[flang][fir] Lower do concurrent loop nests to fir.do_concurrent

Adds support for lowering `do concurrent` nests from PFT to the new
`fir.do_concurrent` MLIR op as well as its special terminator
`fir.do_concurrent.loop` which models the actual loop nest.

To that end, this PR emits the allocations for the iteration variables
within the block of the `fir.do_concurrent` op and creates a region for
the `fir.do_concurrent.loop` op that accepts arguments equal in number
to the number of the input `do concurrent` iteration ranges.

For example, given the following input:
```fortran
   do concurrent(i=1:10, j=11:20)
   end do
```
the changes in this PR emit the following MLIR:
```mlir
    fir.do_concurrent {
      %22 = fir.alloca i32 {bindc_name = "i"}
      %23:2 = hlfir.declare %22 {uniq_name = "_QFsub1Ei"} : (!fir.ref<i32>) -> (!fir.ref<i32>, !fir.ref<i32>)
      %24 = fir.alloca i32 {bindc_name = "j"}
      %25:2 = hlfir.declare %24 {uniq_name = "_QFsub1Ej"} : (!fir.ref<i32>) -> (!fir.ref<i32>, !fir.ref<i32>)
      fir.do_concurrent.loop (%arg1, %arg2) = (%18, %20) to (%19, %21) step (%c1, %c1_0) {
        %26 = fir.convert %arg1 : (index) -> i32
        fir.store %26 to %23#0 : !fir.ref<i32>
        %27 = fir.convert %arg2 : (index) -> i32
        fir.store %27 to %25#0 : !fir.ref<i32>
      }
    }
```

Author: ergawy

flang/lib/Lower/Bridge.cpp

@@ -94,10 +94,11 @@ struct IncrementLoopInfo {
   template <typename T>
   explicit IncrementLoopInfo(Fortran::semantics::Symbol &sym, const T &lower,
                              const T &upper, const std::optional<T> &step,
-                             bool isUnordered = false)
+                             bool isConcurrent = false)
       : loopVariableSym{&sym}, lowerExpr{Fortran::semantics::GetExpr(lower)},
         upperExpr{Fortran::semantics::GetExpr(upper)},
-        stepExpr{Fortran::semantics::GetExpr(step)}, isUnordered{isUnordered} {}
+        stepExpr{Fortran::semantics::GetExpr(step)},
+        isConcurrent{isConcurrent} {}
 
   IncrementLoopInfo(IncrementLoopInfo &&) = default;
   IncrementLoopInfo &operator=(IncrementLoopInfo &&x) = default;
@@ -120,7 +121,7 @@ struct IncrementLoopInfo {
   const Fortran::lower::SomeExpr *upperExpr;
   const Fortran::lower::SomeExpr *stepExpr;
   const Fortran::lower::SomeExpr *maskExpr = nullptr;
-  bool isUnordered; // do concurrent, forall
+  bool isConcurrent;
   llvm::SmallVector<const Fortran::semantics::Symbol *> localSymList;
   llvm::SmallVector<const Fortran::semantics::Symbol *> localInitSymList;
   llvm::SmallVector<
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ struct IncrementLoopInfo {
   mlir::Value loopVariable = nullptr;
 
   // Data members for structured loops.
-  fir::DoLoopOp doLoop = nullptr;
+  mlir::Operation *loopOp = nullptr;
 
   // Data members for unstructured loops.
   bool hasRealControl = false;
@@ -1981,7 +1982,7 @@ class FirConverter : public Fortran::lower::AbstractConverter {
     llvm_unreachable("illegal reduction operator");
   }
 
