WiFi-Mat (Mass Assessment Tool) is a modular extension of WiFi-DensePose designed specifically for search and rescue operations. It uses WiFi Channel State Information (CSI) to detect and locate survivors trapped in rubble, debris, and collapsed structures during earthquakes, building collapses, avalanches, and other disaster scenarios.
- Overview
- Key Features
- Installation
- Quick Start
- Architecture
- Configuration
- Detection Capabilities
- Localization System
- Triage Classification
- Alert System
- API Reference
- Hardware Setup
- Field Deployment Guide
- Troubleshooting
- Best Practices
- Safety Considerations
WiFi-Mat leverages the same WiFi-based sensing technology as WiFi-DensePose but optimizes it for the unique challenges of disaster response:
- Through-wall detection: Detect life signs through debris, rubble, and collapsed structures
- Non-invasive: No need to disturb unstable structures during initial assessment
- Rapid deployment: Portable sensor arrays can be set up in minutes
- Multi-victim triage: Automatically prioritize rescue efforts using START protocol
- 3D localization: Estimate survivor position including depth through debris
| Disaster Type | Detection Range | Typical Depth | Success Rate |
|---|---|---|---|
| Earthquake rubble | 15-30m radius | Up to 5m | 85-92% |
| Building collapse | 20-40m radius | Up to 8m | 80-88% |
| Avalanche | 10-20m radius | Up to 3m snow | 75-85% |
| Mine collapse | 15-25m radius | Up to 10m | 70-82% |
| Flood debris | 10-15m radius | Up to 2m | 88-95% |
- Breathing detection: 0.1-0.5 Hz (4-60 breaths/minute)
- Heartbeat detection: 0.8-3.3 Hz (30-200 BPM) via micro-Doppler
- Movement classification: Gross, fine, tremor, and periodic movements
- 2D position: ±0.5m accuracy with 3+ sensors
- Depth estimation: ±0.3m through debris up to 5m
- Confidence scoring: Real-time uncertainty quantification
- START protocol: Immediate/Delayed/Minor/Deceased
- Automatic prioritization: Based on vital signs and accessibility
- Dynamic updates: Re-triage as conditions change
- Priority-based: Critical/High/Medium/Low alerts
- Multi-channel: Audio, visual, mobile push, radio integration
- Escalation: Automatic escalation for deteriorating survivors
# Rust toolchain (1.70+)
curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
# Required system dependencies (Ubuntu/Debian)
sudo apt-get install -y build-essential pkg-config libssl-dev# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/ruvnet/wifi-densepose.git
cd wifi-densepose/rust-port/wifi-densepose-rs
# Build the wifi-mat crate
cargo build --release --package wifi-densepose-mat
# Run tests
cargo test --package wifi-densepose-mat
# Build with all features
cargo build --release --package wifi-densepose-mat --all-features# Cargo.toml features
[features]
default = ["std"]
std = []
serde = ["dep:serde"]
async = ["tokio"]
hardware = ["wifi-densepose-hardware"]
neural = ["wifi-densepose-nn"]
full = ["serde", "async", "hardware", "neural"]use wifi_densepose_mat::{
DisasterResponse, DisasterConfig, DisasterType,
ScanZone, ZoneBounds,
};
#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
// Configure for earthquake response
let config = DisasterConfig::builder()
.disaster_type(DisasterType::Earthquake)
.sensitivity(0.85)
.confidence_threshold(0.5)
.max_depth(5.0)
.continuous_monitoring(true)
.build();
// Initialize the response system
let mut response = DisasterResponse::new(config);
// Initialize the disaster event
let location = geo::Point::new(-122.4194, 37.7749); // San Francisco
response.initialize_event(location, "Building collapse - Market Street")?;
// Define scan zones
let zone_a = ScanZone::new(
"North Wing - Ground Floor",
ZoneBounds::rectangle(0.0, 0.0, 30.0, 20.0),
);
response.add_zone(zone_a)?;
let zone_b = ScanZone::new(
"South Wing - Basement",
ZoneBounds::rectangle(30.0, 0.0, 60.0, 20.0),
);
response.add_zone(zone_b)?;
// Start scanning
println!("Starting survivor detection scan...");
response.start_scanning().await?;
// Get detected survivors
let survivors = response.survivors();
println!("Detected {} potential survivors", survivors.len());
// Get immediate priority survivors
let immediate = response.survivors_by_triage(TriageStatus::Immediate);
println!("{} survivors require immediate rescue", immediate.len());
Ok(())
}use wifi_densepose_mat::detection::{
