[GVN] Restrict equality propagation for pointers (#82458)

This patch does the following:

Adds the following functions:
- replaceDominatedUsesWithIf() that takes a callback.

- canReplacePointersIfEqual(...) returns true if the underlying object
is the same, and for null and const dereferencable pointer replacements.

- canReplacePointersIfEqualInUse(...) returns true for the above as well
as if the use is in icmp/ptrtoint or phi/selects feeding into them.

Updates GVN using the functions above so that the pointer replacements
are only made using the above API.

https://reviews.llvm.org/D143129

Author: UsmanNadeem

llvm/include/llvm/Analysis/Loads.h

@@ -173,14 +173,17 @@ Value *findAvailablePtrLoadStore(const MemoryLocation &Loc, Type *AccessTy,
                                  unsigned MaxInstsToScan, BatchAAResults *AA,
                                  bool *IsLoadCSE, unsigned *NumScanedInst);
 
-/// Returns true if a pointer value \p A can be replace with another pointer
-/// value \B if they are deemed equal through some means (e.g. information from
+/// Returns true if a pointer value \p From can be replaced with another pointer
+/// value \To if they are deemed equal through some means (e.g. information from
 /// conditions).
-/// NOTE: the current implementations is incomplete and unsound. It does not
-/// reject all invalid cases yet, but will be made stricter in the future. In
-/// particular this means returning true means unknown if replacement is safe.
-bool canReplacePointersIfEqual(Value *A, Value *B, const DataLayout &DL,
-                               Instruction *CtxI);
+/// NOTE: The current implementation allows replacement in Icmp and PtrToInt
+/// instructions, as well as when we are replacing with a null pointer.
+/// Additionally it also allows replacement of pointers when both pointers have
+/// the same underlying object.
+bool canReplacePointersIfEqual(const Value *From, const Value *To,
+                               const DataLayout &DL);
+bool canReplacePointersInUseIfEqual(const Use &U, const Value *To,
+                                    const DataLayout &DL);
 }
 
 #endif

llvm/include/llvm/Transforms/Utils/Local.h

@@ -439,6 +439,18 @@ unsigned replaceDominatedUsesWith(Value *From, Value *To, DominatorTree &DT,
 /// the end of the given BasicBlock. Returns the number of replacements made.
 unsigned replaceDominatedUsesWith(Value *From, Value *To, DominatorTree &DT,
                                   const BasicBlock *BB);
+/// Replace each use of 'From' with 'To' if that use is dominated by
+/// the given edge and the callback ShouldReplace returns true. Returns the
+/// number of replacements made.
+unsigned replaceDominatedUsesWithIf(
+    Value *From, Value *To, DominatorTree &DT, const BasicBlockEdge &Edge,
+    function_ref<bool(const Use &U, const Value *To)> ShouldReplace);
+/// Replace each use of 'From' with 'To' if that use is dominated by
+/// the end of the given BasicBlock and the callback ShouldReplace returns true.
+/// Returns the number of replacements made.
+unsigned replaceDominatedUsesWithIf(
+    Value *From, Value *To, DominatorTree &DT, const BasicBlock *BB,
+    function_ref<bool(const Use &U, const Value *To)> ShouldReplace);
 
 /// Return true if this call calls a gc leaf function.
 ///

llvm/lib/Analysis/Loads.cpp

@@ -710,22 +710,62 @@ Value *llvm::FindAvailableLoadedValue(LoadInst *Load, BatchAAResults &AA,
   return Available;
 }
 
