Ultra performance fixes

Author: leon-junio

SnakeGame/Snake.pde

@@ -9,35 +9,34 @@ import java.util.ArrayList;
 
 public class Snake {
 
-  public Snake() {
-  }
-
-  private static final int FOOD_COLISION_TOLERANCE = 10, BODY_COLISION_TOLERANCE = 1;
-  private List<SnakeBody> snakeBody = new ArrayList<>();
+  private static final byte FOOD_COLISION_TOLERANCE = 10, BODY_COLISION_TOLERANCE = 1;
+  private short[] bodyX, bodyY;
+  private short arrIndex;
+  private SnakeMove[] movements;
 
-  public List<SnakeBody> getSnakeBody() {
-    return snakeBody;
+  public Snake() {
+    init();
   }
 
-  public void setSnakeBody(List<SnakeBody> snakeBody) {
-    this.snakeBody = snakeBody;
+  private void init() {
+    arrIndex = 0;
+    var pieces = piecesPerScreen();
+    bodyX = new short[pieces];
+    bodyY = new short[pieces];
+    movements = new SnakeMove[pieces];
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Get the size of the snake body
-   * @return int the size of the snake body
-   */
-  public int bodySize() {
-    return snakeBody.size();
+  public int piecesPerScreen() {
+    return (SnakeGame.W * SnakeGame.H) / (SnakeGame.SNAKE_SIZE_W * SnakeGame.SNAKE_SIZE_H);
   }
 
   /**
    * Get the snake body at the specified index
    * @param index the index of the snake body
    * @return SnakeBody the snake body at the specified index
    */
-  public SnakeBody getBody(int index) {
-    return snakeBody.get(index);
+  public short[] getPosition(int index) {
+    return new short[]{bodyX[index], bodyY[index]};
   }
 
   /**
@@ -46,30 +45,22 @@ public class Snake {
    * @return SnakeBody the snake body at the specified index
    */
   public void updatePosition(SnakeMove movement) {
-    getSnakeHead().setMovement(movement);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Adds a new SnakeBody to the snake.
-   * @param body The SnakeBody to be added.
-   */
-  public void addSnakeBody(SnakeBody body) {
-    snakeBody.add(body);
+    movements[0] = movement;
   }
 
   /**
    * Gets the first position of the snake.
    * @return Position The first position of the snake.
    */
-  public int[] getFirstPosition() {
-    return getSnakeHead().getPosition();
+  public short[] getFirstPosition() {
+    return new short[]{bodyX[0], bodyY[0]};
   }
 
   /**
    * Destroys the snake by clearing its body and positions.
    */
   public void destroySnake() {
-    snakeBody.clear();
+    init();
   }
 
   /**
@@ -78,30 +69,32 @@ public class Snake {
    * The new body is positioned one movement offset away from the last body.
    */
   public void newBody() {
-    var lastBody = snakeBody.get(snakeBody.size()-1);
-    var positions = lastBody.getPosition();
-    var movement = lastBody.getMovement();
+    short[] lastPosition = {bodyX[arrIndex], bodyY[arrIndex]};
+    var movement = movements[arrIndex];
     var offset = movement.getOffset();
-    var body = new SnakeBody(movement, positions);
-    body.setX(body.getX() + offset[0]);
-    body.setY(body.getY() +offset[1]);
-    addSnakeBody(body);
+    arrIndex++;
+    bodyX[arrIndex] = (short)(lastPosition[0] + offset[0]);
+    bodyY[arrIndex] = (short)(lastPosition[1] + offset[1]);
+    movements[arrIndex] = movement;
+  }
+
+  public short getSize() {
+    return (short) (arrIndex + 1);
   }
 
+
   /**
    * Updates the movement of the snake and checks for collisions with food, borders and body.
    * If the snake collides with food, a new food is created and the score is updated.
    * If the snake collides with borders or body, the game is over.
    */
   public void updateMovement() {
-    if (snakeBody.size() > 1) {
-        for (int index = snakeBody.size() - 1; index > 0; index--) {
-            var currentBody = snakeBody.get(index);
-            var previousBody = snakeBody.get(index - 1);
-            currentBody.setX(previousBody.getX());
-            currentBody.setY(previousBody.getY());
-            currentBody.setMovement(previousBody.getMovement());
-        }
+    if (getSize() > 1) {
+      for (int index = arrIndex; index > 0; index--) {
+        bodyX[index] = bodyX[index - 1];
+        bodyY[index] = bodyY[index - 1];
+        movements[index] = movements[index-1];
+      }
     }
     updateHeadPosition();
     if (checkCollisionWithFood()) {
@@ -118,15 +111,17 @@ public class Snake {
    * Starts the snake at the specified position.
    * @param position The position to start the snake.
    */
-  public void startSnake(int[] position) {
-    addSnakeBody(new SnakeBody(SnakeMove.UP, position));
+  public void startSnake(short[] position) {
+    bodyX[0] = position[0];
+    bodyY[0] = position[1];
+    movements[0] = SnakeMove.UP;
   }
 
