[Clang] Implement P2747 constexpr placement new (#104586)

The implementation follows the resolution of CWG2922

Author: cor3ntin

clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst

@@ -118,13 +118,16 @@ C++2c Feature Support
 
 - Implemented `P2893R3 Variadic Friends <https://wg21.link/P2893>`_
 
+- Implemented `P2747R2 constexpr placement new <https://wg21.link/P2747R2>`_.
+
 C++23 Feature Support
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 - Removed the restriction to literal types in constexpr functions in C++23 mode.
 
 C++20 Feature Support
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
+
 Resolutions to C++ Defect Reports
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 

clang/include/clang/Basic/DiagnosticASTKinds.td

@@ -333,7 +333,8 @@ def note_constexpr_new : Note<
 def note_constexpr_new_non_replaceable : Note<
   "call to %select{placement|class-specific}0 %1">;
 def note_constexpr_new_placement : Note<
-  "this placement new expression is not yet supported in constant expressions">;
+  "this placement new expression is not supported in constant expressions "
+  "%select{|before C++2c}0">;
 def note_constexpr_placement_new_wrong_type : Note<
   "placement new would change type of storage from %0 to %1">;
 def note_constexpr_new_negative : Note<

clang/lib/AST/ExprConstant.cpp

@@ -6691,7 +6691,9 @@ static bool HandleDestructionImpl(EvalInfo &Info, SourceRange CallRange,
     if (Size && Size > Value.getArrayInitializedElts())
       expandArray(Value, Value.getArraySize() - 1);
 
-    for (; Size != 0; --Size) {
+    // The size of the array might have been reduced by
+    // a placement new.
+    for (Size = Value.getArraySize(); Size != 0; --Size) {
       APValue &Elem = Value.getArrayInitializedElt(Size - 1);
       if (!HandleLValueArrayAdjustment(Info, &LocE, ElemLV, ElemT, -1) ||
           !HandleDestructionImpl(Info, CallRange, ElemLV, Elem, ElemT))
@@ -10003,23 +10005,14 @@ bool PointerExprEvaluator::VisitCXXNewExpr(const CXXNewExpr *E) {
     return false;
 
   FunctionDecl *OperatorNew = E->getOperatorNew();
+  QualType AllocType = E->getAllocatedType();
+  QualType TargetType = AllocType;
 
   bool IsNothrow = false;
   bool IsPlacement = false;
-  if (OperatorNew->isReservedGlobalPlacementOperator() &&
-      Info.CurrentCall->isStdFunction() && !E->isArray()) {
-    // FIXME Support array placement new.
-    assert(E->getNumPlacementArgs() == 1);
-    if (!EvaluatePointer(E->getPlacementArg(0), Result, Info))
-      return false;
-    if (Result.Designator.Invalid)
-      return false;
-    IsPlacement = true;
-  } else if (!OperatorNew->isReplaceableGlobalAllocationFunction()) {
-    Info.FFDiag(E, diag::note_constexpr_new_non_replaceable)
-        << isa<CXXMethodDecl>(OperatorNew) << OperatorNew;
-    return false;
-  } else if (E->getNumPlacementArgs()) {
+
+  if (E->getNumPlacementArgs() == 1 &&
+      E->getPlacementArg(0)->getType()->isNothrowT()) {
     // The only new-placement list we support is of the form (std::nothrow).
     //
     // FIXME: There is no restriction on this, but it's not clear that any
@@ -10030,22 +10023,38 @@ bool PointerExprEvaluator::VisitCXXNewExpr(const CXXNewExpr *E) {
     // (which should presumably be valid only if N is a multiple of
     // alignof(int), and in any case can't be deallocated unless N is
     // alignof(X) and X has new-extended alignment).
-    if (E->getNumPlacementArgs() != 1 ||
-        !E->getPlacementArg(0)->getType()->isNothrowT())
-      return Error(E, diag::note_constexpr_new_placement);
-
     LValue Nothrow;
     if (!EvaluateLValue(E->getPlacementArg(0), Nothrow, Info))
       return false;
     IsNothrow = true;
+  } else if (OperatorNew->isReservedGlobalPlacementOperator()) {
+    if (Info.CurrentCall->isStdFunction() || Info.getLangOpts().CPlusPlus26) {
+      if (!EvaluatePointer(E->getPlacementArg(0), Result, Info))
+        return false;
+      if (Result.Designator.Invalid)
+        return false;
+      TargetType = E->getPlacementArg(0)->getType();
+      IsPlacement = true;
+    } else {
+      Info.FFDiag(E, diag::note_constexpr_new_placement)
+          << /*C++26 feature*/ 1 << E->getSourceRange();
+      return false;
+    }
+  } else if (E->getNumPlacementArgs()) {
+    Info.FFDiag(E, diag::note_constexpr_new_placement)
+        << /*Unsupported*/ 0 << E->getSourceRange();
+    return false;
+  } else if (!OperatorNew->isReplaceableGlobalAllocationFunction()) {
+    Info.FFDiag(E, diag::note_constexpr_new_non_replaceable)
+        << isa<CXXMethodDecl>(OperatorNew) << OperatorNew;
+    return false;
   }
 
