diff --git a/mcp/streamable.go b/mcp/streamable.go
index 20eb13d5..8e83c77d 100644
--- a/mcp/streamable.go
+++ b/mcp/streamable.go
@@ -41,11 +41,7 @@ type StreamableHTTPHandler struct {
 	getServer func(*http.Request) *Server
 	opts      StreamableHTTPOptions
 
-	onTransportDeletion func(sessionID string) // for testing only
-
-	mu sync.Mutex
-	// TODO: we should store the ServerSession along with the transport, because
-	// we need to cancel keepalive requests when closing the transport.
+	mu         sync.Mutex
 	transports map[string]*StreamableServerTransport // keyed by IDs (from Mcp-Session-Id header)
 }
 
@@ -72,6 +68,11 @@ type StreamableHTTPOptions struct {
 	// Logger specifies the logger to use.
 	// If nil, do not log.
 	Logger *slog.Logger
+
+	// OnSessionClose is a callback function that is invoked when a [ServerSession]
+	// is closed. This happens when a session is ended explicitly by the MCP client
+	// or when it is interrupted due to a timeout or other errors.
+	OnSessionClose func(sessionID string)
 }
 
 // NewStreamableHTTPHandler returns a new [StreamableHTTPHandler].
@@ -163,7 +164,8 @@ func (h *StreamableHTTPHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Reque
 			h.mu.Lock()
 			delete(h.transports, transport.SessionID)
 			h.mu.Unlock()
-			transport.connection.Close()
+			// TODO: consider logging this error
+			_ = transport.session.Close()
 		}
 		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
 		return
@@ -297,8 +299,8 @@ func (h *StreamableHTTPHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Reque
 					h.mu.Lock()
 					delete(h.transports, transport.SessionID)
 					h.mu.Unlock()
-					if h.onTransportDeletion != nil {
-						h.onTransportDeletion(transport.SessionID)
+					if h.opts.OnSessionClose != nil {
+						h.opts.OnSessionClose(transport.SessionID)
 					}
 				},
 			}
@@ -318,6 +320,7 @@ func (h *StreamableHTTPHandler) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Reque
 		} else {
 			// Otherwise, save the transport so that it can be reused
 			h.mu.Lock()
+			transport.session = ss
 			h.transports[transport.SessionID] = transport
 			h.mu.Unlock()
 		}
@@ -386,6 +389,9 @@ type StreamableServerTransport struct {
 
 	// connection is non-nil if and only if the transport has been connected.
 	connection *streamableServerConn
+
+	// the server session associated with this transport.
+	session *ServerSession
 }
 
 // Connect implements the [Transport] interface.
diff --git a/mcp/streamable_test.go b/mcp/streamable_test.go
index 6ccaebf7..853488d4 100644
--- a/mcp/streamable_test.go
+++ b/mcp/streamable_test.go
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ func TestStreamableTransports(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 				handler.ServeHTTP(w, r)
 			})))
-			defer httpServer.Close()
+			t.Cleanup(func() { httpServer.Close() })
 
 			// Create a client and connect it to the server using our StreamableClientTransport.
 			// Check that all requests honor a custom client.
@@ -132,7 +132,12 @@ func TestStreamableTransports(t *testing.T) {
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("client.Connect() failed: %v", err)
 			}
-			defer session.Close()
+			t.Cleanup(func() {
+				err := session.Close()
+				if err != nil {
+					t.Errorf("session.Close() failed: %v", err)
+				}
+			})
 			sid := session.ID()
 			if sid == "" {
 				t.Fatalf("empty session ID")
@@ -222,7 +227,7 @@ func TestStreamableServerShutdown(t *testing.T) {
 			httpServer := httptest.NewUnstartedServer(handler)
 			httpServer.Config.RegisterOnShutdown(func() {
 				for session := range server.Sessions() {
-					session.Close()
+					_ = session.Close()
 				}
 			})
 			httpServer.Start()
@@ -432,10 +437,13 @@ func TestServerTransportCleanup(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 
-	handler := NewStreamableHTTPHandler(func(*http.Request) *Server { return server }, nil)
-	handler.onTransportDeletion = func(sessionID string) {
-		chans[sessionID] <- struct{}{}
-	}
+	handler := NewStreamableHTTPHandler(func(*http.Request) *Server { return server },
+		&StreamableHTTPOptions{
+			OnSessionClose: func(sessionID string) {
+				chans[sessionID] <- struct{}{}
+			},
+		},
+	)
 
 	httpServer := httptest.NewServer(mustNotPanic(t, handler))
 	defer httpServer.Close()
@@ -1490,6 +1498,44 @@ func TestStreamableClientContextPropagation(t *testing.T) {
 
 }
 
+// TestStreamableHTTPHandler_OnSessionClose_SessionDeletion tests that the
+// OnSessionClose callback is called when the client closes the session.
+func TestStreamableHTTPHandler_OnSessionClose_SessionDeletion(t *testing.T) {
+	var closedSessions []string
+
+	server := NewServer(testImpl, nil)
+	handler := NewStreamableHTTPHandler(func(req *http.Request) *Server { return server }, &StreamableHTTPOptions{
+		OnSessionClose: func(sessionID string) {
+			closedSessions = append(closedSessions, sessionID)
+		},
+	})
+
+	httpServer := httptest.NewServer(handler)
+	t.Cleanup(httpServer.Close)
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	client := NewClient(testImpl, nil)
+	transport := &StreamableClientTransport{Endpoint: httpServer.URL}
+	session, err := client.Connect(ctx, transport, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("client.Connect() failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	sessionID := session.ID()
+	t.Log("Closing client session")
+	err = session.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("session.Close() failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(closedSessions) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("got %d closed sessions, want 1", len(closedSessions))
+	}
+	if closedSessions[0] != sessionID {
+		t.Fatalf("got session ID %q, want %q", closedSessions[0], sessionID)
+	}
+}
+
 // mustNotPanic is a helper to enforce that test handlers do not panic (see
 // issue #556).
 func mustNotPanic(t *testing.T, h http.Handler) http.Handler {