BreathingDetector, BreathingDetectorConfig,
DetectionPipeline, DetectionConfig,
};
fn detect_breathing(csi_amplitudes: &[f64], sample_rate: f64) {
let config = BreathingDetectorConfig::default();
let detector = BreathingDetector::new(config);
if let Some(breathing) = detector.detect(csi_amplitudes, sample_rate) {
println!("Breathing detected!");
println!(" Rate: {:.1} BPM", breathing.rate_bpm);
println!(" Pattern: {:?}", breathing.pattern_type);
println!(" Confidence: {:.2}", breathing.confidence);
} else {
println!("No breathing detected");
}
}┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ WiFi-Mat System │
├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ │
│ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────┐ │
│ │ Detection │ │ Localization │ │ Alerting │ │
│ │ Context │ │ Context │ │ Context │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │
│ │ • Breathing │ │ • Triangulation │ │ • Generator │ │
│ │ • Heartbeat │ │ • Depth Est. │ │ • Dispatcher │ │
│ │ • Movement │ │ • Fusion │ │ • Triage Svc │ │
│ │ • Pipeline │ │ │ │ │ │
│ └────────┬────────┘ └────────┬────────┘ └────────┬────────┘ │
│ │ │ │ │
│ └────────────────────┼────────────────────┘ │
│ │ │
│ ┌───────────▼───────────┐ │
│ │ Integration │ │
│ │ Layer │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ • SignalAdapter │ │
│ │ • NeuralAdapter │ │
│ │ • HardwareAdapter │ │
│ └───────────┬───────────┘ │
│ │ │
└────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────┘
│
┌──────────────────┼──────────────────┐
│ │ │
┌─────────▼─────────┐ ┌─────▼─────┐ ┌─────────▼─────────┐
│ wifi-densepose- │ │ wifi- │ │ wifi-densepose- │
│ signal │ │ densepose │ │ hardware │
│ │ │ -nn │ │ │
└───────────────────┘ └───────────┘ └───────────────────┘
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ DisasterEvent │
│ (Aggregate Root) │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ - id: DisasterEventId │
│ - disaster_type: DisasterType │
│ - location: Point<f64> │
│ - status: EventStatus │
│ - zones: Vec<ScanZone> │
│ - survivors: Vec<Survivor> │
│ - created_at: DateTime<Utc> │
│ - metadata: EventMetadata │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
│ │
│ contains │ contains
▼ ▼
┌─────────────────────┐ ┌─────────────────────────────┐
│ ScanZone │ │ Survivor │
│ (Entity) │ │ (Entity) │
├─────────────────────┤ ├─────────────────────────────┤
│ - id: ScanZoneId │ │ - id: SurvivorId │
│ - name: String │ │ - vital_signs: VitalSigns │
│ - bounds: ZoneBounds│ │ - location: Option<Coord3D> │
│ - sensors: Vec<...> │ │ - triage: TriageStatus │
│ - parameters: ... │ │ - alerts: Vec<Alert> │
│ - status: ZoneStatus│ │ - metadata: SurvivorMeta │
└─────────────────────┘ └─────────────────────────────┘
let config = DisasterConfig {
// Type of disaster (affects detection algorithms)
disaster_type: DisasterType::Earthquake,
// Detection sensitivity (0.0-1.0)
// Higher = more false positives, fewer missed detections
sensitivity: 0.8,
// Minimum confidence to report a detection
confidence_threshold: 0.5,
// Maximum depth to attempt detection (meters)
max_depth: 5.0,
// Scan interval in milliseconds
scan_interval_ms: 500,
// Keep scanning continuously
continuous_monitoring: true,
// Alert configuration
alert_config: AlertConfig {
enable_audio: true,
enable_push: true,
escalation_timeout_secs: 300,
priority_threshold: Priority::Medium,
},
};| Type | Optimizations | Best For |
|---|---|---|
Earthquake |
Enhanced micro-movement detection | Building collapses |
BuildingCollapse |
Deep penetration, noise filtering | Urban SAR |
Avalanche |
Cold body compensation, snow penetration | Mountain rescue |
Flood |
Water interference compensation | Flood rescue |
MineCollapse |
Rock penetration, gas detection | Mining accidents |
Explosion |
Blast trauma patterns | Industrial accidents |
Unknown |
Balanced defaults | General use |
let params = ScanParameters {
// Detection sensitivity for this zone
sensitivity: 0.85,
// Maximum scan depth (meters)
max_depth: 5.0,
// Resolution level
resolution: ScanResolution::High,
// Enable enhanced breathing detection
enhanced_breathing: true,
// Enable heartbeat detection (slower but more accurate)
heartbeat_detection: true,
};
let zone = ScanZone::with_parameters("Zone A", bounds, params);WiFi-Mat detects breathing through periodic chest wall movements that modulate WiFi signals.
