diff --git a/include/bitcoin/database/impl/primitives/arraymap.ipp b/include/bitcoin/database/impl/primitives/arraymap.ipp
index e765a55fd..0b07a3a58 100644
--- a/include/bitcoin/database/impl/primitives/arraymap.ipp
+++ b/include/bitcoin/database/impl/primitives/arraymap.ipp
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 #define LIBBITCOIN_DATABASE_PRIMITIVES_ARRAYMAP_IPP
 
 #include <algorithm>
-#include <bitcoin/system.hpp>
 #include <bitcoin/database/define.hpp>
 
 namespace libbitcoin {
diff --git a/include/bitcoin/database/impl/store.ipp b/include/bitcoin/database/impl/store.ipp
index 2b337efd9..ce8a82d38 100644
--- a/include/bitcoin/database/impl/store.ipp
+++ b/include/bitcoin/database/impl/store.ipp
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 
 #include <chrono>
 #include <unordered_map>
-#include <bitcoin/system.hpp>
 #include <bitcoin/database/boost.hpp>
 #include <bitcoin/database/define.hpp>
 #include <bitcoin/database/file/file.hpp>