-  /// Collect DO CONCURRENT or FORALL loop control information.
+  /// Collect DO CONCURRENT loop control information.
   IncrementLoopNestInfo getConcurrentControl(
       const Fortran::parser::ConcurrentHeader &header,
       const std::list<Fortran::parser::LocalitySpec> &localityList = {}) {
@@ -2292,8 +2293,14 @@ class FirConverter : public Fortran::lower::AbstractConverter {
     mlir::LLVM::LoopAnnotationAttr la = mlir::LLVM::LoopAnnotationAttr::get(
         builder->getContext(), {}, /*vectorize=*/va, {}, /*unroll*/ ua,
         /*unroll_and_jam*/ uja, {}, {}, {}, {}, {}, {}, {}, {}, {}, {});
-    if (has_attrs)
-      info.doLoop.setLoopAnnotationAttr(la);
+    if (has_attrs) {
+      if (auto loopOp = mlir::dyn_cast<fir::DoLoopOp>(info.loopOp))
+        loopOp.setLoopAnnotationAttr(la);
+
+      if (auto doConcurrentOp =
+              mlir::dyn_cast<fir::DoConcurrentLoopOp>(info.loopOp))
+        doConcurrentOp.setLoopAnnotationAttr(la);
+    }
   }
 
   /// Generate FIR to begin a structured or unstructured increment loop nest.
@@ -2302,96 +2309,77 @@ class FirConverter : public Fortran::lower::AbstractConverter {
       llvm::SmallVectorImpl<const Fortran::parser::CompilerDirective *> &dirs) {
     assert(!incrementLoopNestInfo.empty() && "empty loop nest");
     mlir::Location loc = toLocation();
-    mlir::Operation *boundsAndStepIP = nullptr;
     mlir::arith::IntegerOverflowFlags iofBackup{};
 
+    llvm::SmallVector<mlir::Value> nestLBs;
+    llvm::SmallVector<mlir::Value> nestUBs;
+    llvm::SmallVector<mlir::Value> nestSts;
+    llvm::SmallVector<mlir::Value> nestReduceOperands;
+    llvm::SmallVector<mlir::Attribute> nestReduceAttrs;
+    bool genDoConcurrent = false;
+
     for (IncrementLoopInfo &info : incrementLoopNestInfo) {
-      mlir::Value lowerValue;
-      mlir::Value upperValue;
-      mlir::Value stepValue;
+      genDoConcurrent = info.isStructured() && info.isConcurrent;
 
-      {
-        mlir::OpBuilder::InsertionGuard guard(*builder);
+      if (!genDoConcurrent)
+        info.loopVariable = genLoopVariableAddress(loc, *info.loopVariableSym,
+                                                   info.isConcurrent);
 
-        // Set the IP before the first loop in the nest so that all nest bounds
-        // and step values are created outside the nest.
-        if (boundsAndStepIP)
-          builder->setInsertionPointAfter(boundsAndStepIP);
+      if (!getLoweringOptions().getIntegerWrapAround()) {
+        iofBackup = builder->getIntegerOverflowFlags();
+        builder->setIntegerOverflowFlags(
+            mlir::arith::IntegerOverflowFlags::nsw);
+      }
 
-        info.loopVariable = genLoopVariableAddress(loc, *info.loopVariableSym,
-                                                   info.isUnordered);
-        if (!getLoweringOptions().getIntegerWrapAround()) {
-          iofBackup = builder->getIntegerOverflowFlags();
-          builder->setIntegerOverflowFlags(
-              mlir::arith::IntegerOverflowFlags::nsw);
-        }
-        lowerValue = genControlValue(info.lowerExpr, info);
-        upperValue = genControlValue(info.upperExpr, info);
-        bool isConst = true;
-        stepValue = genControlValue(info.stepExpr, info,
-                                    info.isStructured() ? nullptr : &isConst);
-        if (!getLoweringOptions().getIntegerWrapAround())
-          builder->setIntegerOverflowFlags(iofBackup);
-        boundsAndStepIP = stepValue.getDefiningOp();
-
-        // Use a temp variable for unstructured loops with non-const step.
-        if (!isConst) {
-          info.stepVariable =
-              builder->createTemporary(loc, stepValue.getType());
-          boundsAndStepIP =
-              builder->create<fir::StoreOp>(loc, stepValue, info.stepVariable);
+      nestLBs.push_back(genControlValue(info.lowerExpr, info));
+      nestUBs.push_back(genControlValue(info.upperExpr, info));
+      bool isConst = true;
+      nestSts.push_back(genControlValue(
+          info.stepExpr, info, info.isStructured() ? nullptr : &isConst));
+
+      if (!getLoweringOptions().getIntegerWrapAround())
+        builder->setIntegerOverflowFlags(iofBackup);
+
+      // Use a temp variable for unstructured loops with non-const step.
+      if (!isConst) {
+        mlir::Value stepValue = nestSts.back();
+        info.stepVariable = builder->createTemporary(loc, stepValue.getType());
+        builder->create<fir::StoreOp>(loc, stepValue, info.stepVariable);
+      }
+
+      if (genDoConcurrent && nestReduceOperands.empty()) {
+        // Create DO CONCURRENT reduce operands and attributes
+        for (const auto &reduceSym : info.reduceSymList) {
+          const fir::ReduceOperationEnum reduceOperation = reduceSym.first;
+          const Fortran::semantics::Symbol *sym = reduceSym.second;
+          fir::ExtendedValue exv = getSymbolExtendedValue(*sym, nullptr);
+          nestReduceOperands.push_back(fir::getBase(exv));
+          auto reduceAttr =
+              fir::ReduceAttr::get(builder->getContext(), reduceOperation);
+          nestReduceAttrs.push_back(reduceAttr);
         }
       }
+    }
 