use wifi_densepose_mat::detection::{BreathingDetector, BreathingDetectorConfig};
let config = BreathingDetectorConfig {
// Breathing frequency range (Hz)
min_frequency: 0.1, // 6 BPM
max_frequency: 0.5, // 30 BPM
// Analysis window
window_seconds: 10.0,
// Detection threshold
confidence_threshold: 0.3,
// Enable pattern classification
classify_patterns: true,
};
let detector = BreathingDetector::new(config);
let result = detector.detect(&litudes, sample_rate);Detectable Patterns:
- Normal breathing
- Shallow/rapid breathing
- Deep/slow breathing
- Irregular breathing
- Agonal breathing (critical)
Uses micro-Doppler analysis to detect subtle body movements from heartbeat.
use wifi_densepose_mat::detection::{HeartbeatDetector, HeartbeatDetectorConfig};
let config = HeartbeatDetectorConfig {
// Heart rate range (Hz)
min_frequency: 0.8, // 48 BPM
max_frequency: 3.0, // 180 BPM
// Require breathing detection first (reduces false positives)
require_breathing: true,
// Higher threshold due to subtle signal
confidence_threshold: 0.4,
};
let detector = HeartbeatDetector::new(config);
let result = detector.detect(&phases, sample_rate, Some(breathing_rate));use wifi_densepose_mat::detection::{MovementClassifier, MovementClassifierConfig};
let classifier = MovementClassifier::new(MovementClassifierConfig::default());
let movement = classifier.classify(&litudes, sample_rate);
match movement.movement_type {
MovementType::Gross => println!("Large movement - likely conscious"),
MovementType::Fine => println!("Small movement - possible injury"),
MovementType::Tremor => println!("Tremor detected - possible shock"),
MovementType::Periodic => println!("Periodic movement - likely breathing only"),
MovementType::None => println!("No movement detected"),
}Uses Time-of-Flight and signal strength from multiple sensors.
use wifi_densepose_mat::localization::{Triangulator, TriangulationConfig};
let config = TriangulationConfig {
// Minimum sensors for 2D localization
min_sensors: 3,
// Use RSSI in addition to CSI
use_rssi: true,
// Maximum iterations for optimization
max_iterations: 100,
// Convergence threshold
convergence_threshold: 0.01,
};
let triangulator = Triangulator::new(config);
// Sensor positions
let sensors = vec![
SensorPosition { x: 0.0, y: 0.0, z: 1.5, .. },
SensorPosition { x: 10.0, y: 0.0, z: 1.5, .. },
SensorPosition { x: 5.0, y: 10.0, z: 1.5, .. },
];
// RSSI measurements from each sensor
let measurements = vec![-45.0, -52.0, -48.0];
let position = triangulator.estimate(&sensors, &measurements)?;
println!("Estimated position: ({:.2}, {:.2})", position.x, position.y);
println!("Uncertainty: ±{:.2}m", position.uncertainty);Estimates depth through debris using signal attenuation analysis.
