[mlir][ptr] Add ptr.ptr_diff op

Thi patch introduces the `ptr.ptr_diff` operation for computing pointer
differences. The semantics of the operation are given by:
```
The `ptr_diff` operation computes the difference between two pointers,
returning an integer or index value representing the number of bytes
between them. This difference is always computed using signed arithmetic.

The operation supports both scalar and shaped types with value semantics:
- When both operands are scalar: produces a single difference value
- When both are shaped: performs element-wise subtraction,
  shapes must be the same

The operation also supports the following flags:
- `none`: No flags are set.
- `nuw`: No Unsigned Wrap, if the subtraction causes an unsigned overflow,
  the result is a poison value.
- `nsw`: No Signed Wrap, if the subtraction causes a signed overflow, the
  result is a poison value.

NOTE: The pointer difference is calculated using an integer type specified
by the data layout. The final result will be sign-extended or truncated to
fit the result type as necessary.
```

This patch also adds translation to LLVM IR hooks for the `ptr_diff` op.
This translation uses the `ptrtoaddr` builder to compute only index
bits difference.

Example:
```mlir
llvm.func @ptr_diff_vector_i32(%ptrs1: vector<8x!ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>>, %ptrs2: vector<8x!ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>>) -> vector<8xi32> {
  %diffs = ptr.ptr_diff %ptrs1, %ptrs2 : vector<8x!ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>> -> vector<8xi32>
  llvm.return %diffs : vector<8xi32>
}
```
Translation to LLVM IR:
```llvm
define <8 x i32> @ptr_diff_vector_i32(<8 x ptr> %0, <8 x ptr> %1) {
  %3 = ptrtoint <8 x ptr> %0 to <8 x i64>
  %4 = ptrtoint <8 x ptr> %1 to <8 x i64>
  %5 = sub <8 x i64> %3, %4
  %6 = trunc <8 x i64> %5 to <8 x i32>
  ret <8 x i32> %6
}
```

Author: fabianmcg

mlir/include/mlir/Dialect/Ptr/IR/PtrEnums.td

@@ -79,4 +79,14 @@ def Ptr_PtrAddFlags : I32Enum<"PtrAddFlags", "Pointer add flags", [
   let cppNamespace = "::mlir::ptr";
 }
 
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// Ptr diff flags enum properties.
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+def Ptr_PtrDiffFlags : I8BitEnum<"PtrDiffFlags", "Pointer difference flags", [
+    I8BitEnumCase<"none", 0>, I8BitEnumCase<"nuw", 1>, I8BitEnumCase<"nsw", 2>
+  ]> {
+  let cppNamespace = "::mlir::ptr";
+}
+
 #endif // PTR_ENUMS

mlir/include/mlir/Dialect/Ptr/IR/PtrOps.td

@@ -415,6 +415,63 @@ def Ptr_PtrAddOp : Pointer_Op<"ptr_add", [
   }];
 }
 
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// PtrDiffOp
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+def Ptr_PtrDiffOp : Pointer_Op<"ptr_diff", [
+    Pure, AllTypesMatch<["lhs", "rhs"]>, SameOperandsAndResultShape
+  ]> {
+  let summary = "Pointer difference operation";
+  let description = [{
+    The `ptr_diff` operation computes the difference between two pointers,
+    returning an integer or index value representing the number of bytes
+    between them. This difference is always computed using signed arithmetic.
+
+    The operation supports both scalar and shaped types with value semantics:
+    - When both operands are scalar: produces a single difference value
+    - When both are shaped: performs element-wise subtraction,
+      shapes must be the same
+
+    The operation also supports the following flags:
+    - `none`: No flags are set.
+    - `nuw`: No Unsigned Wrap, if the subtraction causes an unsigned overflow,
+      the result is a poison value.
+    - `nsw`: No Signed Wrap, if the subtraction causes a signed overflow, the
+      result is a poison value.
+
+    NOTE: The pointer difference is calculated using an integer type specified
+    by the data layout. The final result will be sign-extended or truncated to
+    fit the result type as necessary.
+
+    Example:
+
+    ```mlir
+    // Scalar pointers
+    %diff = ptr.ptr_diff %p1, %p2 : !ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space> -> i64
+
+    // Shaped pointers
+    %diffs = ptr.ptr_diff nsw %ptrs1, %ptrs2 :
+      vector<4x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>> -> vector<4xi64>
+    ```
+  }];
+  let arguments = (ins
+    Ptr_PtrLikeType:$lhs, Ptr_PtrLikeType:$rhs,
+    DefaultValuedProp<EnumProp<Ptr_PtrDiffFlags>, "PtrDiffFlags::none">:$flags
+  );
+  let results = (outs Ptr_IntLikeType:$result);
+  let assemblyFormat = [{
+    ($flags^)? $lhs `,` $rhs attr-dict `:` type($lhs) `->` type($result)
+  }];
+  let extraClassDeclaration = [{
+    /// Returns the operand's ptr type.
+    ptr::PtrType getPtrType();
+    /// Returns the result's underlying int type.
+    Type getIntType();
+  }];
+  let hasVerifier = 1;
+}
+
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 // ScatterOp
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