+    for (auto [info, lowerValue, upperValue, stepValue] :
+         llvm::zip_equal(incrementLoopNestInfo, nestLBs, nestUBs, nestSts)) {
       // Structured loop - generate fir.do_loop.
       if (info.isStructured()) {
+        if (genDoConcurrent)
+          continue;
+
+        // The loop variable is a doLoop op argument.
         mlir::Type loopVarType = info.getLoopVariableType();
-        mlir::Value loopValue;
-        if (info.isUnordered) {
-          llvm::SmallVector<mlir::Value> reduceOperands;
-          llvm::SmallVector<mlir::Attribute> reduceAttrs;
-          // Create DO CONCURRENT reduce operands and attributes
-          for (const auto &reduceSym : info.reduceSymList) {
-            const fir::ReduceOperationEnum reduce_operation = reduceSym.first;
-            const Fortran::semantics::Symbol *sym = reduceSym.second;
-            fir::ExtendedValue exv = getSymbolExtendedValue(*sym, nullptr);
-            reduceOperands.push_back(fir::getBase(exv));
-            auto reduce_attr =
-                fir::ReduceAttr::get(builder->getContext(), reduce_operation);
-            reduceAttrs.push_back(reduce_attr);
-          }
-          // The loop variable value is explicitly updated.
-          info.doLoop = builder->create<fir::DoLoopOp>(
-              loc, lowerValue, upperValue, stepValue, /*unordered=*/true,
-              /*finalCountValue=*/false, /*iterArgs=*/std::nullopt,
-              llvm::ArrayRef<mlir::Value>(reduceOperands), reduceAttrs);
-          builder->setInsertionPointToStart(info.doLoop.getBody());
-          loopValue = builder->createConvert(loc, loopVarType,
-                                             info.doLoop.getInductionVar());
-        } else {
-          // The loop variable is a doLoop op argument.
-          info.doLoop = builder->create<fir::DoLoopOp>(
-              loc, lowerValue, upperValue, stepValue, /*unordered=*/false,
-              /*finalCountValue=*/true,
-              builder->createConvert(loc, loopVarType, lowerValue));
-          builder->setInsertionPointToStart(info.doLoop.getBody());
-          loopValue = info.doLoop.getRegionIterArgs()[0];
-        }
+        auto loopOp = builder->create<fir::DoLoopOp>(
+            loc, lowerValue, upperValue, stepValue, /*unordered=*/false,
+            /*finalCountValue=*/true,
+            builder->createConvert(loc, loopVarType, lowerValue));
+        info.loopOp = loopOp;
+        builder->setInsertionPointToStart(loopOp.getBody());
+        mlir::Value loopValue = loopOp.getRegionIterArgs()[0];
+
         // Update the loop variable value in case it has non-index references.
         builder->create<fir::StoreOp>(loc, loopValue, info.loopVariable);
-        if (info.maskExpr) {
-          Fortran::lower::StatementContext stmtCtx;
-          mlir::Value maskCond = createFIRExpr(loc, info.maskExpr, stmtCtx);
-          stmtCtx.finalizeAndReset();
-          mlir::Value maskCondCast =
-              builder->createConvert(loc, builder->getI1Type(), maskCond);
-          auto ifOp = builder->create<fir::IfOp>(loc, maskCondCast,
-                                                 /*withElseRegion=*/false);
-          builder->setInsertionPointToStart(&ifOp.getThenRegion().front());
-        }
-        if (info.hasLocalitySpecs())
-          handleLocalitySpecs(info);
-
         addLoopAnnotationAttr(info, dirs);
         continue;
       }
@@ -2455,6 +2443,60 @@ class FirConverter : public Fortran::lower::AbstractConverter {
         builder->restoreInsertionPoint(insertPt);
       }
     }
+
+    if (genDoConcurrent) {
+      auto loopWrapperOp = builder->create<fir::DoConcurrentOp>(loc);
+      builder->setInsertionPointToStart(
+          builder->createBlock(&loopWrapperOp.getRegion()));
+
+      for (IncrementLoopInfo &info : llvm::reverse(incrementLoopNestInfo)) {
+        info.loopVariable = genLoopVariableAddress(loc, *info.loopVariableSym,
+                                                   info.isConcurrent);
+      }
+
+      builder->setInsertionPointToEnd(loopWrapperOp.getBody());
+      auto loopOp = builder->create<fir::DoConcurrentLoopOp>(
+          loc, nestLBs, nestUBs, nestSts, nestReduceOperands,
+          nestReduceAttrs.empty()
+              ? nullptr
+              : mlir::ArrayAttr::get(builder->getContext(), nestReduceAttrs),
+          nullptr);
+
+      llvm::SmallVector<mlir::Type> loopBlockArgTypes(
+          incrementLoopNestInfo.size(), builder->getIndexType());
+      llvm::SmallVector<mlir::Location> loopBlockArgLocs(
+          incrementLoopNestInfo.size(), loc);
+      mlir::Region &loopRegion = loopOp.getRegion();
+      mlir::Block *loopBlock = builder->createBlock(
+          &loopRegion, loopRegion.begin(), loopBlockArgTypes, loopBlockArgLocs);
+      builder->setInsertionPointToStart(loopBlock);
+
+      for (auto [info, blockArg] :
+           llvm::zip_equal(incrementLoopNestInfo, loopBlock->getArguments())) {
+        info.loopOp = loopOp;
+        mlir::Value loopValue =
+            builder->createConvert(loc, info.getLoopVariableType(), blockArg);
+        builder->create<fir::StoreOp>(loc, loopValue, info.loopVariable);
+
+        if (info.maskExpr) {
+          Fortran::lower::StatementContext stmtCtx;
+          mlir::Value maskCond = createFIRExpr(loc, info.maskExpr, stmtCtx);
+          stmtCtx.finalizeAndReset();
+          mlir::Value maskCondCast =
+              builder->createConvert(loc, builder->getI1Type(), maskCond);
+          auto ifOp = builder->create<fir::IfOp>(loc, maskCondCast,
+                                                 /*withElseRegion=*/false);
+          builder->setInsertionPointToStart(&ifOp.getThenRegion().front());
+        }
+      }
+
+      IncrementLoopInfo &innermostInfo = incrementLoopNestInfo.back();
+
+      if (innermostInfo.hasLocalitySpecs())
+        handleLocalitySpecs(innermostInfo);
+
+      addLoopAnnotationAttr(innermostInfo, dirs);
+    }
   }
 
