#14 - Python

Author: Maanghel

Retos/Reto #14 - OCTAL Y HEXADECIMAL [Fácil]/python/Maanghel.py

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+"""
+Crea una función que reciba un número decimal y lo trasforme a Octal
+    y Hexadecimal.
+- No está permitido usar funciones propias del lenguaje de programación que
+    realicen esas operaciones directamente.
+"""
+
+def _validate_data(decimal: int) -> None:
+    """
+    Validate the input data for conversion.
+
+    Ensures the value is a positive integer greater than zero.
+    Raises an appropriate exception if the input is invalid.
+
+    Args:
+        decimal (int): The number to validate.
+
+    Raises:
+        TypeError: If the input is not an integer.
+        ValueError: If the input is zero or a negative integer.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(decimal, int):
+        raise TypeError("Solo se admiten enteros positivos como datos.")
+    if not decimal:
+        raise ValueError("tiene que ingresar un valor positivo.")
+    if decimal < 0:
+        raise ValueError("Solo se admiten enteros positivos como datos.")
+
+def _to_base(decimal: int, base: int) -> str:
+    """
+    Convert a decimal integer into a string representation in the specified base.
+
+    This function uses successive integer division and remainders to transform
+    a decimal number into another base (e.g., binary, octal, hexadecimal).
+    It supports bases up to 16, using digits 0/9 and letters A/F for values >= 10.
+
+    Args:
+        decimal (int): The number in decimal format to be converted.
+        base (int): The target base (e.g., 2 for binary, 8 for octal, 16 for hex).
+
+    Returns:
+        str: The string representation of the number in the target base.
+    """
+    symbols = "0123456789ABCDEF"
+    digits = []
+
+    if decimal == 0:
+        return "0"
+
+    while decimal > 0:
+        remainder = decimal % base
+        digits.append(symbols[remainder])
+        decimal //= base
+
+    return ''.join(reversed(digits))
+
+def to_octal_and_hex(decimal: int) -> str:
+    """
+    Convert a decimal number into its Octal and Hexadecimal string representations.
+
+    This function internally calls `to_base` with base 8 (Octal) and base 16 (Hexadecimal).
+    It avoids using Python's built-in conversion functions such as `oct()` or `hex()`.
+
+    Args:
+        decimal (int): The number in decimal format to be converted.
+
+    Returns:
+        str: A descriptive message containing the decimal number and its octal
+            and hexadecimal equivalents.
+    """
+    try:
+        _validate_data(decimal)
+    except (ValueError, TypeError) as e:
+        return f"Error: {e}"
+
+    octal = _to_base(decimal, 8)
+    hexa = _to_base(decimal, 16)
+
+    return f"El número {decimal} en octal es {octal} y en hexadecimal es {hexa}"
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print(to_octal_and_hex(1))
+    print(to_octal_and_hex(255))
+    print(to_octal_and_hex(-1))