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| 1 | +# Karma Unit Testing Guide for eForm Angular Frontend |
| 2 | + |
| 3 | +## Overview |
| 4 | + |
| 5 | +This document describes the unit testing approach and patterns used for testing Angular components and services in the eform-client/src/app/modules directory. |
| 6 | + |
| 7 | +## Test Infrastructure |
| 8 | + |
| 9 | +### Tools & Frameworks |
| 10 | +- **Jasmine**: Behavior-driven testing framework |
| 11 | +- **Karma**: Test runner for executing tests in browsers |
| 12 | +- **Angular Testing Utilities**: `TestBed`, `ComponentFixture`, etc. |
| 13 | + |
| 14 | +### Configuration Files |
| 15 | +- `src/karma.conf.js`: Karma configuration with increased timeouts for CI/CD |
| 16 | +- `src/test.ts`: Test entry point with zone.js and Jasmine setup |
| 17 | +- `src/tsconfig.spec.json`: TypeScript configuration for tests |
| 18 | + |
| 19 | +### Running Tests |
| 20 | + |
| 21 | +```bash |
| 22 | +# Run all tests |
| 23 | +ng test |
| 24 | + |
| 25 | +# Run tests in headless mode (for CI/CD) |
| 26 | +ng test --watch=false --browsers=ChromeHeadless |
| 27 | + |
| 28 | +# Run with code coverage |
| 29 | +ng test --code-coverage |
| 30 | +``` |
| 31 | + |
| 32 | +## Testing Patterns and Best Practices |
| 33 | + |
| 34 | +### 1. Component Testing Structure |
| 35 | + |
| 36 | +Every component test file should follow this structure: |
| 37 | + |
| 38 | +```typescript |
| 39 | +import { ComponentFixture, TestBed, waitForAsync } from '@angular/core/testing'; |
| 40 | +import { ComponentName } from './component-name.component'; |
| 41 | +// Import dependencies... |
| 42 | + |
| 43 | +describe('ComponentName', () => { |
| 44 | + let component: ComponentName; |
| 45 | + let fixture: ComponentFixture<ComponentName>; |
| 46 | + let mockService: jasmine.SpyObj<ServiceName>; |
| 47 | + |
| 48 | + beforeEach(waitForAsync(() => { |
| 49 | + // Create spy objects for dependencies |
| 50 | + mockService = jasmine.createSpyObj('ServiceName', ['method1', 'method2']); |
| 51 | + |
| 52 | + TestBed.configureTestingModule({ |
| 53 | + declarations: [ComponentName], |
| 54 | + providers: [ |
| 55 | + { provide: ServiceName, useValue: mockService }, |
| 56 | + // ... other providers |
| 57 | + ] |
| 58 | + }).compileComponents(); |
| 59 | + })); |
| 60 | + |
| 61 | + beforeEach(() => { |
| 62 | + fixture = TestBed.createComponent(ComponentName); |
| 63 | + component = fixture.componentInstance; |
| 64 | + }); |
| 65 | + |
| 66 | + it('should create', () => { |
| 67 | + expect(component).toBeTruthy(); |
| 68 | + }); |
| 69 | + |
| 70 | + // Additional tests... |
| 71 | +}); |
| 72 | +``` |
| 73 | + |
| 74 | +### 2. Mocking Services |
| 75 | + |
| 76 | +Always mock external dependencies using Jasmine spies: |
| 77 | + |
| 78 | +```typescript |
| 79 | +// Create a spy object |
| 80 | +mockService = jasmine.createSpyObj('ServiceName', ['getAllItems', 'createItem']); |
| 81 | + |
| 82 | +// Configure return values |
| 83 | +mockService.getAllItems.and.returnValue(of({ |
| 84 | + success: true, |
| 85 | + message: '', |
| 86 | + model: [] |
| 87 | +})); |
| 88 | + |
| 89 | +// Verify method calls |
| 90 | +expect(mockService.getAllItems).toHaveBeenCalled(); |
| 91 | +expect(mockService.createItem).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expectedData); |
| 92 | +``` |
| 93 | + |
| 94 | +### 3. Mocking Angular Material Dialog |
| 95 | + |
| 96 | +```typescript |
| 97 | +let mockDialog: jasmine.SpyObj<MatDialog>; |
| 98 | + |
| 99 | +beforeEach(() => { |
| 100 | + mockDialog = jasmine.createSpyObj('MatDialog', ['open']); |
| 101 | +}); |
| 102 | + |
| 103 | +// In tests |
| 104 | +const mockDialogRef = { |
| 105 | + afterClosed: () => of(true) // or of(false) for cancellation |
| 106 | +}; |
| 107 | +mockDialog.open.and.returnValue(mockDialogRef as any); |
| 108 | +``` |
| 109 | + |
| 110 | +### 4. Mocking NgRx Store |
| 111 | + |
| 112 | +```typescript |
| 113 | +let mockStore: jasmine.SpyObj<Store>; |
| 114 | + |
| 115 | +beforeEach(() => { |
| 116 | + mockStore = jasmine.createSpyObj('Store', ['select', 'dispatch']); |