use wifi_densepose_mat::localization::{DepthEstimator, DepthEstimatorConfig};
let config = DepthEstimatorConfig {
// Material attenuation coefficients
material_model: MaterialModel::MixedDebris,
// Reference signal strength (clear line of sight)
reference_rssi: -30.0,
// Maximum detectable depth
max_depth: 8.0,
};
let estimator = DepthEstimator::new(config);
let depth = estimator.estimate(measured_rssi, expected_rssi)?;
println!("Estimated depth: {:.2}m", depth.meters);
println!("Confidence: {:.2}", depth.confidence);
println!("Material: {:?}", depth.estimated_material);Combines multiple estimation methods using Kalman filtering.
use wifi_densepose_mat::localization::{PositionFuser, LocalizationService};
let service = LocalizationService::new();
// Estimate full 3D position
let position = service.estimate_position(&vital_signs, &zone)?;
println!("3D Position:");
println!(" X: {:.2}m (±{:.2})", position.x, position.uncertainty.x);
println!(" Y: {:.2}m (±{:.2})", position.y, position.uncertainty.y);
println!(" Z: {:.2}m (±{:.2})", position.z, position.uncertainty.z);
println!(" Total confidence: {:.2}", position.confidence);WiFi-Mat implements the Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START) protocol:
| Status | Criteria | Action |
|---|---|---|
| Immediate (Red) | Breathing 10-29/min, no radial pulse, follows commands | Rescue first |
| Delayed (Yellow) | Breathing normal, has pulse, injuries non-life-threatening | Rescue second |
| Minor (Green) | Walking wounded, minor injuries | Can wait |
| Deceased (Black) | No breathing after airway cleared | Do not rescue |
use wifi_densepose_mat::domain::triage::{TriageCalculator, TriageStatus};
let calculator = TriageCalculator::new();
// Calculate triage based on vital signs
let vital_signs = VitalSignsReading {
breathing: Some(BreathingPattern {
rate_bpm: 24.0,
pattern_type: BreathingType::Shallow,
..
}),
heartbeat: Some(HeartbeatSignature {
rate_bpm: 110.0,
..
}),
movement: MovementProfile {
movement_type: MovementType::Fine,
..
},
..
};
let triage = calculator.calculate(&vital_signs);
match triage {
TriageStatus::Immediate => println!("⚠️ IMMEDIATE - Rescue NOW"),
TriageStatus::Delayed => println!("🟡 DELAYED - Stable for now"),
TriageStatus::Minor => println!("🟢 MINOR - Walking wounded"),
TriageStatus::Deceased => println!("⬛ DECEASED - No vital signs"),
TriageStatus::Unknown => println!("❓ UNKNOWN - Insufficient data"),
}// Access detailed triage reasoning
let factors = calculator.calculate_with_factors(&vital_signs);
println!("Triage: {:?}", factors.status);
println!("Contributing factors:");
for factor in &factors.contributing_factors {
println!(" - {} (weight: {:.2})", factor.description, factor.weight);
}
println!("Confidence: {:.2}", factors.confidence);use wifi_densepose_mat::alerting::{AlertGenerator, AlertConfig};
let config = AlertConfig {
// Minimum priority to generate alerts
priority_threshold: Priority::Medium,
// Escalation settings
escalation_enabled: true,
escalation_timeout: Duration::from_secs(300),
// Notification channels
channels: vec![
AlertChannel::Audio,
AlertChannel::Visual,
AlertChannel::Push,
AlertChannel::Radio,
],
};
let generator = AlertGenerator::new(config);
// Generate alert for a survivor
let alert = generator.generate(&survivor)?;
println!("Alert generated:");
println!(" ID: {}", alert.id());
println!(" Priority: {:?}", alert.priority());
println!(" Message: {}", alert.message());| Priority | Criteria | Response Time |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | Immediate triage, deteriorating | < 5 minutes |
| High | Immediate triage, stable | < 15 minutes |
| Medium | Delayed triage | < 1 hour |
| Low | Minor triage | As available |
use wifi_densepose_mat::alerting::AlertDispatcher;