mlir/lib/Dialect/Ptr/IR/PtrDialect.cpp

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #include "mlir/IR/Matchers.h"
 #include "mlir/Interfaces/DataLayoutInterfaces.h"
 #include "mlir/Transforms/InliningUtils.h"
+#include "llvm/ADT/StringExtras.h"
 #include "llvm/ADT/TypeSwitch.h"
 
 using namespace mlir;
@@ -391,6 +392,39 @@ LogicalResult PtrAddOp::inferReturnTypes(
   return success();
 }
 
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+// PtrDiffOp
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+LogicalResult PtrDiffOp::verify() {
+  // If the operands are not shaped early exit.
+  if (!isa<ShapedType>(getLhs().getType()))
+    return success();
+
+  // Just check the container type matches, `SameOperandsAndResultShape` handles
+  // the actual shape.
+  if (getResult().getType().getTypeID() != getLhs().getType().getTypeID()) {
+    return emitError() << "expected the result to have the same container "
+                          "type as the operands when operands are shaped";
+  }
+
+  return success();
+}
+
+ptr::PtrType PtrDiffOp::getPtrType() {
+  Type lhsType = getLhs().getType();
+  if (auto shapedType = dyn_cast<ShapedType>(lhsType))
+    return cast<ptr::PtrType>(shapedType.getElementType());
+  return cast<ptr::PtrType>(lhsType);
+}
+
+Type PtrDiffOp::getIntType() {
+  Type resultType = getResult().getType();
+  if (auto shapedType = dyn_cast<ShapedType>(resultType))
+    return shapedType.getElementType();
+  return resultType;
+}
+
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
 // ToPtrOp
 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

mlir/lib/Target/LLVMIR/Dialect/Ptr/PtrToLLVMIRTranslation.cpp

@@ -349,6 +349,40 @@ convertConstantOp(ConstantOp constantOp, llvm::IRBuilderBase &builder,
   return success();
 }
 
