[mlir][IR] Improve error message when return type could not be inferred (#112336)

Print an error such as the following one before terminating program
execution.
```
mlir/test/Dialect/SparseTensor/convert_dense2sparse.mlir:26:8: remark: location of op
  %0 = sparse_tensor.convert %arg0 : tensor<?xi32> to tensor<?xi32, #SparseVector>
       ^
LLVM ERROR: Failed to infer result type(s):
"sparse_tensor.positions"(...) {} : (index) -> ( ??? )

(stack trace follows)
```

Author: matthias-springer

mlir/include/mlir/Interfaces/InferTypeOpInterface.h

@@ -244,6 +244,10 @@ inferReturnTensorTypes(ArrayRef<ShapedTypeComponents> retComponents,
 /// Verifies that the inferred result types match the actual result types for
 /// the op. Precondition: op implements InferTypeOpInterface.
 LogicalResult verifyInferredResultTypes(Operation *op);
+
+/// Report a fatal error indicating that the result types could not be
+/// inferred.
+void reportFatalInferReturnTypesError(OperationState &state);
 } // namespace detail
 
 namespace OpTrait {

mlir/lib/Interfaces/InferTypeOpInterface.cpp

@@ -247,3 +247,17 @@ LogicalResult mlir::detail::verifyInferredResultTypes(Operation *op) {
 
   return result;
 }
+
+void mlir::detail::reportFatalInferReturnTypesError(OperationState &state) {
+  std::string buffer;
+  llvm::raw_string_ostream os(buffer);
+  os << "Failed to infer result type(s):\n";
+  os << "\"" << state.name << "\"(...) ";
+  os << state.attributes.getDictionary(state.location.getContext());
+  os << " : (";
+  llvm::interleaveComma(state.operands, os,
+                        [&](Value val) { os << val.getType(); });
+  os << ") -> ( ??? )";
+  emitRemark(state.location, "location of op");
+  llvm::report_fatal_error(llvm::StringRef(buffer));
+}

mlir/test/mlir-tblgen/op-decl-and-defs.td

@@ -208,6 +208,11 @@ def NS_FOp : NS_Op<"op_with_all_types_constraint",
 // CHECK-LABEL: class FOp :
 // CHECK: static ::llvm::LogicalResult inferReturnTypes
 
+// DEFS: void FOp::build(::mlir::OpBuilder &odsBuilder, ::mlir::OperationState &odsState, ::mlir::Value a) {
+// DEFS:   if (::mlir::succeeded(FOp::inferReturnTypes(odsBuilder.getContext(),
+// DEFS:   else
+// DEFS:     ::mlir::detail::reportFatalInferReturnTypesError(odsState);
+
 def NS_GOp : NS_Op<"op_with_fixed_return_type", []> {
   let arguments = (ins AnyType:$a);
   let results = (outs I32:$b);

mlir/tools/mlir-tblgen/OpDefinitionsGen.cpp

@@ -2503,7 +2503,8 @@ void OpEmitter::genSeparateArgParamBuilder() {
                       {1}.regions, inferredReturnTypes)))
           {1}.addTypes(inferredReturnTypes);
         else
-          ::llvm::report_fatal_error("Failed to infer result type(s).");)",
+          ::mlir::detail::reportFatalInferReturnTypesError({1});
+        )",
                       opClass.getClassName(), builderOpState);
       return;
     }