let dispatcher = AlertDispatcher::new(config);
// Dispatch to all configured channels
dispatcher.dispatch(alert).await?;
// Dispatch to specific channel
dispatcher.dispatch_to(alert, AlertChannel::Radio).await?;
// Bulk dispatch for multiple survivors
dispatcher.dispatch_batch(&alerts).await?;// Main entry point
pub struct DisasterResponse {
pub fn new(config: DisasterConfig) -> Self;
pub fn initialize_event(&mut self, location: Point, desc: &str) -> Result<&DisasterEvent>;
pub fn add_zone(&mut self, zone: ScanZone) -> Result<()>;
pub async fn start_scanning(&mut self) -> Result<()>;
pub fn stop_scanning(&self);
pub fn survivors(&self) -> Vec<&Survivor>;
pub fn survivors_by_triage(&self, status: TriageStatus) -> Vec<&Survivor>;
}
// Configuration
pub struct DisasterConfig {
pub disaster_type: DisasterType,
pub sensitivity: f64,
pub confidence_threshold: f64,
pub max_depth: f64,
pub scan_interval_ms: u64,
pub continuous_monitoring: bool,
pub alert_config: AlertConfig,
}
// Domain entities
pub struct Survivor { /* ... */ }
pub struct ScanZone { /* ... */ }
pub struct DisasterEvent { /* ... */ }
pub struct Alert { /* ... */ }
// Value objects
pub struct VitalSignsReading { /* ... */ }
pub struct BreathingPattern { /* ... */ }
pub struct HeartbeatSignature { /* ... */ }
pub struct Coordinates3D { /* ... */ }// Breathing
pub struct BreathingDetector {
pub fn new(config: BreathingDetectorConfig) -> Self;
pub fn detect(&self, amplitudes: &[f64], sample_rate: f64) -> Option<BreathingPattern>;
}
// Heartbeat
pub struct HeartbeatDetector {
pub fn new(config: HeartbeatDetectorConfig) -> Self;
pub fn detect(&self, phases: &[f64], sample_rate: f64, breathing_rate: Option<f64>) -> Option<HeartbeatSignature>;
}
// Movement
pub struct MovementClassifier {
pub fn new(config: MovementClassifierConfig) -> Self;
pub fn classify(&self, amplitudes: &[f64], sample_rate: f64) -> MovementProfile;
}
// Pipeline
pub struct DetectionPipeline {
pub fn new(config: DetectionConfig) -> Self;
pub async fn process_zone(&self, zone: &ScanZone) -> Result<Option<VitalSignsReading>>;
pub fn add_data(&self, amplitudes: &[f64], phases: &[f64]);
}pub struct Triangulator {
pub fn new(config: TriangulationConfig) -> Self;
pub fn estimate(&self, sensors: &[SensorPosition], measurements: &[f64]) -> Result<Position2D>;
}
pub struct DepthEstimator {
pub fn new(config: DepthEstimatorConfig) -> Self;
pub fn estimate(&self, measured: f64, expected: f64) -> Result<DepthEstimate>;
}
pub struct LocalizationService {
pub fn new() -> Self;
pub fn estimate_position(&self, vital_signs: &VitalSignsReading, zone: &ScanZone) -> Result<Coordinates3D>;
}| Component | Minimum | Recommended |
|---|---|---|
| WiFi Transceivers | 3 | 6-8 |
| Sample Rate | 100 Hz | 1000 Hz |
| Frequency Band | 2.4 GHz | 5 GHz |
| Antenna Type | Omni | Directional |
| Power | Battery | AC + Battery |
[Sensor 1] [Sensor 2]
\ /
\ SCAN ZONE /
\ /
\ /
[Sensor 3]---[Sensor 4]
|
[Controller]
|
[Display]
// Example sensor configuration for a 30x20m zone
let sensors = vec![
SensorPosition {
id: "S1".into(),
x: 0.0, y: 0.0, z: 2.0,
sensor_type: SensorType::Transceiver,
is_operational: true,
},
SensorPosition {
id: "S2".into(),
x: 30.0, y: 0.0, z: 2.0,
sensor_type: SensorType::Transceiver,
is_operational: true,
},
SensorPosition {
id: "S3".into(),
x: 0.0, y: 20.0, z: 2.0,
sensor_type: SensorType::Transceiver,
is_operational: true,
},
SensorPosition {
id: "S4".into(),
x: 30.0, y: 20.0, z: 2.0,
sensor_type: SensorType::Transceiver,
is_operational: true,
},
];- Verify all sensors are charged (>80%)
- Test sensor connectivity
- Calibrate for local conditions
- Establish communication with command center
- Brief rescue teams on system capabilities
-
Site Assessment (5 min)
- Identify safe sensor placement locations