+/// Convert ptr.ptr_diff operation
+static LogicalResult
+convertPtrDiffOp(PtrDiffOp ptrDiffOp, llvm::IRBuilderBase &builder,
+                 LLVM::ModuleTranslation &moduleTranslation) {
+  llvm::Value *lhs = moduleTranslation.lookupValue(ptrDiffOp.getLhs());
+  llvm::Value *rhs = moduleTranslation.lookupValue(ptrDiffOp.getRhs());
+
+  if (!lhs || !rhs)
+    return ptrDiffOp.emitError("Failed to lookup operands");
+
+  // Convert result type to LLVM type
+  llvm::Type *resultType =
+      moduleTranslation.convertType(ptrDiffOp.getResult().getType());
+  if (!resultType)
+    return ptrDiffOp.emitError("Failed to convert result type");
+
+  PtrDiffFlags flags = ptrDiffOp.getFlags();
+
+  // Convert both pointers to integers using ptrtoaddr, and compute the
+  // difference: lhs - rhs
+  llvm::Value *result = builder.CreateSub(
+      builder.CreatePtrToAddr(lhs), builder.CreatePtrToAddr(rhs), /*Name=*/"",
+      /*HasNUW=*/(flags & PtrDiffFlags::nuw) == PtrDiffFlags::nuw,
+      /*HasNSW=*/(flags & PtrDiffFlags::nsw) == PtrDiffFlags::nsw);
+
+  // Convert the difference to the expected result type by truncating or
+  // extending.
+  if (result->getType() != resultType)
+    result = builder.CreateIntCast(result, resultType, /*isSigned=*/true);
+
+  moduleTranslation.mapValue(ptrDiffOp.getResult(), result);
+  return success();
+}
+
 /// Implementation of the dialect interface that converts operations belonging
 /// to the `ptr` dialect to LLVM IR.
 class PtrDialectLLVMIRTranslationInterface
@@ -369,6 +403,9 @@ class PtrDialectLLVMIRTranslationInterface
         .Case([&](PtrAddOp ptrAddOp) {
           return convertPtrAddOp(ptrAddOp, builder, moduleTranslation);
         })
+        .Case([&](PtrDiffOp ptrDiffOp) {
+          return convertPtrDiffOp(ptrDiffOp, builder, moduleTranslation);
+        })
         .Case([&](LoadOp loadOp) {
           return convertLoadOp(loadOp, builder, moduleTranslation);
         })

mlir/test/Dialect/Ptr/invalid.mlir

@@ -70,3 +70,11 @@ func.func @ptr_add_shape_mismatch(%ptrs: tensor<8x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>>,
   %res = ptr.ptr_add %ptrs, %offsets : tensor<8x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>>, tensor<4xi64>
   return %res : tensor<8x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>>
 }
+
+// -----
+
+func.func @ptr_diff_mismatch(%lhs: tensor<8x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>>, %rhs: tensor<8x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>>) -> vector<8xi64> {
+  // expected-error@+1 {{the result to have the same container type as the operands when operands are shaped}}
+  %res = ptr.ptr_diff %lhs, %rhs : tensor<8x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>> -> vector<8xi64>
+  return %res : vector<8xi64>
+}

mlir/test/Dialect/Ptr/ops.mlir

@@ -211,3 +211,31 @@ func.func @constant_large_address_ops() -> (!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>, !ptr.p
   %addr_large = ptr.constant #ptr.address<0x123456789ABCDEF0> : !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>
   return %addr_max32, %addr_large : !ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>, !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>
 }
+
+/// Test ptr_diff operations with scalar pointers
+func.func @ptr_diff_scalar_ops(%ptr1: !ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>, %ptr2: !ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>) -> (i64, index, i32) {
+  %diff_i64 = ptr.ptr_diff %ptr1, %ptr2 : !ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space> -> i64
+  %diff_index = ptr.ptr_diff %ptr1, %ptr2 : !ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space> -> index
+  %diff_i32 = ptr.ptr_diff nuw %ptr1, %ptr2 : !ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space> -> i32
+  return %diff_i64, %diff_index, %diff_i32 : i64, index, i32
+}
+
+/// Test ptr_diff operations with vector pointers
+func.func @ptr_diff_vector_ops(%ptrs1: vector<4x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>>, %ptrs2: vector<4x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>>) -> (vector<4xi64>, vector<4xindex>) {
+  %diff_i64 = ptr.ptr_diff none %ptrs1, %ptrs2 : vector<4x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>> -> vector<4xi64>
+  %diff_index = ptr.ptr_diff %ptrs1, %ptrs2 : vector<4x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>> -> vector<4xindex>
+  return %diff_i64, %diff_index : vector<4xi64>, vector<4xindex>
+}
+
+/// Test ptr_diff operations with tensor pointers
+func.func @ptr_diff_tensor_ops(%ptrs1: tensor<8x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>>, %ptrs2: tensor<8x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>>) -> (tensor<8xi64>, tensor<8xi32>) {
+  %diff_i64 = ptr.ptr_diff nsw %ptrs1, %ptrs2 : tensor<8x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>> -> tensor<8xi64>
+  %diff_i32 = ptr.ptr_diff nsw | nuw %ptrs1, %ptrs2 : tensor<8x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>> -> tensor<8xi32>
+  return %diff_i64, %diff_i32 : tensor<8xi64>, tensor<8xi32>
+}
+
+/// Test ptr_diff operations with 2D tensor pointers
+func.func @ptr_diff_tensor_2d_ops(%ptrs1: tensor<4x8x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>>, %ptrs2: tensor<4x8x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>>) -> tensor<4x8xi64> {
+  %diff = ptr.ptr_diff %ptrs1, %ptrs2 : tensor<4x8x!ptr.ptr<#ptr.generic_space>> -> tensor<4x8xi64>
+  return %diff : tensor<4x8xi64>
+}

