@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ will print to standard output ::
5656
5757
5858The :class: `Process ` class
59- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
59+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
6060
6161In :mod: `multiprocessing `, processes are spawned by creating a :class: `Process `
6262object and then calling its :meth: `~Process.start ` method. :class: `Process `
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ necessary, see :ref:`multiprocessing-programming`.
100100
101101
102102Contexts and start methods
103- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
103+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
104104
105105.. _multiprocessing-start-methods :
106106
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ library user.
218218
219219
220220Exchanging objects between processes
221- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
221+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
222222
223223:mod: `multiprocessing ` supports two types of communication channel between
224224processes:
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ processes:
270270
271271
272272Synchronization between processes
273- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
273+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
274274
275275:mod: `multiprocessing ` contains equivalents of all the synchronization
276276primitives from :mod: `threading `. For instance one can use a lock to ensure
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ mixed up.
296296
297297
298298Sharing state between processes
299- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
299+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
300300
301301As mentioned above, when doing concurrent programming it is usually best to
302302avoid using shared state as far as possible. This is particularly true when
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ However, if you really do need to use some shared data then
386386
387387
388388Using a pool of workers
389- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
389+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
390390
391391The :class: `~multiprocessing.pool.Pool ` class represents a pool of worker
392392processes. It has methods which allows tasks to be offloaded to the worker
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ The :mod:`multiprocessing` package mostly replicates the API of the
477477
478478
479479:class: `Process ` and exceptions
480- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
480+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
481481
482482.. class :: Process(group=None, target=None, name=None, args=(), kwargs={}, \
483483 *, daemon=None)
@@ -710,7 +710,7 @@ The :mod:`multiprocessing` package mostly replicates the API of the
710710 Raised by methods with a timeout when the timeout expires.
711711
712712Pipes and Queues
713- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
713+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
714714
715715When using multiple processes, one generally uses message passing for
716716communication between processes and avoids having to use any synchronization
@@ -967,7 +967,7 @@ For an example of the usage of queues for interprocess communication see
967967
968968
969969Miscellaneous
970- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
970+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
971971
972972.. function :: active_children()
973973
@@ -1113,7 +1113,7 @@ Miscellaneous
11131113
11141114
11151115Connection Objects
1116- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1116+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
11171117
11181118.. currentmodule :: multiprocessing.connection
11191119
@@ -1255,7 +1255,7 @@ For example:
12551255
12561256
12571257Synchronization primitives
1258- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1258+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
12591259
12601260.. currentmodule :: multiprocessing
12611261
@@ -1444,7 +1444,7 @@ object -- see :ref:`multiprocessing-managers`.
14441444
14451445
14461446Shared :mod: `ctypes ` Objects
1447- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1447+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
14481448
14491449It is possible to create shared objects using shared memory which can be
14501450inherited by child processes.
@@ -1506,7 +1506,7 @@ inherited by child processes.
15061506
15071507
15081508The :mod: `multiprocessing.sharedctypes ` module
1509- >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
1509+ """"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
15101510
15111511.. module :: multiprocessing.sharedctypes
15121512 :synopsis: Allocate ctypes objects from shared memory.
@@ -1672,7 +1672,7 @@ The results printed are ::
16721672.. _multiprocessing-managers :
16731673
16741674Managers
1675- ~~~~~~~~
1675+ ^^^^^^^^
16761676
16771677Managers provide a way to create data which can be shared between different
16781678processes, including sharing over a network between processes running on
@@ -1916,7 +1916,7 @@ their parent process exits. The manager classes are defined in the
19161916
19171917
19181918Customized managers
1919- >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
1919+ """""""""""""""""""
19201920
19211921To create one's own manager, one creates a subclass of :class: `BaseManager ` and
19221922uses the :meth: `~BaseManager.register ` classmethod to register new types or
@@ -1943,7 +1943,7 @@ callables with the manager class. For example::
19431943
19441944
19451945Using a remote manager
1946- >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
1946+ """"""""""""""""""""""
19471947
19481948It is possible to run a manager server on one machine and have clients use it
19491949from other machines (assuming that the firewalls involved allow it).
@@ -2006,7 +2006,7 @@ client to access it remotely::
20062006.. _multiprocessing-proxy_objects :
20072007
20082008Proxy Objects
2009- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
2009+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
20102010
20112011A proxy is an object which *refers * to a shared object which lives (presumably)
20122012in a different process. The shared object is said to be the *referent * of the
@@ -2158,7 +2158,7 @@ demonstrates a level of control over the synchronization.
21582158
21592159
21602160Cleanup
2161- >>>>>>>
2161+ """""""
21622162
21632163A proxy object uses a weakref callback so that when it gets garbage collected it
21642164deregisters itself from the manager which owns its referent.
@@ -2168,7 +2168,7 @@ any proxies referring to it.
21682168
21692169
21702170Process Pools
2171- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
2171+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
21722172
21732173.. module :: multiprocessing.pool
21742174 :synopsis: Create pools of processes.
@@ -2400,7 +2400,7 @@ The following example demonstrates the use of a pool::
24002400.. _multiprocessing-listeners-clients :
24012401
24022402Listeners and Clients
2403- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
2403+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
24042404
24052405.. module :: multiprocessing.connection
24062406 :synopsis: API for dealing with sockets.
@@ -2624,7 +2624,7 @@ wait for messages from multiple processes at once::
26242624.. _multiprocessing-address-formats :
26252625
26262626Address Formats
2627- >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
2627+ """""""""""""""
26282628
26292629* An ``'AF_INET' `` address is a tuple of the form ``(hostname, port) `` where
26302630 *hostname * is a string and *port * is an integer.
@@ -2644,7 +2644,7 @@ an ``'AF_PIPE'`` address rather than an ``'AF_UNIX'`` address.
26442644.. _multiprocessing-auth-keys :
26452645
26462646Authentication keys
2647- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
2647+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
26482648
26492649When one uses :meth: `Connection.recv <Connection.recv> `, the
26502650data received is automatically
@@ -2670,7 +2670,7 @@ Suitable authentication keys can also be generated by using :func:`os.urandom`.
26702670
26712671
26722672Logging
2673- ~~~~~~~
2673+ ^^^^^^^
26742674
26752675Some support for logging is available. Note, however, that the :mod: `logging `
26762676package does not use process shared locks so it is possible (depending on the
@@ -2718,7 +2718,7 @@ For a full table of logging levels, see the :mod:`logging` module.
27182718
27192719
27202720The :mod: `multiprocessing.dummy ` module
2721- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
2721+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
27222722
27232723.. module :: multiprocessing.dummy
27242724 :synopsis: Dumb wrapper around threading.
@@ -2777,7 +2777,7 @@ There are certain guidelines and idioms which should be adhered to when using
27772777
27782778
27792779All start methods
2780- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
2780+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
27812781
27822782The following applies to all start methods.
27832783
@@ -2936,7 +2936,7 @@ Beware of replacing :data:`sys.stdin` with a "file like object"
29362936 For more information, see :issue: `5155 `, :issue: `5313 ` and :issue: `5331 `
29372937
29382938The *spawn * and *forkserver * start methods
2939- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
2939+ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
29402940
29412941There are a few extra restriction which don't apply to the *fork *
29422942start method.
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