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Introduce Sub-Subnets (#83)
* wip * wip * wip * wip * wip * Update understanding-sub-subnets.md * wip * wip * wip --------- Co-authored-by: Dera Okeke <[email protected]>
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‎docs/subnets/understanding-sub-subnets.md‎

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---
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title: "Introducing Sub-Subnets"
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---
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import ThemedImage from '@theme/ThemedImage';
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import useBaseUrl from '@docusaurus/useBaseUrl';
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# Introducing Sub-Subnets
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Historically, each subnet operates with a single **incentive mechanism**, a function that validators run to assign weights to miners based on the value of their work. The **Sub-Subnets** feature allows a subnet creator to apportion the subnet's emissions across multiple **sub-subnets**, each of which runs Yuma Consensus *independently* to evaluate the miners' performance on each of a number of distinct tasks.
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Each miner receives emissions separately within each sub-subnet, so a miner's performance within one sub-subnet does not affect their rating in another, and their emissions for each epoch are summed across the sub-subnets. Validators receive dividends as a weighted sum of their performance across all sub-subnets - they cannot choose which sub-subnets to validate, and if they don't validate all sub-subnets, they receive proportionally reduced emissions. Sub-subnets don't change the total emissions to a subnet, but create a way for subnet creators to distribute those emissions to miners working on different tasks. This mechanism affords subnet creators a transparent, on-chain way to exercise fine-grained control over the work they are incentivizing, keeping miner effort focused on work that is most needed at a time.
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Each sub-subnet has its own:
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- **Weight matrix**: Each validator sets weights for each miner on each of the subnet's sub-subnets.
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- **Independent emissions**: Since they depend on weights set by validators, a miner's emissions in each sub-subnet are independent.
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- **Transparent on-chain data**: All sub-subnet configurations and the flow of emissions are visible on-chain.
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- **Emission distribution**: Currently emissions are evenly distributed, but it is planned that subnet creators will control what percentage of total emissions goes to each sub-subnet.
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### Takeaways
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1. **Same Validators, Same Stake**: All validators participate in all sub-subnets with identical stake weights.
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2. **Same Miners**: All registered miners can participate in any or all sub-subnets.
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3. **Owner-Controlled Proportions**: The holder of the *subnet creator* key will set the emission distribution among sub-subnets.
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<!-- CHeck release state of above feature!!! -->
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4. **Separate Yuma Consensus**: Each sub-subnet runs its own consensus to determine miner rankings.
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## What Should Stakers Know?
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**Core Impact:**
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- **No change to your staking mechanics**: Your stake weight remains identical across all sub-subnets within a subnet. The same validators, same stake, same neurons participate in all sub-subnets.
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- **Same total emissions**: The subnet's total emissions remain unchanged - sub-subnets only redistribute these emissions internally.
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- **Transparent allocation**: All emission proportions are visible on-chain, so you can see exactly how subnet owners are distributing emissions.
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**What This Means for Your Strategy:**
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- **No immediate action required**: Your existing staking strategy doesn't need to change
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- **Enhanced monitoring**: You may want to track sub-subnet performance to understand subnet health
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- **Risk assessment**: Factor in sub-subnet design when evaluating subnet quality
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- **Community oversight**: Use transparency to hold subnet owners accountable for fair emission distribution
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## What Should Miners Know?
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**Automatic Participation:**
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- **No separate registration**: When you register for a subnet, you automatically participate in ALL its sub-subnets
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- **Same UID across all sub-subnets**: You use the same UID for all sub-subnets within a subnet
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**Performance Tracking:**
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- **Independent scoring**: Your performance is independent in different subnets, e.g. sub-subnet 0 doesn't affect your rating in sub-subnet 1.
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- **Separate incentive columns**: You'll see individual incentive amounts for each sub-subnet in metagraph data.
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- **Cumulative emissions**: Your total emissions = sum of emissions from all sub-subnets where you participate.
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## What Should Validators Know?
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### Core Changes