   const Expr *Init = E->getInitializer();
   const InitListExpr *ResizedArrayILE = nullptr;
   const CXXConstructExpr *ResizedArrayCCE = nullptr;
   bool ValueInit = false;
 
-  QualType AllocType = E->getAllocatedType();
   if (std::optional<const Expr *> ArraySize = E->getArraySize()) {
     const Expr *Stripped = *ArraySize;
     for (; auto *ICE = dyn_cast<ImplicitCastExpr>(Stripped);
@@ -10139,9 +10148,17 @@ bool PointerExprEvaluator::VisitCXXNewExpr(const CXXNewExpr *E) {
       bool found(APValue &Subobj, QualType SubobjType) {
         // FIXME: Reject the cases where [basic.life]p8 would not permit the
         // old name of the object to be used to name the new object.
-        if (!Info.Ctx.hasSameUnqualifiedType(SubobjType, AllocType)) {
-          Info.FFDiag(E, diag::note_constexpr_placement_new_wrong_type) <<
-            SubobjType << AllocType;
+        unsigned SubobjectSize = 1;
+        unsigned AllocSize = 1;
+        if (auto *CAT = dyn_cast<ConstantArrayType>(AllocType))
+          AllocSize = CAT->getZExtSize();
+        if (auto *CAT = dyn_cast<ConstantArrayType>(SubobjType))
+          SubobjectSize = CAT->getZExtSize();
+        if (SubobjectSize < AllocSize ||
+            !Info.Ctx.hasSimilarType(Info.Ctx.getBaseElementType(SubobjType),
+                                     Info.Ctx.getBaseElementType(AllocType))) {
+          Info.FFDiag(E, diag::note_constexpr_placement_new_wrong_type)
+              << SubobjType << AllocType;
           return false;
         }
         Value = &Subobj;

clang/lib/Frontend/InitPreprocessor.cpp

@@ -660,7 +660,7 @@ static void InitializeCPlusPlusFeatureTestMacros(const LangOptions &LangOpts,
     Builder.defineMacro("__cpp_unicode_literals", "200710L");
     Builder.defineMacro("__cpp_user_defined_literals", "200809L");
     Builder.defineMacro("__cpp_lambdas", "200907L");
-    Builder.defineMacro("__cpp_constexpr", LangOpts.CPlusPlus26   ? "202306L"
+    Builder.defineMacro("__cpp_constexpr", LangOpts.CPlusPlus26   ? "202406L"
                                            : LangOpts.CPlusPlus23 ? "202211L"
                                            : LangOpts.CPlusPlus20 ? "201907L"
                                            : LangOpts.CPlusPlus17 ? "201603L"

clang/test/AST/ByteCode/new-delete.cpp

@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ namespace std {
 namespace PlacementNew {
   constexpr int foo() { // both-error {{never produces a constant expression}}
     char c[sizeof(int)];
-    new (c) int{12}; // ref-note {{call to placement 'operator new'}} \
+    new (c) int{12}; // ref-note {{this placement new expression is not supported in constant expressions before C++2c}} \
                      // expected-note {{subexpression not valid in a constant expression}}
     return 0;
   }
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ namespace placement_new_delete {
   constexpr bool bad(int which) {
     switch (which) {
     case 0:
-      delete new (placement_new_arg{}) int; // ref-note {{call to placement 'operator new'}} \
+      delete new (placement_new_arg{}) int; // ref-note {{this placement new expression is not supported in constant expressions}} \
                                             // expected-note {{subexpression not valid in a constant expression}}
       break;
 