   /// Generate FIR to end a structured or unstructured increment loop nest.
@@ -2471,29 +2513,31 @@ class FirConverter : public Fortran::lower::AbstractConverter {
          it != rend; ++it) {
       IncrementLoopInfo &info = *it;
       if (info.isStructured()) {
-        // End fir.do_loop.
-        if (info.isUnordered) {
-          builder->setInsertionPointAfter(info.doLoop);
+        // End fir.do_concurent.loop.
+        if (info.isConcurrent) {
+          builder->setInsertionPointAfter(info.loopOp->getParentOp());
           continue;
         }
+
+        // End fir.do_loop.
         // Decrement tripVariable.
-        builder->setInsertionPointToEnd(info.doLoop.getBody());
+        auto doLoopOp = mlir::cast<fir::DoLoopOp>(info.loopOp);
+        builder->setInsertionPointToEnd(doLoopOp.getBody());
         llvm::SmallVector<mlir::Value, 2> results;
         results.push_back(builder->create<mlir::arith::AddIOp>(
-            loc, info.doLoop.getInductionVar(), info.doLoop.getStep(),
-            iofAttr));
+            loc, doLoopOp.getInductionVar(), doLoopOp.getStep(), iofAttr));
         // Step loopVariable to help optimizations such as vectorization.
         // Induction variable elimination will clean up as necessary.
         mlir::Value step = builder->createConvert(
-            loc, info.getLoopVariableType(), info.doLoop.getStep());
+            loc, info.getLoopVariableType(), doLoopOp.getStep());
         mlir::Value loopVar =
             builder->create<fir::LoadOp>(loc, info.loopVariable);
         results.push_back(
             builder->create<mlir::arith::AddIOp>(loc, loopVar, step, iofAttr));
         builder->create<fir::ResultOp>(loc, results);
-        builder->setInsertionPointAfter(info.doLoop);
+        builder->setInsertionPointAfter(doLoopOp);
         // The loop control variable may be used after the loop.
-        builder->create<fir::StoreOp>(loc, info.doLoop.getResult(1),
+        builder->create<fir::StoreOp>(loc, doLoopOp.getResult(1),
                                       info.loopVariable);
         continue;
       }