| 117 | + mockStore.select.and.returnValue(of(true)); // or appropriate selector value |
| 118 | +}); |
| 119 | +``` |
| 120 | + |
| 121 | +### 5. Mocking TranslateService |
| 122 | + |
| 123 | +```typescript |
| 124 | +let mockTranslateService: jasmine.SpyObj<TranslateService>; |
| 125 | + |
| 126 | +beforeEach(() => { |
| 127 | + mockTranslateService = jasmine.createSpyObj('TranslateService', ['stream', 'instant']); |
| 128 | + mockTranslateService.stream.and.returnValue(of('Translated Text')); |
| 129 | +}); |
| 130 | +``` |
| 131 | + |
| 132 | +### 6. Testing Observable-Based Methods |
| 133 | + |
| 134 | +```typescript |
| 135 | +describe('loadAllItems', () => { |
| 136 | + it('should load items successfully', () => { |
| 137 | + const mockItems: ItemDto[] = [ |
| 138 | + { id: 1, name: 'Item 1' } as ItemDto, |
| 139 | + { id: 2, name: 'Item 2' } as ItemDto |
| 140 | + ]; |
| 141 | + const mockResult: OperationDataResult<Array<ItemDto>> = { |
| 142 | + success: true, |
| 143 | + message: '', |
| 144 | + model: mockItems |
| 145 | + }; |
| 146 | + mockService.getAllItems.and.returnValue(of(mockResult)); |
| 147 | + |
| 148 | + component.loadAllItems(); |
| 149 | + |
| 150 | + expect(mockService.getAllItems).toHaveBeenCalled(); |
| 151 | + expect(component.items).toEqual(mockItems); |
| 152 | + }); |
| 153 | + |
| 154 | + it('should handle unsuccessful response', () => { |
| 155 | + const mockResult: OperationDataResult<Array<ItemDto>> = { |
| 156 | + success: false, |
| 157 | + message: 'Error message', |
| 158 | + model: null |
| 159 | + }; |
| 160 | + mockService.getAllItems.and.returnValue(of(mockResult)); |
| 161 | + |
| 162 | + component.loadAllItems(); |
| 163 | + |
| 164 | + expect(mockService.getAllItems).toHaveBeenCalled(); |
| 165 | + expect(component.items).toEqual([]); |
| 166 | + }); |
| 167 | +}); |
| 168 | +``` |
| 169 | + |
| 170 | +### 7. Testing Dialog Interactions |
| 171 | + |
| 172 | +```typescript |
| 173 | +describe('openCreateModal', () => { |
| 174 | + it('should open modal and reload data on success', () => { |
| 175 | + const mockDialogRef = { |
| 176 | + afterClosed: () => of(true) |
| 177 | + }; |
| 178 | + mockDialog.open.and.returnValue(mockDialogRef as any); |
| 179 | + |
| 180 | + spyOn(component, 'loadAllItems'); |
| 181 | + component.openCreateModal(); |
| 182 | + |
| 183 | + expect(mockDialog.open).toHaveBeenCalled(); |
| 184 | + expect(component.loadAllItems).toHaveBeenCalled(); |
| 185 | + }); |
| 186 | + |
| 187 | + it('should not reload data when modal is cancelled', () => { |
| 188 | + const mockDialogRef = { |
| 189 | + afterClosed: () => of(false) |
| 190 | + }; |
| 191 | + mockDialog.open.and.returnValue(mockDialogRef as any); |
| 192 | + |
| 193 | + spyOn(component, 'loadAllItems'); |
| 194 | + component.openCreateModal(); |
| 195 | + |
| 196 | + expect(mockDialog.open).toHaveBeenCalled(); |
| 197 | + expect(component.loadAllItems).not.toHaveBeenCalled(); |
| 198 | + }); |
| 199 | +}); |
| 200 | +``` |
| 201 | + |
| 202 | +### 8. Testing MatDialogRef Close |
| 203 | + |
| 204 | +For components that use MatDialogRef: |
| 205 | + |
| 206 | +```typescript |
| 207 | +let mockDialogRef: jasmine.SpyObj<MatDialogRef<ComponentName>>; |
| 208 | + |
| 209 | +beforeEach(() => { |
| 210 | + mockDialogRef = jasmine.createSpyObj('MatDialogRef', ['close']); |
| 211 | +}); |
| 212 | + |
| 213 | +it('should close dialog with true when successful', () => { |
| 214 | + component.hide(true); |
| 215 | + expect(mockDialogRef.close).toHaveBeenCalledWith(true); |
| 216 | +}); |
| 217 | + |
| 218 | +it('should close dialog with false by default', () => { |
| 219 | + component.hide(); |
| 220 | + expect(mockDialogRef.close).toHaveBeenCalledWith(false); |
| 221 | +}); |
| 222 | +``` |
| 223 | + |
| 224 | +### 9. Testing MAT_DIALOG_DATA Injection |
| 225 | + |
| 226 | +```typescript |
| 227 | +let mockDialogData: DataModel; |
| 228 | + |
| 229 | +beforeEach(() => { |
| 230 | + mockDialogData = { id: 1, name: 'Test' } as DataModel; |
| 231 | + |
| 232 | + TestBed.configureTestingModule({ |
| 233 | + declarations: [ComponentName], |
| 234 | + providers: [ |
| 235 | + { provide: MAT_DIALOG_DATA, useValue: mockDialogData }, |