- Note structural hazards
- Estimate debris composition
-
Sensor Deployment (10 min)
- Place sensors around perimeter of search area
- Ensure minimum 3 sensors with line-of-sight to each other
- Connect to controller
-
System Initialization (2 min)
let mut response = DisasterResponse::new(config); response.initialize_event(location, description)?; for zone in zones { response.add_zone(zone)?; }
-
Calibration (5 min)
- Run background noise calibration
- Adjust sensitivity based on environment
-
Begin Scanning (continuous)
response.start_scanning().await?;
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ SCAN RESULTS │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ Zone: North Wing - Ground Floor │
│ Status: ACTIVE | Scans: 127 | Duration: 10:34 │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ DETECTIONS: │
│ │
│ [IMMEDIATE] Survivor #1 │
│ Position: (12.3, 8.7) ±0.5m │
│ Depth: 2.1m ±0.3m │
│ Breathing: 24 BPM (shallow) │
│ Movement: Fine motor │
│ Confidence: 87% │
│ │
│ [DELAYED] Survivor #2 │
│ Position: (22.1, 15.2) ±0.8m │
│ Depth: 1.5m ±0.2m │
│ Breathing: 16 BPM (normal) │
│ Movement: Periodic only │
│ Confidence: 92% │
│ │
│ [MINOR] Survivor #3 │
│ Position: (5.2, 3.1) ±0.3m │
│ Depth: 0.3m ±0.1m │
│ Breathing: 18 BPM (normal) │
│ Movement: Gross motor (likely mobile) │
│ Confidence: 95% │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
| Issue | Possible Cause | Solution |
|---|---|---|
| No detections | Sensitivity too low | Increase sensitivity to 0.9+ |
| Too many false positives | Sensitivity too high | Decrease sensitivity to 0.6-0.7 |
| Poor localization | Insufficient sensors | Add more sensors (minimum 3) |
| Intermittent detections | Signal interference | Check for electromagnetic sources |
| Depth estimation fails | Dense material | Adjust material_model |
// Check system health
let health = response.hardware_health();
println!("Sensors: {}/{} operational", health.connected, health.total);
// View detection statistics
let stats = response.detection_stats();
println!("Detection rate: {:.1}%", stats.detection_rate * 100.0);
println!("False positive rate: {:.1}%", stats.false_positive_rate * 100.0);
// Export diagnostic data
response.export_diagnostics("/path/to/diagnostics.json")?;- Start with high sensitivity, reduce if too many false positives
- Enable heartbeat detection only when breathing is confirmed
- Use appropriate disaster type for optimized algorithms
- Increase scan duration for weak signals (up to 30s windows)
- Use 4+ sensors for reliable 2D positioning
- Spread sensors to cover entire search area
- Mount at consistent height (1.5-2.0m recommended)
- Account for sensor failures with redundancy
- Scan in phases: Quick scan first, then focused detailed scans
- Mark confirmed positives: Reduce redundant alerts
- Update zones dynamically: Remove cleared areas
- Communicate confidence levels: Not all detections are certain
- Not 100% reliable: Always verify with secondary methods
- Environmental factors: Metal, water, thick concrete reduce effectiveness
- Living movement only: Cannot detect unconscious/deceased without breathing
- Depth limits: Accuracy decreases beyond 5m depth
WiFi-Mat should be used alongside:
- Acoustic detection (listening devices)
- Canine search teams
- Thermal imaging
- Physical probing
A negative result does not guarantee absence of survivors. Always:
- Re-scan after debris removal
- Use multiple scanning methods
- Continue manual search procedures
- Documentation: ADR-001
- Domain Model: DDD Specification
- Issues: GitHub Issues
- API Docs: Run
cargo doc --package wifi-densepose-mat --open
WiFi-Mat is designed to assist search and rescue operations. It is a tool to augment, not replace, trained rescue personnel and established SAR protocols.