flang/lib/Optimizer/Builder/FIRBuilder.cpp

@@ -280,6 +280,9 @@ mlir::Block *fir::FirOpBuilder::getAllocaBlock() {
   if (auto cufKernelOp = getRegion().getParentOfType<cuf::KernelOp>())
     return &cufKernelOp.getRegion().front();
 
+  if (auto doConcurentOp = getRegion().getParentOfType<fir::DoConcurrentOp>())
+    return doConcurentOp.getBody();
+
   return getEntryBlock();
 }
 

flang/test/Lower/do_concurrent.f90

@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@ subroutine sub1(n)
    implicit none
    integer :: n, m, i, j, k
    integer, dimension(n) :: a
+!CHECK: %[[N_DECL:.*]]:2 = hlfir.declare %{{.*}} dummy_scope %{{.*}} {uniq_name = "_QFsub1En"}
+!CHECK: %[[A_DECL:.*]]:2 = hlfir.declare %{{.*}}(%{{.*}}) {uniq_name = "_QFsub1Ea"}
+
 !CHECK: %[[LB1:.*]] = arith.constant 1 : i32
 !CHECK: %[[LB1_CVT:.*]] = fir.convert %[[LB1]] : (i32) -> index
 !CHECK: %[[UB1:.*]] = fir.load %{{.*}}#0 : !fir.ref<i32>
@@ -29,10 +32,30 @@ subroutine sub1(n)
 !CHECK: %[[UB3:.*]] = arith.constant 10 : i32
 !CHECK: %[[UB3_CVT:.*]] = fir.convert %[[UB3]] : (i32) -> index
 
