[clang][ARM] Fix warning for using VFP from interrupts. (#91870)

[clang][ARM] Fix warning for using VFP from interrupts.

This warning has three issues:
- The interrupt attribute causes the function to return using an
exception
   return instruction. This warning allows calls from one function with
   the interrupt attribute to another, and the diagnostic text suggests
   that not having the attribute on the callee is a problem. Actually
   making such a call will lead to a double exception return, which is
   unpredictable according to the ARM architecture manual section
   B9.1.1, "Restrictions on exception return instructions". Even on
   machines where an exception return from user/system mode is
   tolerated, if the callee's interrupt type is anything other than a
   supervisor call or secure monitor call, it will also return to a
   different address than a normal function would. For example,
   returning from an "IRQ" handler will return to lr - 4, which will
   generally result in calling the same function again.
 - The interrupt attribute currently does not cause caller-saved VFP
   registers to be saved and restored if they are used, so putting
   __attribute__((interrupt)) on a called function doesn't prevent it
   from clobbering VFP state.
 - It is part of the -Wextra diagnostic group and can't be individually
   disabled when using -Wextra, which also means the diagnostic text of
   this specific warning appears in the documentation of -Wextra.

This change addresses all three issues by instead generating a warning
for any interrupt handler where the vfp feature is enabled. The warning
is
also given its own diagnostic group.

Closes #34876.

[clang][ARM] Emit an error when an interrupt handler is called.

Closes #95359.

Author: chrisnc

clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst

@@ -457,6 +457,9 @@ New Compiler Flags
   that relies on it. Users should carefully consider this possibiilty when using
   the flag.
 
+- For the ARM target, added ``-Warm-interrupt-vfp-clobber`` that will emit a
+  diagnostic when an interrupt handler is declared and VFP is enabled.
+
 Deprecated Compiler Flags
 -------------------------
 
@@ -499,6 +502,13 @@ Modified Compiler Flags
   now include dianostics about C++26 features that are not present in older
   versions.
 
+- Removed the "arm interrupt calling convention" warning that was included in
+  ``-Wextra`` without its own flag. This warning suggested adding
+  ``__attribute__((interrupt))`` to functions that are called from interrupt
+  handlers to prevent clobbering VFP registers. Following this suggestion leads
+  to unpredictable behavior by causing multiple exception returns from one
+  exception. Fixes #GH34876.
+
 Removed Compiler Flags
 -------------------------
 
@@ -693,6 +703,8 @@ Improvements to Clang's diagnostics
 - Clang no longer emits a "no previous prototype" warning for Win32 entry points under ``-Wmissing-prototypes``.
   Fixes #GH94366.
 
+- For the ARM target, calling an interrupt handler from another function is now an error. #GH95359.
+
 Improvements to Clang's time-trace
 ----------------------------------
 

clang/include/clang/Basic/DiagnosticSemaKinds.td

@@ -336,9 +336,12 @@ def warn_anyx86_excessive_regsave : Warning<
   " with attribute 'no_caller_saved_registers'"
   " or be compiled with '-mgeneral-regs-only'">,
   InGroup<DiagGroup<"excessive-regsave">>;
-def warn_arm_interrupt_calling_convention : Warning<
-   "call to function without interrupt attribute could clobber interruptee's VFP registers">,
-   InGroup<Extra>;
+def warn_arm_interrupt_vfp_clobber : Warning<
+  "interrupt service routine with vfp enabled may clobber the "
+  "interruptee's vfp state">,
+  InGroup<DiagGroup<"arm-interrupt-vfp-clobber">>;
+def err_arm_interrupt_called : Error<
+  "interrupt service routine cannot be called directly">;
 def warn_interrupt_attribute_invalid : Warning<
    "%select{MIPS|MSP430|RISC-V}0 'interrupt' attribute only applies to "
    "functions that have %select{no parameters|a 'void' return type}1">,

clang/lib/Sema/SemaARM.cpp

@@ -1329,6 +1329,10 @@ void SemaARM::handleInterruptAttr(Decl *D, const ParsedAttr &AL) {
     return;
   }
 
+  const TargetInfo &TI = getASTContext().getTargetInfo();
+  if (TI.hasFeature("vfp"))
+    Diag(D->getLocation(), diag::warn_arm_interrupt_vfp_clobber);
+
   D->addAttr(::new (getASTContext())
                  ARMInterruptAttr(getASTContext(), AL, Kind));
 }

clang/lib/Sema/SemaExpr.cpp

@@ -6625,27 +6625,21 @@ ExprResult Sema::BuildResolvedCallExpr(Expr *Fn, NamedDecl *NDecl,
   unsigned BuiltinID = (FDecl ? FDecl->getBuiltinID() : 0);
 
