[CIR] Only emit FP math intrinsics when precision/errno settings allow it (#169424)

Depending on the compiler CLI options, attributes near the call site and
pragmas we might not be allowed to emit a call to an intrinsic (e.g. if
it does not set errno and we expect it to be set). This is checked by
`shouldGenerateFPMathIntrinsic` (shared with classing codegen).

This commit adds this check and additionally adds remaining cases in the
switch statement for math builtins.

Author: HendrikHuebner