mlir/test/Target/LLVMIR/ptr.mlir

@@ -259,3 +259,99 @@ llvm.func @ptr_add_cst() -> !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>> {
   %res = ptr.ptr_add %ptr, %off : !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>, i32
   llvm.return %res : !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>
 }
+
+// CHECK-LABEL: define i64 @ptr_diff_scalar
+// CHECK-SAME: (ptr %[[PTR1:.*]], ptr %[[PTR2:.*]]) {
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[P1INT:.*]] = ptrtoint ptr %[[PTR1]] to i64
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[P2INT:.*]] = ptrtoint ptr %[[PTR2]] to i64
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[DIFF:.*]] = sub i64 %[[P1INT]], %[[P2INT]]
+// CHECK-NEXT:   ret i64 %[[DIFF]]
+// CHECK-NEXT: }
+llvm.func @ptr_diff_scalar(%ptr1: !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>, %ptr2: !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>) -> i64 {
+  %diff = ptr.ptr_diff %ptr1, %ptr2 : !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>> -> i64
+  llvm.return %diff : i64
+}
+
+// CHECK-LABEL: define i32 @ptr_diff_scalar_i32
+// CHECK-SAME: (ptr %[[PTR1:.*]], ptr %[[PTR2:.*]]) {
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[P1INT:.*]] = ptrtoint ptr %[[PTR1]] to i64
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[P2INT:.*]] = ptrtoint ptr %[[PTR2]] to i64
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[DIFF:.*]] = sub i64 %[[P1INT]], %[[P2INT]]
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[TRUNC:.*]] = trunc i64 %[[DIFF]] to i32
+// CHECK-NEXT:   ret i32 %[[TRUNC]]
+// CHECK-NEXT: }
+llvm.func @ptr_diff_scalar_i32(%ptr1: !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>, %ptr2: !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>) -> i32 {
+  %diff = ptr.ptr_diff %ptr1, %ptr2 : !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>> -> i32
+  llvm.return %diff : i32
+}
+
+// CHECK-LABEL: define <4 x i64> @ptr_diff_vector
+// CHECK-SAME: (<4 x ptr> %[[PTRS1:.*]], <4 x ptr> %[[PTRS2:.*]]) {
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[P1INT:.*]] = ptrtoint <4 x ptr> %[[PTRS1]] to <4 x i64>
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[P2INT:.*]] = ptrtoint <4 x ptr> %[[PTRS2]] to <4 x i64>
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[DIFF:.*]] = sub <4 x i64> %[[P1INT]], %[[P2INT]]
+// CHECK-NEXT:   ret <4 x i64> %[[DIFF]]
+// CHECK-NEXT: }
+llvm.func @ptr_diff_vector(%ptrs1: vector<4x!ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>>, %ptrs2: vector<4x!ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>>) -> vector<4xi64> {
+  %diffs = ptr.ptr_diff %ptrs1, %ptrs2 : vector<4x!ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>> -> vector<4xi64>
+  llvm.return %diffs : vector<4xi64>
+}
+
+// CHECK-LABEL: define <8 x i32> @ptr_diff_vector_i32
+// CHECK-SAME: (<8 x ptr> %[[PTRS1:.*]], <8 x ptr> %[[PTRS2:.*]]) {
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[P1INT:.*]] = ptrtoint <8 x ptr> %[[PTRS1]] to <8 x i64>
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[P2INT:.*]] = ptrtoint <8 x ptr> %[[PTRS2]] to <8 x i64>
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[DIFF:.*]] = sub <8 x i64> %[[P1INT]], %[[P2INT]]
