refactor: use cargo chef for rust-libp2p-server docker build

Using `cargo chef` allows us to significantly speed up the build of docker images in CI as we can make use of `cache-{to,from}` to push the created cache layers to an S3 bucket.

Pull-Request: #4605.

Author: thomaseizinger

.github/workflows/docker-image.yml

@@ -35,5 +35,10 @@ jobs:
           context: .
           file: ./misc/server/Dockerfile
           push: ${{ ! github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork && github.actor != 'dependabot[bot]' }} # Only push image if we have the required permissions, i.e. not running from a fork
+          cache-from: ${{ ! github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork && github.actor != 'dependabot[bot]' && type=s3,mode=max,bucket=libp2p-by-tf-aws-bootstrap,region=us-east-1,prefix=buildCache,name=rust-libp2p-server }}
+          cache-to:   ${{ ! github.event.pull_request.head.repo.fork && github.actor != 'dependabot[bot]' && type=s3,mode=max,bucket=libp2p-by-tf-aws-bootstrap,region=us-east-1,prefix=buildCache,name=rust-libp2p-server }}
           tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
           labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
+        env:
+          AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ vars.TEST_PLANS_BUILD_CACHE_KEY_ID }}
+          AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.TEST_PLANS_BUILD_CACHE_KEY }}

misc/server/Dockerfile

@@ -1,19 +1,20 @@
-FROM rust:1.72-bullseye as builder
-WORKDIR /usr/src/rust-libp2p-server
+# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1.5-labs
+FROM rust:1.67.0 as chef
+RUN wget -q -O- https://github.com/LukeMathWalker/cargo-chef/releases/download/v0.1.62/cargo-chef-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz | tar -zx -C /usr/local/bin
+RUN cargo install --locked --root /usr/local libp2p-lookup --version 0.6.4
+WORKDIR /app
 
-# Run with access to the target cache to speed up builds
-WORKDIR /workspace
+FROM chef AS planner
+COPY . .
+RUN cargo chef prepare --recipe-path recipe.json
 
-RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/usr/local/cargo/registry \
-    cargo install --locked --root /usr/local libp2p-lookup  --version 0.6.4
-
-ADD . .
-RUN --mount=type=cache,target=./target \
-    --mount=type=cache,target=/usr/local/cargo/registry \
-    cargo build --release --package libp2p-server
-
-RUN --mount=type=cache,target=./target \
-    mv ./target/release/libp2p-server /usr/local/bin/libp2p-server
+FROM chef AS builder
+COPY --from=planner /app/recipe.json recipe.json
+# Build dependencies - this is the caching Docker layer!
+RUN cargo chef cook --release --package libp2p-server --recipe-path recipe.json
+# Build application
+COPY . .
+RUN cargo build --release --package libp2p-server
 
 FROM gcr.io/distroless/cc
 COPY --from=builder /usr/local/bin/libp2p-server /usr/local/bin/libp2p-lookup /usr/local/bin/