   /**
    * Updates the position of all snake pieces of body.
    */
   private void updateHeadPosition() {
-     getSnakeHead().doMovement(SnakeGame.VELOCITY);
+    doMovement(movements[0], SnakeGame.VELOCITY);
   }
 
 
@@ -135,44 +130,54 @@ public class Snake {
    * @return true if there is a collision, false otherwise.
    */
   private boolean checkCollisionWithBody() {
-    var firstBody = getSnakeHead();
     var result = false;
-    for (int index = 1; index < snakeBody.size(); index++) {
-      var body = snakeBody.get(index);
-      if (Math.abs(body.getX() - firstBody.getX()) <= BODY_COLISION_TOLERANCE &&
-        Math.abs(body.getY() - firstBody.getY()) <= BODY_COLISION_TOLERANCE) {
+    for (int index = 1; index < getSize(); index++) {
+      short[] body = {bodyX[index], bodyY[index]};
+      if (Math.abs(body[0] - bodyX[0]) <= BODY_COLISION_TOLERANCE &&
+        Math.abs(body[1] - bodyY[0]) <= BODY_COLISION_TOLERANCE) {
         result = true;
         break;
       }
     }
     return result;
   }
 
-  /**
-   * Gets the snake's head.
-   * @return SnakeBody The snake's head.
-   */
-  public SnakeBody getSnakeHead() {
-    return snakeBody.get(0);
-  }
-
   /**
    * Checks if the snake collides with the food.
    * @return true if the snake collides with the food, false otherwise.
    */
   private boolean checkCollisionWithFood() {
-    var bodyPos = getSnakeHead();
-    return (Math.abs(SnakeGame.FOOD_X - bodyPos.getX()) <= FOOD_COLISION_TOLERANCE &&
-      Math.abs(SnakeGame.FOOD_Y - bodyPos.getY()) <= FOOD_COLISION_TOLERANCE);
+    return (Math.abs(SnakeGame.FOOD_X - bodyX[0]) <= FOOD_COLISION_TOLERANCE &&
+      Math.abs(SnakeGame.FOOD_Y - bodyY[0]) <= FOOD_COLISION_TOLERANCE);
   }
 
   /**
    * Checks if the snake has collided with the game borders.
    * @return true if the snake has collided with the borders, false otherwise.
    */
   private boolean checkCollisionWithBorders() {
-    var body = getSnakeHead();
-    return  (body.getX() < SnakeGame.BORDER || body.getX() > SnakeGame.W - SnakeGame.BORDER - SnakeGame.SNAKE_SIZE_W ||
-      body.getY() < SnakeGame.BORDER || body.getY() > SnakeGame.H - SnakeGame.BORDER - SnakeGame.SNAKE_SIZE_H);
+    return  (bodyX[0] < SnakeGame.BORDER || bodyX[0] > SnakeGame.W - SnakeGame.BORDER - SnakeGame.SNAKE_SIZE_W ||
+      bodyY[0] < SnakeGame.BORDER || bodyY[0] > SnakeGame.H - SnakeGame.BORDER - SnakeGame.SNAKE_SIZE_H);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Do a movement in the snake body with a velocity value
+   * @param velocity short value of velocity
+   */
+  public void doMovement(SnakeMove movement, short velocity) {
+    switch(movement) {
+    case UP:
+      bodyY[0] -= velocity;
+      break;
+    case DOWN:
+      bodyY[0] += velocity;
+      break;
+    case LEFT:
+      bodyX[0] -= velocity;
+      break;
+    case RIGHT:
+      bodyX[0] += velocity;
+      break;
+    }
   }
 }

SnakeGame/SnakeBody.pde

@@ -5,20 +5,20 @@
 
 import java.util.Random;
 
