feat: no config debug

[wenytang-ms]

Feature request #1530

This PR introduces a configuration-less debugging experience for Java applications, similar to the JavaScript Debug Terminal in VS Code. Users can now debug Java programs directly from the terminal without creating or maintaining launch.json files.

Usage Examples
Basic Usage

# Instead of: java -cp . com.example.Main
javadebug -cp . com.example.Main

With JAR Files

javadebug -jar target/myapp.jar

Spring Boot Applications

javadebug -jar myapp.jar --spring.profiles.active=dev

Demo Record

[wenytang-ms]

python implementation
microsoft/vscode-python-debugger#557

[wenytang-ms]

@chagong Adjust the code to align the Java calling order

Priority	Main Debug (launch.json)	NoConfigDebug
1	User-specified javaExec	JAVA_HOME environment variable
2	Java from Language Server	VSCODE_JAVA_EXEC (Language Server)
3	(Implicit) System PATH	java command in system PATH