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ namespace placement_new_delete {
     case 4:
       // FIXME: This technically follows the standard's rules, but it seems
       // unreasonable to expect implementations to support this.
-      delete new (std::align_val_t{64}) Overaligned; // ref-note {{placement new expression is not yet supported}} \
+      delete new (std::align_val_t{64}) Overaligned; // ref-note {{this placement new expression is not supported in constant expressions}} \
                                                      // expected-note {{subexpression not valid in a constant expression}}
       break;
     }

clang/test/CXX/drs/cwg29xx.cpp

@@ -23,3 +23,29 @@ struct S {
   friend class C<Ts>::Nested...; // expected-error {{friend declaration expands pack 'Ts' that is declared it its own template parameter list}}
 };
 } // namespace cwg2917
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 202400L
+
+namespace std {
+  using size_t = decltype(sizeof(0));
+};
+void *operator new(std::size_t, void *p) { return p; }
+void* operator new[] (std::size_t, void* p) {return p;}
+
+
+namespace cwg2922 { // cwg2922: 20 open 2024-07-10
+union U { int a, b; };
+constexpr U nondeterministic(bool i) {
+  if(i) {
+    U u;
+    new (&u) int();
+    // expected-note@-1 {{placement new would change type of storage from 'U' to 'int'}}
+    return u;
+  }
+  return {};
+}
+constexpr U _ = nondeterministic(true);
+// expected-error@-1 {{constexpr variable '_' must be initialized by a constant expression}} \
+// expected-note@-1 {{in call to 'nondeterministic(true)'}}
+}
+#endif

clang/test/Lexer/cxx-features.cpp

@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@
 #error "wrong value for __cpp_lambdas"
 #endif
 
-#if check(constexpr, 0, 200704, 201304, 201603, 201907, 202211, 202306)
+#if check(constexpr, 0, 200704, 201304, 201603, 201907, 202211, 202406L)
 #error "wrong value for __cpp_constexpr"
 #endif
 

clang/test/SemaCXX/constant-expression-cxx2a.cpp

@@ -994,7 +994,7 @@ namespace placement_new_delete {
   constexpr bool bad(int which) {
     switch (which) {
     case 0:
-      delete new (placement_new_arg{}) int; // expected-note {{call to placement 'operator new'}}
+      delete new (placement_new_arg{}) int; // expected-note {{this placement new expression is not supported in constant expressions}}
       break;
 
     case 1:
@@ -1012,7 +1012,7 @@ namespace placement_new_delete {
     case 4:
       // FIXME: This technically follows the standard's rules, but it seems
       // unreasonable to expect implementations to support this.
-      delete new (std::align_val_t{64}) Overaligned; // expected-note {{placement new expression is not yet supported}}
+      delete new (std::align_val_t{64}) Overaligned; // expected-note {{this placement new expression is not supported in constant expressions}}
       break;
     }
 

clang/test/SemaCXX/cxx2a-constexpr-dynalloc.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++2a -verify %s -DNEW=__builtin_operator_new -DDELETE=__builtin_operator_delete
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++2a -verify %s "-DNEW=operator new" "-DDELETE=operator delete"
-// RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++2a -verify %s "-DNEW=::operator new" "-DDELETE=::operator delete"
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++2a -verify=expected,cxx20 %s -DNEW=__builtin_operator_new -DDELETE=__builtin_operator_delete
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++2a -verify=expected,cxx20 %s "-DNEW=operator new" "-DDELETE=operator delete"
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++2a -verify=expected,cxx20 %s "-DNEW=::operator new" "-DDELETE=::operator delete"
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++2c -verify=expected,cxx26 %s "-DNEW=::operator new" "-DDELETE=::operator delete"
 
 constexpr bool alloc_from_user_code() {
   void *p = NEW(sizeof(int)); // expected-note {{cannot allocate untyped memory in a constant expression; use 'std::allocator<T>::allocate'}}
@@ -90,9 +91,10 @@ constexpr int no_deallocate_nonalloc = (std::allocator<int>().deallocate((int*)&
 // expected-note@-2 {{declared here}}
 