-!CHECK: fir.do_loop %{{.*}} = %[[LB1_CVT]] to %[[UB1_CVT]] step %{{.*}} unordered
-!CHECK: fir.do_loop %{{.*}} = %[[LB2_CVT]] to %[[UB2_CVT]] step %{{.*}} unordered
-!CHECK: fir.do_loop %{{.*}} = %[[LB3_CVT]] to %[[UB3_CVT]] step %{{.*}} unordered
+!CHECK: fir.do_concurrent
+!CHECK:   %[[I:.*]] = fir.alloca i32 {bindc_name = "i"}
+!CHECK:   %[[I_DECL:.*]]:2 = hlfir.declare %[[I]]
+!CHECK:   %[[J:.*]] = fir.alloca i32 {bindc_name = "j"}
+!CHECK:   %[[J_DECL:.*]]:2 = hlfir.declare %[[J]]
+!CHECK:   %[[K:.*]] = fir.alloca i32 {bindc_name = "k"}
+!CHECK:   %[[K_DECL:.*]]:2 = hlfir.declare %[[K]]
+
+!CHECK:   fir.do_concurrent.loop (%[[I_IV:.*]], %[[J_IV:.*]], %[[K_IV:.*]]) =
+!CHECK-SAME:                     (%[[LB1_CVT]], %[[LB2_CVT]], %[[LB3_CVT]]) to
+!CHECK-SAME:                     (%[[UB1_CVT]], %[[UB2_CVT]], %[[UB3_CVT]]) step
+!CHECK-SAME:                     (%{{.*}}, %{{.*}}, %{{.*}}) {
+!CHECK:       %[[I_IV_CVT:.*]] = fir.convert %[[I_IV]] : (index) -> i32
+!CHECK:       fir.store %[[I_IV_CVT]] to %[[I_DECL]]#0 : !fir.ref<i32>
+!CHECK:       %[[J_IV_CVT:.*]] = fir.convert %[[J_IV]] : (index) -> i32
+!CHECK:       fir.store %[[J_IV_CVT]] to %[[J_DECL]]#0 : !fir.ref<i32>
+!CHECK:       %[[K_IV_CVT:.*]] = fir.convert %[[K_IV]] : (index) -> i32
+!CHECK:       fir.store %[[K_IV_CVT]] to %[[K_DECL]]#0 : !fir.ref<i32>
 
+!CHECK:       %[[N_VAL:.*]] = fir.load %[[N_DECL]]#0 : !fir.ref<i32>
+!CHECK:       %[[I_VAL:.*]] = fir.load %[[I_DECL]]#0 : !fir.ref<i32>
+!CHECK:       %[[I_VAL_CVT:.*]] = fir.convert %[[I_VAL]] : (i32) -> i64
+!CHECK:       %[[A_ELEM:.*]] = hlfir.designate %[[A_DECL]]#0 (%[[I_VAL_CVT]])
+!CHECK:       hlfir.assign %[[N_VAL]] to %[[A_ELEM]] : i32, !fir.ref<i32>
    do concurrent(i=1:n, j=1:bar(n*m, n/m), k=5:10)
       a(i) = n
    end do
@@ -45,22 +68,24 @@ subroutine sub2(n)
    integer, dimension(n) :: a
 !CHECK: %[[LB1:.*]] = arith.constant 1 : i32
 !CHECK: %[[LB1_CVT:.*]] = fir.convert %[[LB1]] : (i32) -> index
-!CHECK: %[[UB1:.*]] = fir.load %5#0 : !fir.ref<i32>
+!CHECK: %[[UB1:.*]] = fir.load %{{.*}}#0 : !fir.ref<i32>
 !CHECK: %[[UB1_CVT:.*]] = fir.convert %[[UB1]] : (i32) -> index
-!CHECK: fir.do_loop %{{.*}} = %[[LB1_CVT]] to %[[UB1_CVT]] step %{{.*}} unordered
+!CHECK: fir.do_concurrent
+!CHECK:   fir.do_concurrent.loop (%{{.*}}) = (%[[LB1_CVT]]) to (%[[UB1_CVT]]) step (%{{.*}})
+
 !CHECK: %[[LB2:.*]] = arith.constant 1 : i32
 !CHECK: %[[LB2_CVT:.*]] = fir.convert %[[LB2]] : (i32) -> index
 !CHECK: %[[UB2:.*]] = fir.call @_QPbar(%{{.*}}, %{{.*}}) proc_attrs<pure> fastmath<contract> : (!fir.ref<i32>, !fir.ref<i32>) -> i32
 !CHECK: %[[UB2_CVT:.*]] = fir.convert %[[UB2]] : (i32) -> index
-!CHECK: fir.do_loop %{{.*}} = %[[LB2_CVT]] to %[[UB2_CVT]] step %{{.*}} unordered
+!CHECK: fir.do_concurrent
+!CHECK:   fir.do_concurrent.loop (%{{.*}}) = (%[[LB2_CVT]]) to (%[[UB2_CVT]]) step (%{{.*}})
    do concurrent(i=1:n)
       do concurrent(j=1:bar(n*m, n/m))
          a(i) = n
       end do
    end do
 end subroutine
 
-
 !CHECK-LABEL: unstructured
 subroutine unstructured(inner_step)
   integer(4) :: i, j, inner_step