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[TRUNC:.*]] = trunc <8 x i64> %[[DIFF]] to <8 x i32>
+// CHECK-NEXT:   ret <8 x i32> %[[TRUNC]]
+// CHECK-NEXT: }
+llvm.func @ptr_diff_vector_i32(%ptrs1: vector<8x!ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>>, %ptrs2: vector<8x!ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>>) -> vector<8xi32> {
+  %diffs = ptr.ptr_diff %ptrs1, %ptrs2 : vector<8x!ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>> -> vector<8xi32>
+  llvm.return %diffs : vector<8xi32>
+}
+
+// CHECK-LABEL: define i64 @ptr_diff_with_constants() {
+// CHECK-NEXT:   ret i64 4096
+// CHECK-NEXT: }
+llvm.func @ptr_diff_with_constants() -> i64 {
+  %ptr1 = ptr.constant #ptr.address<0x2000> : !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>
+  %ptr2 = ptr.constant #ptr.address<0x1000> : !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>
+  %diff = ptr.ptr_diff %ptr1, %ptr2 : !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>> -> i64
+  llvm.return %diff : i64
+}
+
+// CHECK-LABEL: define i64 @ptr_diff_with_flags_nsw
+// CHECK-SAME: (ptr %[[PTR1:.*]], ptr %[[PTR2:.*]]) {
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[P1INT:.*]] = ptrtoint ptr %[[PTR1]] to i64
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[P2INT:.*]] = ptrtoint ptr %[[PTR2]] to i64
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[DIFF:.*]] = sub nsw i64 %[[P1INT]], %[[P2INT]]
+// CHECK-NEXT:   ret i64 %[[DIFF]]
+// CHECK-NEXT: }
+llvm.func @ptr_diff_with_flags_nsw(%ptr1: !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>, %ptr2: !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>) -> i64 {
+  %diff = ptr.ptr_diff nsw %ptr1, %ptr2 : !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>> -> i64
+  llvm.return %diff : i64
+}
+
+// CHECK-LABEL: define i64 @ptr_diff_with_flags_nuw
+// CHECK-SAME: (ptr %[[PTR1:.*]], ptr %[[PTR2:.*]]) {
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[P1INT:.*]] = ptrtoint ptr %[[PTR1]] to i64
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[P2INT:.*]] = ptrtoint ptr %[[PTR2]] to i64
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[DIFF:.*]] = sub nuw i64 %[[P1INT]], %[[P2INT]]
+// CHECK-NEXT:   ret i64 %[[DIFF]]
+// CHECK-NEXT: }
+llvm.func @ptr_diff_with_flags_nuw(%ptr1: !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>, %ptr2: !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>) -> i64 {
+  %diff = ptr.ptr_diff nuw %ptr1, %ptr2 : !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>> -> i64
+  llvm.return %diff : i64
+}
+
+// CHECK-LABEL: define i64 @ptr_diff_with_flags_nsw_nuw
+// CHECK-SAME: (ptr %[[PTR1:.*]], ptr %[[PTR2:.*]]) {
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[P1INT:.*]] = ptrtoint ptr %[[PTR1]] to i64
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[P2INT:.*]] = ptrtoint ptr %[[PTR2]] to i64
+// CHECK-NEXT:   %[[DIFF:.*]] = sub nuw nsw i64 %[[P1INT]], %[[P2INT]]
+// CHECK-NEXT:   ret i64 %[[DIFF]]
+// CHECK-NEXT: }
+llvm.func @ptr_diff_with_flags_nsw_nuw(%ptr1: !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>, %ptr2: !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>>) -> i64 {
+  %diff = ptr.ptr_diff nsw | nuw %ptr1, %ptr2 : !ptr.ptr<#llvm.address_space<0>> -> i64
+  llvm.return %diff : i64
+}