[flang][runtime] Invert component/element loops in assignment (#78341)

The general implementation of intrinsic assignment of derived types in
the runtime support library has a doubly-nested loop: an outer loop that
traverses the components and inner loops than traverse the array
elements. It's done this way to amortize the per-component overhead.
However, this turns out to be wrong when the program cares about the
order in which defined assignment subroutines are called; the Fortran
standard allows less latitude here than we need to invert the ordering
in this way when any component is itself an array. So invert the two
loops: traverse the array elements, and for each element, traverse its
components.

Author: klausler

flang/runtime/assign.cpp

@@ -393,53 +393,45 @@ RT_API_ATTRS static void Assign(
     // Copy the data components (incl. the parent) first.
     const Descriptor &componentDesc{updatedToDerived->component()};
     std::size_t numComponents{componentDesc.Elements()};
-    for (std::size_t k{0}; k < numComponents; ++k) {
-      const auto &comp{
-          *componentDesc.ZeroBasedIndexedElement<typeInfo::Component>(
-              k)}; // TODO: exploit contiguity here
-      // Use PolymorphicLHS for components so that the right things happen
-      // when the components are polymorphic; when they're not, they're both
-      // not, and their declared types will match.
-      int nestedFlags{MaybeReallocate | PolymorphicLHS};
-      if (flags & ComponentCanBeDefinedAssignment) {
-        nestedFlags |= CanBeDefinedAssignment | ComponentCanBeDefinedAssignment;
-      }
-      switch (comp.genre()) {
-      case typeInfo::Component::Genre::Data:
-        if (comp.category() == TypeCategory::Derived) {
-          StaticDescriptor<maxRank, true, 10 /*?*/> statDesc[2];
-          Descriptor &toCompDesc{statDesc[0].descriptor()};
-          Descriptor &fromCompDesc{statDesc[1].descriptor()};
-          for (std::size_t j{0}; j < toElements; ++j,
-               to.IncrementSubscripts(toAt), from.IncrementSubscripts(fromAt)) {
+    for (std::size_t j{0}; j < toElements;
+         ++j, to.IncrementSubscripts(toAt), from.IncrementSubscripts(fromAt)) {
+      for (std::size_t k{0}; k < numComponents; ++k) {
+        const auto &comp{
+            *componentDesc.ZeroBasedIndexedElement<typeInfo::Component>(
+                k)}; // TODO: exploit contiguity here
+        // Use PolymorphicLHS for components so that the right things happen
+        // when the components are polymorphic; when they're not, they're both
+        // not, and their declared types will match.
+        int nestedFlags{MaybeReallocate | PolymorphicLHS};
+        if (flags & ComponentCanBeDefinedAssignment) {
+          nestedFlags |=
+              CanBeDefinedAssignment | ComponentCanBeDefinedAssignment;
+        }
+        switch (comp.genre()) {
+        case typeInfo::Component::Genre::Data:
+          if (comp.category() == TypeCategory::Derived) {
+            StaticDescriptor<maxRank, true, 10 /*?*/> statDesc[2];
+            Descriptor &toCompDesc{statDesc[0].descriptor()};
+            Descriptor &fromCompDesc{statDesc[1].descriptor()};
             comp.CreatePointerDescriptor(toCompDesc, to, terminator, toAt);
             comp.CreatePointerDescriptor(
                 fromCompDesc, from, terminator, fromAt);
             Assign(toCompDesc, fromCompDesc, terminator, nestedFlags);
-          }
-        } else { // Component has intrinsic type; simply copy raw bytes
-          std::size_t componentByteSize{comp.SizeInBytes(to)};
-          for (std::size_t j{0}; j < toElements; ++j,
-               to.IncrementSubscripts(toAt), from.IncrementSubscripts(fromAt)) {
+          } else { // Component has intrinsic type; simply copy raw bytes
+            std::size_t componentByteSize{comp.SizeInBytes(to)};
             Fortran::runtime::memmove(to.Element<char>(toAt) + comp.offset(),
                 from.Element<const char>(fromAt) + comp.offset(),
                 componentByteSize);
           }
-        }
-        break;
-      case typeInfo::Component::Genre::Pointer: {
-        std::size_t componentByteSize{comp.SizeInBytes(to)};
-        for (std::size_t j{0}; j < toElements; ++j,
-             to.IncrementSubscripts(toAt), from.IncrementSubscripts(fromAt)) {
+          break;
+        case typeInfo::Component::Genre::Pointer: {
+          std::size_t componentByteSize{comp.SizeInBytes(to)};
           Fortran::runtime::memmove(to.Element<char>(toAt) + comp.offset(),
               from.Element<const char>(fromAt) + comp.offset(),
               componentByteSize);
-        }
-      } break;
-      case typeInfo::Component::Genre::Allocatable:
-      case typeInfo::Component::Genre::Automatic:
-        for (std::size_t j{0}; j < toElements; ++j,
-             to.IncrementSubscripts(toAt), from.IncrementSubscripts(fromAt)) {
+        } break;
+        case typeInfo::Component::Genre::Allocatable:
+        case typeInfo::Component::Genre::Automatic: {
           auto *toDesc{reinterpret_cast<Descriptor *>(
               to.Element<char>(toAt) + comp.offset())};
           const auto *fromDesc{reinterpret_cast<const Descriptor *>(
@@ -470,18 +462,16 @@ RT_API_ATTRS static void Assign(
           // The actual deallocation may be avoided, if the existing
           // location can be reoccupied.
           Assign(*toDesc, *fromDesc, terminator, nestedFlags | DeallocateLHS);
+        } break;
         }
-        break;
       }
-    }
-    // Copy procedure pointer components
-    const Descriptor &procPtrDesc{updatedToDerived->procPtr()};
-    std::size_t numProcPtrs{procPtrDesc.Elements()};
-    for (std::size_t k{0}; k < numProcPtrs; ++k) {
-      const auto &procPtr{
-          *procPtrDesc.ZeroBasedIndexedElement<typeInfo::ProcPtrComponent>(k)};
-      for (std::size_t j{0}; j < toElements; ++j, to.IncrementSubscripts(toAt),
-           from.IncrementSubscripts(fromAt)) {
+      // Copy procedure pointer components
+      const Descriptor &procPtrDesc{updatedToDerived->procPtr()};
+      std::size_t numProcPtrs{procPtrDesc.Elements()};
+      for (std::size_t k{0}; k < numProcPtrs; ++k) {
+        const auto &procPtr{
+            *procPtrDesc.ZeroBasedIndexedElement<typeInfo::ProcPtrComponent>(
+                k)};
         Fortran::runtime::memmove(to.Element<char>(toAt) + procPtr.offset,
             from.Element<const char>(fromAt) + procPtr.offset,
             sizeof(typeInfo::ProcedurePointer));