Add plugintype and additional docs SMS subsystem

Author: safatshahin

docs/apis/plugintypes/sms/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+---
+title: SMS gateway plugin
+tags:
+    - SMS
+    - Gateway
+    - SMS gateway
+    - Notification
+---
+
+<Since version="4.5" issueNumber="MDL-83406" />
+
+SMS gateway plugins allows you to create SMS gateway provider, which can be used to send SMS notification to users from your Moodle instance.
+For example, you use MFA (Multi-Factor Authentication) to user authentication in Moodle and you use AWS as your SMS gateway provider. You can
+now build more SMS Gateway providers to allow sending SMS to your users.
+
+## File structure
+
+SMS gateway plugins are located in the /sms/gateway directory. A plugin should not include any custom files outside its own
+plugin folder.
+
+Each plugin is in a separate subdirectory and consists of a number of _mandatory files_ and any other files the developer is going to use.
+
+:::important
+
+Some important files are described below. See the [common plugin files](../../commonfiles/index.mdx) documentation for details of other
+files which may be useful in your plugin.
+
+:::
+
+<details>
+  <summary>The directory layout for the `smsgateway` plugin.</summary>
+
+```console
+sms/gateway/example
+├── classes
+│   ├── gateway.php
+│   ├── hook_listener.php
+│   └── privacy
+│       └── provider.php
+├── lang
+│   └── en
+│       └── smsgateway_example.php
+├── settings.php
+└── version.php
+```
+
+</details>
+
+## Key files
+
+There are a number of key files within the plugin, described below.
+
+### gateway.php
+Each plugin must implement this class and should have the exact class name. The core_sms api will pick the extended methods from this class.
+
+```php title="Implementing the base SMS gateway"
+
+class gateway extends \core_sms\gateway {
+
+    #[\Override]
+    public function send(
+        message $message,
+    ): message {
+        // Sample code to send an SMS message.
+        $config = (object)json_decode($awsconfig, true, 512, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR);
+        $class = '\smsgateway_aws\local\service\\' . $config->gateway;
+        $recipientnumber = manager::format_number(
+            phonenumber: $message->recipientnumber,
+            countrycode: isset($config->countrycode) ?? null,
+        );
+        if (class_exists($class)) {
+            $status = call_user_func(
+                $class . '::send_sms_message',
+                $message->content,
+                $recipientnumber,
+                $config,
+            );
+        }
+        return $message->with(
+            status: $status,
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[\Override]
+    public function get_send_priority(message $message): int {
+        return 50;
+    }
+}
+
+```
+### hook_listener.php
+There a couple of hooks dispatched from the core_sms API which can be listened by the plugin. It is necessary for plugins developers to assess
+these hooks and implement accordingly.
+
+#### after_sms_gateway_form_hook
+This hook will allow plugins to add their relevant form field from the plugin to allow users to add required configs for the SMS gateway.
+
+
+```php title="Listener method for after_sms_gateway_form_hook"
+
+public static function set_form_definition_for_aws_sms_gateway(after_sms_gateway_form_hook $hook): void {
+    if ($hook->plugin !== 'smsgateway_example') {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    $gateways = [
+        'smsgateway_example' => get_string('list', 'smsgateway_example'),
+    ];
+    $mform->addElement(
+        'select',
+        'gateway',
+        get_string('gateway', 'smsgateway_example'),
+        $gateways,
+    );
+}
+
+```
+:::info
+
+For a real plugin example, please look at the [AWS SMS Gateway plugin](https://github.com/moodle/moodle/tree/main/sms/gateway/aws).
+
+:::

docs/apis/subsystems/sms/index.md

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ $message = \core\di::get(\core_sms\manager::class)
         recipientuserid: $user->id,
         issensitive: false,
         async: false,
+        gatewayid: 22,
     );
 ```
 
@@ -122,3 +123,45 @@ graph TD
         GQ --> |Gateway failed to send the message| GF
     end
 ```
+
+## Getting the list of SMS gateways
+
+Once the gateway is configured from UI, any component implementing the core_sms API can get the list of gateways. The list can also be filtered.
+
+```php title="Getting the list of enabled gateways"
+$manager = \core\di::get(\core_sms\manager::class);
+$gatewayrecords = $manager->get_gateway_records();
+
+// It is also possible to filter the requst.
+$gatewayrecords = $manager->get_gateway_records(['id' => $id]);
+
+// To get all the enabled gateway instances.
+$gatewayrecords = $manager->get_enabled_gateway_instances();
+```
+
+## Some important hooks to be aware of
+SMS API dispatches some hooks which should be assessed and used when this API is implemented in a plugin/component. These hooks helps with
+managing the data, like save them from deletion or accidental deactivation from the SMS Gateway management UI while a specific gateway is
+being used by a component.
+
+### before_gateway_deleted & before_gateway_disabled
+Before deleting or disabling an SMS gateway, these two hooks are dispatched from the core_sms API to allow the components using that specific
+gateway to stop that action or do necessary cleanup. It is important to listed to these hooks to prevent data loss or potential issues with a
+gateway being used which is deleted or disabled by accident.
+
+```php title="Implement the hooks to check for usage before deletion or deactivation"
+
+public static function check_gateway_usage_in_example_plugin(
+    before_gateway_deleted|before_gateway_disabled $hook,
+): void {
+    try {
+        $smsgatewayid = (int)get_config('example_plugin', 'smsgateway');
+        if ($smsgatewayid && $smsgatewayid === (int)$hook->gateway->id) {
+            $hook->stop_propagation();
+        }
+    } catch (\dml_exception $exception) {
+        $hook->stop_propagation();
+    }
+}
+
+```