| 236 | + // ... other providers |
| 237 | + ] |
| 238 | + }); |
| 239 | +}); |
| 240 | + |
| 241 | +it('should initialize with dialog data', () => { |
| 242 | + expect(component.data).toBeDefined(); |
| 243 | + expect(component.data.id).toBe(1); |
| 244 | +}); |
| 245 | +``` |
| 246 | + |
| 247 | +## Common Data Models |
| 248 | + |
| 249 | +### OperationResult and OperationDataResult |
| 250 | + |
| 251 | +All API responses use these models, which must include the `message` property: |
| 252 | + |
| 253 | +```typescript |
| 254 | +// OperationResult |
| 255 | +const mockResult: OperationResult = { |
| 256 | + success: true, |
| 257 | + message: '' |
| 258 | +}; |
| 259 | + |
| 260 | +// OperationDataResult |
| 261 | +const mockResult: OperationDataResult<T> = { |
| 262 | + success: true, |
| 263 | + message: '', |
| 264 | + model: data |
| 265 | +}; |
| 266 | +``` |
| 267 | + |
| 268 | +## Example Test Files |
| 269 | + |
| 270 | +Reference implementations can be found in: |
| 271 | +- `src/app/modules/advanced/components/units/units.component.spec.ts` |
| 272 | +- `src/app/modules/advanced/components/units/unit-create/unit-create.component.spec.ts` |
| 273 | +- `src/app/modules/advanced/components/units/units-otp-code/units-otp-code.component.spec.ts` |
| 274 | +- `src/app/modules/advanced/components/workers/workers/workers.component.spec.ts` |
| 275 | +- `src/app/modules/advanced/components/workers/worker-edit-create/worker-edit-create.component.spec.ts` |
| 276 | +- `src/app/modules/advanced/components/folders/folders/folders.component.spec.ts` |
| 277 | + |
| 278 | +## Coverage Goals |
| 279 | + |
| 280 | +- **Methods**: All public methods should have test coverage |
| 281 | +- **Scenarios**: Test both success and failure cases |
| 282 | +- **Edge Cases**: Test null/undefined values, empty arrays, etc. |
| 283 | +- **Interactions**: Test component interactions with services and dialogs |
| 284 | + |
| 285 | +## Test Naming Conventions |
| 286 | + |
| 287 | +- Use descriptive test names: `'should load items successfully'` |
| 288 | +- Group related tests using `describe` blocks |
| 289 | +- Start with `'should'` for behavior descriptions |
| 290 | +- Be specific about what is being tested |
| 291 | + |
| 292 | +## Troubleshooting |
| 293 | + |
| 294 | +### Common Issues |
| 295 | + |
| 296 | +1. **Missing message property**: Ensure all OperationResult/OperationDataResult objects include `message: ''` |
| 297 | +2. **Zone.js imports**: Use `import 'zone.js'` and `import 'zone.js/testing'` in test.ts |
| 298 | +3. **Karma timeouts**: Increase `browserNoActivityTimeout` in karma.conf.js for slow tests |
| 299 | +4. **Spy not configured**: Always configure spy return values with `.and.returnValue()` |
| 300 | + |
| 301 | +### Debugging Tests |
| 302 | + |
| 303 | +```bash |
| 304 | +# Run tests with source maps for debugging |
| 305 | +ng test --source-map |
| 306 | + |
| 307 | +# Run a single test file (may not work with all configurations) |
| 308 | +ng test --include='**/component-name.component.spec.ts' |
| 309 | + |
| 310 | +# Increase Karma logging |
| 311 | +# Edit karma.conf.js and set logLevel: config.LOG_DEBUG |
| 312 | +``` |
| 313 | + |
| 314 | +## Continuous Integration |
| 315 | + |
| 316 | +Tests are designed to run in CI/CD pipelines: |
| 317 | + |
| 318 | +```bash |
| 319 | +# Headless mode for CI/CD |
| 320 | +ng test --watch=false --browsers=ChromeHeadless --code-coverage |
| 321 | +``` |
| 322 | + |
| 323 | +## Contributing |
| 324 | + |
| 325 | +When adding new components: |
| 326 | +1. Create a `.spec.ts` file alongside the component |
| 327 | +2. Follow the patterns documented here |
| 328 | +3. Ensure all public methods are tested |
| 329 | +4. Test both success and error scenarios |
| 330 | +5. Run tests locally before committing |
| 331 | + |
| 332 | +## Additional Resources |
| 333 | + |
| 334 | +- [Angular Testing Guide](https://angular.dev/guide/testing) |
| 335 | +- [Jasmine Documentation](https://jasmine.github.io/) |
| 336 | +- [Karma Configuration](https://karma-runner.github.io/latest/config/configuration-file.html) |
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