Python/Ruby/JS Crypto: Add a few algorithms + block modes

I have tried to add a few links to support the claim that these
algorithms are strong/safe. It wasn't always super easy, so in some
cases I have ended up just linking to the documentation of the
`cryptography` Python package.

Co-authored-by: REDMOND\brodes <[email protected]>

Author: RasmusWL

python/ql/lib/semmle/python/concepts/internal/CryptoAlgorithmNames.qll

@@ -14,8 +14,20 @@
 predicate isStrongHashingAlgorithm(string name) {
   name =
     [
+      // see https://cryptography.io/en/latest/hazmat/primitives/cryptographic-hashes/#blake2
+      // and https://www.blake2.net/
+      "BLAKE2", "BLAKE2B", "BLAKE2S",
+      // see https://github.com/BLAKE3-team/BLAKE3
+      "BLAKE3",
+      //
       "DSA", "ED25519", "ES256", "ECDSA256", "ES384", "ECDSA384", "ES512", "ECDSA512", "SHA2",
-      "SHA224", "SHA256", "SHA384", "SHA512", "SHA3", "SHA3224", "SHA3256", "SHA3384", "SHA3512"
+      "SHA224", "SHA256", "SHA384", "SHA512", "SHA3", "SHA3224", "SHA3256", "SHA3384", "SHA3512",
+      // see https://cryptography.io/en/latest/hazmat/primitives/cryptographic-hashes/#cryptography.hazmat.primitives.hashes.SHAKE128
+      "SHAKE128", "SHAKE256",
+      // see https://cryptography.io/en/latest/hazmat/primitives/cryptographic-hashes/#sm3
+      "SM3",
+      // see https://security.stackexchange.com/a/216297
+      "WHIRLPOOL",
     ]
 }
 

python/ql/lib/semmle/python/internal/ConceptsShared.qll

@@ -81,7 +81,14 @@ module Cryptography {
    * data of arbitrary length using a block encryption algorithm.
    */
   class BlockMode extends string {
-    BlockMode() { this = ["ECB", "CBC", "GCM", "CCM", "CFB", "OFB", "CTR", "OPENPGP"] }
+    BlockMode() {
+      this =
+        [
+          "ECB", "CBC", "GCM", "CCM", "CFB", "OFB", "CTR", "OPENPGP",
+          "XTS", // https://csrc.nist.gov/publications/detail/sp/800-38e/final
+          "EAX" // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EAX_mode
+        ]
+    }
 
     /** Holds if this block mode is considered to be insecure. */
     predicate isWeak() { this = "ECB" }