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- **Separate weight setting**: You must set weights independently for each sub-subnet.
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- **Independent evaluation**: Each sub-subnet requires separate assessment according to its specific criteria.
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- **Separate Yuma Consensus**: Each sub-subnet runs its consensus algorithm independently to determine rankings.
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- **Same stake weight**: Your stake weight is identical across all sub-subnets - no additional stake required.
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- **Weighted dividend calculation**: Your dividends are calculated as a weighted sum of your performance across all sub-subnets. If you don't validate on all sub-subnets, you receive proportionally reduced emissions (e.g., if you validate 1 out of 8 sub-subnets, you receive 1/8 of your potential emissions).
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### Operational Changes
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**1. Evaluation Workload:**
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- **Multiple assessments**: You must evaluate miners separately for each sub-subnet's tasks
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- **Different criteria**: Each sub-subnet may have distinct evaluation standards
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**2. Data Structure Changes:**
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- **Two-dimensional weights**: Weight data becomes `[validator][uid][sub_subnet]`
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- **Separate incentive tracking**: Each sub-subnet tracks incentives independently
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- **Extended metagraph**: New columns for sub-subnet weights and incentives
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## What Should Subnet Creators/Developers Know?
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### Core Changes
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- **Emission distribution**: Currently, emissions are divided evenly between subnets; In the planned release state, you will control what percentage of total emissions goes to each sub-subnet.
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:::info
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Currently, emissions are divided evenly between sub-subnets; In the planned release state, you will control what percentage of total emissions goes to each sub-subnet (planned feature).
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:::
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- **Incentive mechanism design**: You define the specific tasks and evaluation criteria for each sub-subnet
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- **Transparent configuration**: All sub-subnet settings are visible on-chain for community oversight
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- **Single subnet slot**: No need to register multiple subnets for multiple competitions
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:::tip
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Ensure proportions sum to 100%.
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:::
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## Example Emissions Split
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For each subnet, the subnet creator keeps 18% of emissions, 41% is allocated to miners, and 41% to validators and their stakers, unless the subnet creator has reduced their take. Of the 41% that goes to miners and validators, here is an estimated emission distribution across three sub-subnets for each 100 $\tau$ earned on the subnet:
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- Sub-subnet 0 (60%): 100 $\tau$ *.41 * .6 = 24.6
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- Sub-subnet 1 (30%): 100 $\tau$ *.41 * .3 = 12.3
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- Sub-subnet 2 (10%): 100 $\tau$ *.41 * .1 = 4.1
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Note that a miner who excels in sub-subnet 0 but performs poorly in others might receive more emissions than a miner who performs moderately across all sub-subnets, depending on the emission proportions and their relative performance.
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## On-Chain Data Structure
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Sub-subnets extend the existing metagraph with additional columns:
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```
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UID | Hotkey | Stake | Sub-subnet 0 Weights | Sub-subnet 1 Weights | Sub-subnet 0 Incentive | Sub-subnet 1 Incentive
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-----|--------|-------|---------------------|---------------------|----------------------|----------------------
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123 | 5ABC...| 1000 | [0.3, 0.2, 0.1...] | [0.1, 0.4, 0.2...] | 0.05 τ | 0.02 τ
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456 | 7DEF...| 800 | [0.2, 0.3, 0.2...] | [0.2, 0.3, 0.1...] | 0.03 τ | 0.04 τ
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```
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## Backward Compatibility
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- Existing subnets continue with only one subnet (sub-subnet 0) collecting all emissions by default
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- All existing API calls default to sub-subnet 0
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- No breaking changes to current functionality
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‎sidebars.js‎

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"learn/introduction",
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"resources/questions-and-answers",
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"subnets/understanding-subnets",
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"subnets/understanding-sub-subnets",
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"learn/neurons",
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"learn/anatomy-of-incentive-mechanism",
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"learn/emissions",

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