   // Functions with 'interrupt' attribute cannot be called directly.
-  if (FDecl && FDecl->hasAttr<AnyX86InterruptAttr>()) {
-    Diag(Fn->getExprLoc(), diag::err_anyx86_interrupt_called);
-    return ExprError();
+  if (FDecl) {
+    if (FDecl->hasAttr<AnyX86InterruptAttr>()) {
+      Diag(Fn->getExprLoc(), diag::err_anyx86_interrupt_called);
+      return ExprError();
+    }
+    if (FDecl->hasAttr<ARMInterruptAttr>()) {
+      Diag(Fn->getExprLoc(), diag::err_arm_interrupt_called);
+      return ExprError();
+    }
   }
 
-  // Interrupt handlers don't save off the VFP regs automatically on ARM,
-  // so there's some risk when calling out to non-interrupt handler functions
-  // that the callee might not preserve them. This is easy to diagnose here,
-  // but can be very challenging to debug.
-  // Likewise, X86 interrupt handlers may only call routines with attribute
+  // X86 interrupt handlers may only call routines with attribute
   // no_caller_saved_registers since there is no efficient way to
   // save and restore the non-GPR state.
   if (auto *Caller = getCurFunctionDecl()) {
-    if (Caller->hasAttr<ARMInterruptAttr>()) {
-      bool VFP = Context.getTargetInfo().hasFeature("vfp");
-      if (VFP && (!FDecl || !FDecl->hasAttr<ARMInterruptAttr>())) {
-        Diag(Fn->getExprLoc(), diag::warn_arm_interrupt_calling_convention);
-        if (FDecl)
-          Diag(FDecl->getLocation(), diag::note_callee_decl) << FDecl;
-      }
-    }
     if (Caller->hasAttr<AnyX86InterruptAttr>() ||
         Caller->hasAttr<AnyX86NoCallerSavedRegistersAttr>()) {
       const TargetInfo &TI = Context.getTargetInfo();

clang/test/Sema/arm-interrupt-attr.c

@@ -1,52 +1,26 @@
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -triple arm-apple-darwin  -target-feature +vfp2 -verify -fsyntax-only
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -triple thumb-apple-darwin  -target-feature +vfp3 -verify -fsyntax-only
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -triple armeb-none-eabi  -target-feature +vfp4 -verify -fsyntax-only
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -triple thumbeb-none-eabi  -target-feature +neon -verify -fsyntax-only
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -triple thumbeb-none-eabi -target-feature +neon -target-feature +soft-float -DSOFT -verify -fsyntax-only
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -triple arm-none-eabi -verify -fsyntax-only
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 %s -triple arm-none-eabi -target-feature +vfp2 -verify -fsyntax-only
 
-__attribute__((interrupt(IRQ))) void foo(void) {} // expected-error {{'interrupt' attribute requires a string}}
-__attribute__((interrupt("irq"))) void foo1(void) {} // expected-warning {{'interrupt' attribute argument not supported: irq}}
 
+#ifdef __ARM_FP
+__attribute__((interrupt("IRQ"))) void float_irq(void); // expected-warning {{interrupt service routine with vfp enabled may clobber the interruptee's vfp state}}
+#else // !defined(__ARM_FP)
+__attribute__((interrupt("irq"))) void foo1(void) {} // expected-warning {{'interrupt' attribute argument not supported: irq}}
+__attribute__((interrupt(IRQ))) void foo(void) {} // expected-error {{'interrupt' attribute requires a string}}
 __attribute__((interrupt("IRQ", 1))) void foo2(void) {} // expected-error {{'interrupt' attribute takes no more than 1 argument}}
-
 __attribute__((interrupt("IRQ"))) void foo3(void) {}
 __attribute__((interrupt("FIQ"))) void foo4(void) {}
 __attribute__((interrupt("SWI"))) void foo5(void) {}
 __attribute__((interrupt("ABORT"))) void foo6(void) {}
 __attribute__((interrupt("UNDEF"))) void foo7(void) {}
-
 __attribute__((interrupt)) void foo8(void) {}
 __attribute__((interrupt())) void foo9(void) {}
 __attribute__((interrupt(""))) void foo10(void) {}
 
-#ifndef SOFT
-// expected-note@+2 {{'callee1' declared here}}
-#endif
-void callee1(void);
-__attribute__((interrupt("IRQ"))) void callee2(void);
-void caller1(void) {
-  callee1();
-  callee2();
-}
-
-#ifndef SOFT
-__attribute__((interrupt("IRQ"))) void caller2(void) {
-  callee1(); // expected-warning {{call to function without interrupt attribute could clobber interruptee's VFP registers}}
-  callee2();
-}
-
-void (*callee3)(void);
-__attribute__((interrupt("IRQ"))) void caller3(void) {
-  callee3(); // expected-warning {{call to function without interrupt attribute could clobber interruptee's VFP registers}}
-}
-#else
-__attribute__((interrupt("IRQ"))) void caller2(void) {
-  callee1();
-  callee2();
-}
+__attribute__((interrupt("IRQ"))) void callee(void) {}
 
-void (*callee3)(void);
-__attribute__((interrupt("IRQ"))) void caller3(void) {
-  callee3();
+void caller(void)
+{
+    callee(); // expected-error {{interrupt service routine cannot be called directly}}
 }
-#endif
+#endif // __ARM_FP