 void *operator new(std::size_t, void *p) { return p; }
-constexpr bool no_placement_new_in_user_code() { // expected-error {{never produces a constant expression}}
+void* operator new[] (std::size_t, void* p) {return p;}
+constexpr bool no_placement_new_in_user_code() { // cxx20-error {{constexpr function never produces a constant expression}}
   int a;
-  new (&a) int(42); // expected-note {{call to placement 'operator new'}}
+  new (&a) int(42); // cxx20-note {{this placement new expression is not supported in constant expressions before C++2c}}
   return a == 42;
 }
 

clang/test/SemaCXX/cxx2c-constexpr-placement-new.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+// RUN: %clang_cc1 -std=c++2c -verify %s
+
+
+namespace std {
+  using size_t = decltype(sizeof(0));
+}
+
+void *operator new(std::size_t, void *p) { return p; }
+void* operator new[] (std::size_t, void* p) {return p;}
+
+
+consteval int ok() {
+    int i;
+    new (&i) int(0);
+    new (&i) int[1]{1};
+    new (static_cast<void*>(&i)) int(0);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+consteval int conversion() {
+    int i;
+    new (static_cast<void*>(&i)) float(0);
+    // expected-note@-1 {{placement new would change type of storage from 'int' to 'float'}}
+    return 0;
+}
+
+consteval int indeterminate() {
+    int * indeterminate;
+    new (indeterminate) int(0);
+    // expected-note@-1 {{read of uninitialized object is not allowed in a constant expression}}
+    return 0;
+}
+
+consteval int array1() {
+    int i[2];
+    new (&i) int[]{1,2};
+    new (&i) int[]{1};
+    new (&i) int(0);
+    new (static_cast<void*>(&i)) int[]{1,2};
+    new (static_cast<void*>(&i)) int[]{1};
+    return 0;
+}
+
+consteval int array2() {
+    int i[1];
+    new (&i) int[2];
+    //expected-note@-1 {{placement new would change type of storage from 'int[1]' to 'int[2]'}}
+    return 0;
+}
+
+struct S{
+    int* i;
+    constexpr S() : i(new int(42)) {} // #no-deallocation
+    constexpr ~S() {delete i;}
+};
+
+consteval void alloc() {
+    S* s = new S();
+    s->~S();
+    new (s) S();
+    delete s;
+}
+
+
+consteval void alloc_err() {
+    S* s = new S();
+    new (s) S();
+    delete s;
+}
+
+
+
+int a = ok();
+int b = conversion(); // expected-error {{call to consteval function 'conversion' is not a constant expression}} \
+                      // expected-note {{in call to 'conversion()'}}
+int c = indeterminate(); // expected-error {{call to consteval function 'indeterminate' is not a constant expression}} \
+                         // expected-note {{in call to 'indeterminate()'}}
+int d = array1();
+int e = array2(); // expected-error {{call to consteval function 'array2' is not a constant expression}} \
+                  // expected-note {{in call to 'array2()'}}
+int alloc1 = (alloc(), 0);
+int alloc2 = (alloc_err(), 0); // expected-error {{call to consteval function 'alloc_err' is not a constant expression}}
+                               // expected-note@#no-deallocation {{allocation performed here was not deallocated}}
+
+constexpr int *intptr() {
+  return new int;
+}
+
+constexpr bool yay() {
+  int *ptr = new (intptr()) int(42);
+  bool ret = *ptr == 42;
+  delete ptr;
+  return ret;
+}
+static_assert(yay());
+
+constexpr bool blah() {
+  int *ptr = new (intptr()) int[3]{ 1, 2, 3 }; // expected-note {{placement new would change type of storage from 'int' to 'int[3]'}}
+  bool ret = ptr[0] == 1 && ptr[1] == 2 && ptr[2] == 3;
+  delete [] ptr;
+  return ret;
+}
+static_assert(blah()); // expected-error {{not an integral constant expression}} \
+                       // expected-note {{in call to 'blah()'}}
+
+constexpr int *get_indeterminate() {
+  int *evil;
+  return evil; // expected-note {{read of uninitialized object is not allowed in a constant expression}}
+}
+
+constexpr bool bleh() {
+  int *ptr = new (get_indeterminate()) int;  // expected-note {{in call to 'get_indeterminate()'}}
+  return true;
+}
+static_assert(bleh()); // expected-error {{not an integral constant expression}} \
+                        // expected-note {{in call to 'bleh()'}}