-bool llvm::canReplacePointersIfEqual(Value *A, Value *B, const DataLayout &DL,
-                                     Instruction *CtxI) {
-  Type *Ty = A->getType();
-  assert(Ty == B->getType() && Ty->isPointerTy() &&
-         "values must have matching pointer types");
-
-  // NOTE: The checks in the function are incomplete and currently miss illegal
-  // cases! The current implementation is a starting point and the
-  // implementation should be made stricter over time.
-  if (auto *C = dyn_cast<Constant>(B)) {
-    // Do not allow replacing a pointer with a constant pointer, unless it is
-    // either null or at least one byte is dereferenceable.
-    APInt OneByte(DL.getPointerTypeSizeInBits(Ty), 1);
-    return C->isNullValue() ||
-           isDereferenceableAndAlignedPointer(B, Align(1), OneByte, DL, CtxI);
+// Returns true if a use is either in an ICmp/PtrToInt or a Phi/Select that only
+// feeds into them.
+static bool isPointerUseReplacable(const Use &U) {
+  unsigned Limit = 40;
+  SmallVector<const User *> Worklist({U.getUser()});
+  SmallPtrSet<const User *, 8> Visited;
+
+  while (!Worklist.empty() && --Limit) {
+    auto *User = Worklist.pop_back_val();
+    if (!Visited.insert(User).second)
+      continue;
+    if (isa<ICmpInst, PtrToIntInst>(User))
+      continue;
+    if (isa<PHINode, SelectInst>(User))
+      Worklist.append(User->user_begin(), User->user_end());
+    else
+      return false;
   }
 
-  return true;
+  return Limit != 0;
+}
+
+// Returns true if `To` is a null pointer, constant dereferenceable pointer or
+// both pointers have the same underlying objects.
+static bool isPointerAlwaysReplaceable(const Value *From, const Value *To,
+                                       const DataLayout &DL) {
+  // This is not strictly correct, but we do it for now to retain important
+  // optimizations.
+  if (isa<ConstantPointerNull>(To))
+    return true;
+  if (isa<Constant>(To) &&
+      isDereferenceablePointer(To, Type::getInt8Ty(To->getContext()), DL))
+    return true;
+  if (getUnderlyingObject(From) == getUnderlyingObject(To))
+    return true;
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool llvm::canReplacePointersInUseIfEqual(const Use &U, const Value *To,
+                                          const DataLayout &DL) {
+  assert(U->getType() == To->getType() && "values must have matching types");
+  // Not a pointer, just return true.
+  if (!To->getType()->isPointerTy())
+    return true;
+
+  if (isPointerAlwaysReplaceable(&*U, To, DL))
+    return true;
+  return isPointerUseReplacable(U);
+}
+
+bool llvm::canReplacePointersIfEqual(const Value *From, const Value *To,
+                                     const DataLayout &DL) {
+  assert(From->getType() == To->getType() && "values must have matching types");
+  // Not a pointer, just return true.
+  if (!From->getType()->isPointerTy())
+    return true;
+
+  return isPointerAlwaysReplaceable(From, To, DL);
 }

llvm/lib/Transforms/Scalar/GVN.cpp

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "llvm/Analysis/GlobalsModRef.h"
 #include "llvm/Analysis/InstructionPrecedenceTracking.h"
 #include "llvm/Analysis/InstructionSimplify.h"
+#include "llvm/Analysis/Loads.h"
 #include "llvm/Analysis/LoopInfo.h"
 #include "llvm/Analysis/MemoryBuiltins.h"
 #include "llvm/Analysis/MemoryDependenceAnalysis.h"
@@ -2419,6 +2420,10 @@ bool GVNPass::propagateEquality(Value *LHS, Value *RHS,
     if (isa<Constant>(LHS) || (isa<Argument>(LHS) && !isa<Constant>(RHS)))
       std::swap(LHS, RHS);
     assert((isa<Argument>(LHS) || isa<Instruction>(LHS)) && "Unexpected value!");
+    const DataLayout &DL =
+        isa<Argument>(LHS)
+            ? cast<Argument>(LHS)->getParent()->getParent()->getDataLayout()
+            : cast<Instruction>(LHS)->getModule()->getDataLayout();
 
     // If there is no obvious reason to prefer the left-hand side over the
     // right-hand side, ensure the longest lived term is on the right-hand side,
@@ -2445,23 +2450,32 @@ bool GVNPass::propagateEquality(Value *LHS, Value *RHS,
     // using the leader table is about compiling faster, not optimizing better).
     // The leader table only tracks basic blocks, not edges. Only add to if we
     // have the simple case where the edge dominates the end.
-    if (RootDominatesEnd && !isa<Instruction>(RHS))
+    if (RootDominatesEnd && !isa<Instruction>(RHS) &&
+        canReplacePointersIfEqual(LHS, RHS, DL))
       addToLeaderTable(LVN, RHS, Root.getEnd());
 
