audio-to-audio.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright 2025 Google LLC
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

"""
This script lets you talk to Gemini

## Setup

To install the dependencies for this script, run:

```
brew install portaudio
pip install -U google-genai pyaudio
```

## API key

Ensure the `GEMINI_API_KEY` environment variable is set to the api-key
you obtained from Google AI Studio.

## Run

Important: **Use headphones**. This script uses the system default audio
input and output, which often won't include echo cancellation. So to prevent
the model from interrupting itself it is important that you use headphones. 

To run the script:

```
python audio-to-audio.py
```

Start talking to Gemini
"""

import asyncio
import os
import sys
import traceback

import pyaudio

from google import genai

if sys.version_info < (3, 11, 0):
    import taskgroup, exceptiongroup

    asyncio.TaskGroup = taskgroup.TaskGroup
    asyncio.ExceptionGroup = exceptiongroup.ExceptionGroup

FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16
CHANNELS = 1
SEND_SAMPLE_RATE = 16000
RECEIVE_SAMPLE_RATE = 24000
CHUNK_SIZE = 1024

pya = pyaudio.PyAudio()

client = genai.Client(api_key=os.getenv("GEMINI_API_KEY"))

MODEL = "gemini-live-2.5-flash-preview"
CONFIG = {"response_modalities": ["AUDIO"]}


class AudioLoop:
    def __init__(self):
        self.audio_in_queue = None
        self.out_queue = None

        self.session = None

        self.audio_stream = None

        self.receive_audio_task = None
        self.play_audio_task = None


    async def listen_audio(self):
        mic_info = pya.get_default_input_device_info()
        self.audio_stream = await asyncio.to_thread(
            pya.open,
            format=FORMAT,
            channels=CHANNELS,
            rate=SEND_SAMPLE_RATE,
            input=True,
            input_device_index=mic_info["index"],
            frames_per_buffer=CHUNK_SIZE,
        )
        if __debug__:
            kwargs = {"exception_on_overflow": False}
        else:
            kwargs = {}
        while True:
            data = await asyncio.to_thread(self.audio_stream.read, CHUNK_SIZE, **kwargs)
            await self.out_queue.put({"data": data, "mime_type": "audio/pcm"})

    async def send_realtime(self):
        while True:
            msg = await self.out_queue.get()
            await self.session.send_realtime_input(audio=msg)

    async def receive_audio(self):
        "Background task to reads from the websocket and write pcm chunks to the output queue"
        while True:
            turn = self.session.receive()
            async for response in turn:
                if data := response.data:
                    self.audio_in_queue.put_nowait(data)
                    continue
                if text := response.text:
                    print(text, end="")

            # If you interrupt the model, it sends a turn_complete.
            # For interruptions to work, we need to stop playback.
            # So empty out the audio queue because it may have loaded
            # much more audio than has played yet.
            while not self.audio_in_queue.empty():
                self.audio_in_queue.get_nowait()

    async def play_audio(self):
        stream = await asyncio.to_thread(
            pya.open,
            format=FORMAT,
            channels=CHANNELS,
            rate=RECEIVE_SAMPLE_RATE,
            output=True,
        )
        while True:
            bytestream = await self.audio_in_queue.get()
            await asyncio.to_thread(stream.write, bytestream)

    async def run(self):
        try:
            async with (
                client.aio.live.connect(model=MODEL, config=CONFIG) as session,
                asyncio.TaskGroup() as tg,
            ):
                print("Session connected, you can now start talking.")
                self.session = session

                self.audio_in_queue = asyncio.Queue()
                self.out_queue = asyncio.Queue(maxsize=5)

                tg.create_task(self.send_realtime())
                tg.create_task(self.listen_audio())
                tg.create_task(self.receive_audio())
                tg.create_task(self.play_audio())
        except asyncio.CancelledError:
            pass
        except ExceptionGroup as EG:
            if self.audio_stream:
                self.audio_stream.close()
            traceback.print_exception(EG)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    loop = AudioLoop()
    asyncio.run(loop.run())