[Clang] [Docs] Add some CMake example code for linking against libclang (#166268)

Though we have a few code examples in our documentation that show how to
*use* libclang, we never actually show how to *link* against it. I
myself mostly figured this out through trial and error some time ago,
and I’ve since had to explain it to others on several occasions, so I
thought adding some very minimal CMake example code might be helpful.

Author: Sirraide

clang/docs/LibClang.rst

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ Code example
 
 .. code-block:: cpp
 
+  // main.cpp
   #include <clang-c/Index.h>
   #include <iostream>
 
@@ -57,6 +58,22 @@ Code example
     CXCursor cursor = clang_getTranslationUnitCursor(unit); //Obtain a cursor at the root of the translation unit
   }
 
+.. code-block:: cmake
+
+  # CMakeLists.txt
+  cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
+  project(my_clang_tool VERSION 0.1.0)
+
+  # This will find the default system installation of Clang; if you want to
+  # use a different build of clang, pass -DClang_DIR=/foobar/lib/cmake/clang
+  # to the CMake configure command, where /foobar is the build directory where
+  # you built Clang.
+  find_package(Clang CONFIG REQUIRED)
+
+  add_executable(my_clang_tool main.cpp)
+  target_include_directories(my_clang_tool PRIVATE ${CLANG_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+  target_link_libraries(my_clang_tool PRIVATE libclang)
+
 Visiting elements of an AST
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 The elements of an AST can be recursively visited with pre-order traversal with ``clang_visitChildren``.
@@ -283,6 +300,7 @@ Complete example code
 
 .. code-block:: cpp
 
+  // main.cpp
   #include <clang-c/Index.h>
   #include <iostream>
 
@@ -356,6 +374,21 @@ Complete example code
     );
   }
 
+.. code-block:: cmake
+
+  # CMakeLists.txt
+  cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20)
+  project(my_clang_tool VERSION 0.1.0)
+
+  # This will find the default system installation of Clang; if you want to
+  # use a different build of clang, pass -DClang_DIR=/foobar/lib/cmake/clang
+  # to the CMake configure command, where /foobar is the build directory where
+  # you built Clang.
+  find_package(Clang CONFIG REQUIRED)
+
+  add_executable(my_clang_tool main.cpp)
+  target_include_directories(my_clang_tool PRIVATE ${CLANG_INCLUDE_DIRS})
+  target_link_libraries(my_clang_tool PRIVATE libclang)
 
 .. _Index.h: https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/main/clang/include/clang-c/Index.h