     // Replace all occurrences of 'LHS' with 'RHS' everywhere in the scope.  As
     // LHS always has at least one use that is not dominated by Root, this will
     // never do anything if LHS has only one use.
     if (!LHS->hasOneUse()) {
+      // Create a callback that captures the DL.
+      auto canReplacePointersCallBack = [&DL](const Use &U, const Value *To) {
+        return canReplacePointersInUseIfEqual(U, To, DL);
+      };
       unsigned NumReplacements =
           DominatesByEdge
-              ? replaceDominatedUsesWith(LHS, RHS, *DT, Root)
-              : replaceDominatedUsesWith(LHS, RHS, *DT, Root.getStart());
-
-      Changed |= NumReplacements > 0;
-      NumGVNEqProp += NumReplacements;
-      // Cached information for anything that uses LHS will be invalid.
-      if (MD)
-        MD->invalidateCachedPointerInfo(LHS);
+              ? replaceDominatedUsesWithIf(LHS, RHS, *DT, Root,
+                                           canReplacePointersCallBack)
+              : replaceDominatedUsesWithIf(LHS, RHS, *DT, Root.getStart(),
+                                           canReplacePointersCallBack);
+
+      if (NumReplacements > 0) {
+        Changed = true;
+        NumGVNEqProp += NumReplacements;
+        // Cached information for anything that uses LHS will be invalid.
+        if (MD)
+          MD->invalidateCachedPointerInfo(LHS);
+      }
     }
 
     // Now try to deduce additional equalities from this one. For example, if

llvm/lib/Transforms/Utils/Local.cpp

@@ -3444,15 +3444,15 @@ void llvm::patchReplacementInstruction(Instruction *I, Value *Repl) {
   combineMetadataForCSE(ReplInst, I, false);
 }
 
-template <typename RootType, typename DominatesFn>
+template <typename RootType, typename ShouldReplaceFn>
 static unsigned replaceDominatedUsesWith(Value *From, Value *To,
                                          const RootType &Root,
-                                         const DominatesFn &Dominates) {
+                                         const ShouldReplaceFn &ShouldReplace) {
   assert(From->getType() == To->getType());
 
   unsigned Count = 0;
   for (Use &U : llvm::make_early_inc_range(From->uses())) {
-    if (!Dominates(Root, U))
+    if (!ShouldReplace(Root, U))
       continue;
     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Replace dominated use of '";
                From->printAsOperand(dbgs());
@@ -3496,6 +3496,26 @@ unsigned llvm::replaceDominatedUsesWith(Value *From, Value *To,
   return ::replaceDominatedUsesWith(From, To, BB, Dominates);
 }
 
+unsigned llvm::replaceDominatedUsesWithIf(
+    Value *From, Value *To, DominatorTree &DT, const BasicBlockEdge &Root,
+    function_ref<bool(const Use &U, const Value *To)> ShouldReplace) {
+  auto DominatesAndShouldReplace =
+      [&DT, &ShouldReplace, To](const BasicBlockEdge &Root, const Use &U) {
+        return DT.dominates(Root, U) && ShouldReplace(U, To);
+      };
+  return ::replaceDominatedUsesWith(From, To, Root, DominatesAndShouldReplace);
+}
+
+unsigned llvm::replaceDominatedUsesWithIf(
+    Value *From, Value *To, DominatorTree &DT, const BasicBlock *BB,
+    function_ref<bool(const Use &U, const Value *To)> ShouldReplace) {
+  auto DominatesAndShouldReplace = [&DT, &ShouldReplace,
+                                    To](const BasicBlock *BB, const Use &U) {
+    return DT.dominates(BB, U) && ShouldReplace(U, To);
+  };
+  return ::replaceDominatedUsesWith(From, To, BB, DominatesAndShouldReplace);
+}
+
 bool llvm::callsGCLeafFunction(const CallBase *Call,
                                const TargetLibraryInfo &TLI) {
   // Check if the function is specifically marked as a gc leaf function.