-public static final int[] BG_COLOR = {50, 230, 50};
+public static final short[] BG_COLOR = {50, 256, 50};
 private static Snake snake;
-public static final int W = 600, H = 400;
-public static final int SNAKE_SIZE_W = 10, SNAKE_SIZE_H = 10, BORDER = 20, GRID_SIZE = 10, VELOCITY = 10;
-public static int MOVE_INTERVAL = 100;
+public static final short W = 600, H = 400;
+public static final byte SNAKE_SIZE_W = 10, SNAKE_SIZE_H = 10, BORDER = 20, GRID_SIZE = 10, VELOCITY = 10;
+public static byte MOVE_INTERVAL = 100;
 private static int score;
 private static SnakeMove lastMove = null;
 public static boolean isRunning;
 private static long currentTime = 0l, lastMoveTime;
-private static SnakeBody body = null;
-private static int FOOD_X, FOOD_Y;
-private static int[] FOOD_COLOR;
+private static short[] bodyPos;
+private static short FOOD_X, FOOD_Y;
+private static short[] FOOD_COLOR;
 private static Random random;
-
+private static PFont FONT_SCORE, FONT_GAME;
 
 /**
  * Setup configuration of the game
@@ -30,8 +30,10 @@ void setup() {
   isRunning = true;
   lastMoveTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
   frameRate(60);
+  FONT_SCORE = createFont("Impact", 18);
+  FONT_GAME =  createFont("Impact", 32);
   snake = new Snake();
-  snake.startSnake(new int[]{(int)W/2, (int)H/2});
+  snake.startSnake(new short[]{W/2, H/2});
   random = new Random();
   newFood();
 }
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ void draw() {
  */
 void drawGameOver() {
   fill(255, 255, 255);
-  textFont(createFont("Impact", 32));
+  textFont(FONT_GAME);
   text("Game Over", (W/2)-65, H/2);
   text("Press 'R' to restart", (W/2)-120, (H/2)+40);
 }
@@ -77,15 +79,15 @@ void drawGameOver() {
  * Draw the snake body and head in the screen
  */
 void drawSnake() {
-  body = snake.getBody(0);
+  bodyPos = snake.getPosition(0);
   stroke(0, 30, 255);
   fill(150, 60, 200);
-  rect(body.getX(), body.getY(), SNAKE_SIZE_W, SNAKE_SIZE_H);
-  for (int index = 1; index < snake.bodySize(); index++) {
-    body = snake.getBody(index);
+  rect(bodyPos[0], bodyPos[1], SNAKE_SIZE_W, SNAKE_SIZE_H);
+  for (int index = 1; index < snake.getSize(); index++) {
+    bodyPos = snake.getPosition(index);
     stroke(0, 30, 255);
     fill(50, 100, 200);
-    rect(body.getX(), body.getY(), SNAKE_SIZE_W, SNAKE_SIZE_H);
+    rect(bodyPos[0], bodyPos[1], SNAKE_SIZE_W, SNAKE_SIZE_H);
   }
 }
 
@@ -94,8 +96,8 @@ void drawSnake() {
  */
 void drawScore() {
   fill(255, 255, 255);
-  textFont(createFont("Impact", 18));
-  text("Leon Snake Game: "+score, (W/2) - 70, H - 3);
+  textFont(FONT_SCORE);
+  text("Leon Snake Game: "+ score, (W/2) - 70, H - 3);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -135,7 +137,7 @@ public static void gameOver() {
  * Restart the game (reset snake, food, score and move interval)
  */
 void restartGame() {
-  snake.startSnake(new int[]{(int)W/2, (int)H/2});
+  snake.startSnake(new short[]{W/2, H/2});
   lastMove = null;
   isRunning = true;
   MOVE_INTERVAL = 100;
@@ -155,9 +157,9 @@ public static void updateScore() {
  * For each spawn increase the snake speed (decrease the move interval)
  */
 public static void newFood() {
-  FOOD_X = random.ints(0 + GRID_SIZE + BORDER, W - GRID_SIZE - BORDER).findFirst().getAsInt();
-  FOOD_Y = random.ints(0 + GRID_SIZE + BORDER, H - GRID_SIZE - BORDER).findFirst().getAsInt();
-  FOOD_COLOR = new int[]{random.nextInt(255), random.nextInt(255), random.nextInt(255)};
+  FOOD_X = (short) random.ints(0 + GRID_SIZE + BORDER, W - GRID_SIZE - BORDER).findFirst().getAsInt();
+  FOOD_Y = (short) random.ints(0 + GRID_SIZE + BORDER, H - GRID_SIZE - BORDER).findFirst().getAsInt();
+  FOOD_COLOR = new short[]{(short)random.nextInt(255), (short)random.nextInt(255), (short)random.nextInt(255)};
   if (MOVE_INTERVAL > 50)
     MOVE_INTERVAL -= 1;
 }