diff --git a/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst b/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst
index 44c38396c764f..82d2e60ccc077 100644
--- a/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst
+++ b/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst
@@ -589,6 +589,7 @@ Bug Fixes in This Version
 - Fixed a crash with an invalid member function parameter list with a default
   argument which contains a pragma. (#GH113722)
 - Fixed assertion failures when generating name lookup table in modules. (#GH61065, #GH134739)
+- Fixed an assertion failure in constant compound literal statements. (#GH139160)
 
 Bug Fixes to Compiler Builtins
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
diff --git a/clang/lib/Sema/SemaExpr.cpp b/clang/lib/Sema/SemaExpr.cpp
index 2c81f7c583eb6..08a3fec7de5e5 100644
--- a/clang/lib/Sema/SemaExpr.cpp
+++ b/clang/lib/Sema/SemaExpr.cpp
@@ -7241,10 +7241,20 @@ Sema::BuildCompoundLiteralExpr(SourceLocation LParenLoc, TypeSourceInfo *TInfo,
           ? VK_PRValue
           : VK_LValue;
 
+  // C99 6.5.2.5
+  //  "If the compound literal occurs outside the body of a function, the
+  //  initializer list shall consist of constant expressions."
   if (IsFileScope)
     if (auto ILE = dyn_cast<InitListExpr>(LiteralExpr))
       for (unsigned i = 0, j = ILE->getNumInits(); i != j; i++) {
         Expr *Init = ILE->getInit(i);
+        if (!Init->isTypeDependent() && !Init->isValueDependent() &&
+            !Init->isConstantInitializer(Context, /*IsForRef=*/false)) {
+          Diag(Init->getExprLoc(), diag::err_init_element_not_constant)
+              << Init->getSourceBitField();
+          return ExprError();
+        }
+
         ILE->setInit(i, ConstantExpr::Create(Context, Init));
       }
 
diff --git a/clang/test/SemaCXX/cxx2a-consteval.cpp b/clang/test/SemaCXX/cxx2a-consteval.cpp
index d9d144cafdbcc..d9932e4dd8241 100644
--- a/clang/test/SemaCXX/cxx2a-consteval.cpp
+++ b/clang/test/SemaCXX/cxx2a-consteval.cpp
@@ -1300,3 +1300,25 @@ void foo() {
 }
 
 }
+
+// https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/139160
+namespace GH139160{
+  // original test case taken from Github
+  struct A {int x[1]; }; 
+  A f(); // expected-note {{declared here}}
+  typedef int *t[];
+  consteval int* f(int* x) { return x; }
+
+  int ** x = (t){f(f().x)}; // expected-error    {{call to consteval function 'GH139160::f' is not a constant expression}}
+                            // expected-note@-1  {{non-constexpr function 'f' cannot be used in a constant expression}}
+                            // expected-error@-2 {{initializer element is not a compile-time constant}} 
+
+  struct B {int value, value_two;};
+  B make_struct() {return {10, 20};} // expected-note {{declared here}}
+  consteval int get_value(B container) {return container.value;}
+  B result = (B){10, get_value(make_struct())}; // expected-error {{initializer element is not a compile-time constant}} 
+                                                // expected-error@-1 {{call to consteval function 'GH139160::get_value' is not a constant expression}}
+                                                // expected-note@-2  {{non-constexpr function 'make_struct' cannot be used in a constant expression}}
+};
+
+