Merge pull request #6806 from Maanghel/main

#15/16 - Python

Author: Roswell468

Retos/Reto #15 - AUREBESH [Fácil]/python/Maanghel.py

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+"""
+Crea una función que sea capaz de transformar Español al lenguaje básico
+    del universo Star Wars: el "Aurebesh".
+- Puedes dejar sin transformar los caracteres que no existan en "Aurebesh".
+- También tiene que ser capaz de traducir en sentido contrario.
+
+¿Lo has conseguido? Nómbrame en twitter.com/mouredev y escríbeme algo en Aurebesh.
+
+¡Que la fuerza os acompañe!
+"""
+
+class Aurebesh():
+    """
+    Translator between Spanish text and the Aurebesh alphabet 
+    (the written form of Galactic Basic in the Star Wars universe).
+    
+    Features:
+        - Provides bidirectional translation:
+            * from Spanish to Aurebesh (`to_aurebesh`)
+            * from Aurebesh to Spanish (`to_espanol`)
+        - Unknown characters (not present in Aurebesh) are preserved as-is.
+        - Handles the special case "ch" as a single Aurebesh token.
+    """
+
+    mapping_aurebesh: dict[str, str] = {
+        "a": "Aurek", "b": "Besh", "c": "Cresh", "d": "Dorn", "e": "Enth",
+        "f": "Forn", "g": "Grek", "h": "Herf", "i": "Isk", "j": "Jenth",
+        "k": "Krill", "l": "Leth", "m": "Mern", "n": "Nern", "o": "Osk",
+        "p": "Peth", "q": "Qek", "r": "Resh", "s": "Senth", "t": "Trill",
+        "u": "Usk", "v": "Vev", "w": "Wesk", "x": "Xesh", "y": "Yirt", "z": "Zerek",
+        "ch": "Cherek", ' ': ''
+        }
+
+    def to_aurebesh(self, text: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Convert a Spanish string into Aurebesh.
+
+        Args:
+            text (str): Input text in Spanish.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: The corresponding text in Aurebesh. Characters not present in the mapping
+                will remain unchanged.
+
+        Notes:
+            - Multi-character mappings (e.g., "ch") are handled first.
+            - Output tokens are separated by spaces.
+        """
+
+        self._validate_language(text)
+        text_aurebesh: list[str] = []
+        text = text.lower()
+        count: int = 0
+        while count < len(text):
+            if count + 1 < len(text) and text[count:count + 2] in self.mapping_aurebesh:
+                text_aurebesh.append(self.mapping_aurebesh[text[count:count + 2]])
+                count += 2
+            elif text[count] in self.mapping_aurebesh:
+                text_aurebesh.append(self.mapping_aurebesh[text[count]])
+                count += 1
+            else:
+                text_aurebesh.append(text[count])
+                count += 1
+        return " ".join(text_aurebesh)
+
+    def _validate_language(self, text: str, aurebesh: bool=False) -> None:
+        """
+        Validate that the input string is in the expected language format.
+
+        Args:
+            text (str): Input text to validate.
+            aurebesh (bool): If True, checks that the text only contains valid Aurebesh tokens.
+                            If False, performs a basic Spanish validation.
+
+        Raises:
+            TypeError: If the input is not a string.
+            ValueError: If the string is empty or contains invalid tokens for the given language.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(text, str):
+            raise TypeError("Solo se aceptan cadenas de texto.")
+        if not text:
+            raise ValueError("El texto no puede estar vacio.")
+
+        if aurebesh:
+            words = text.split()
+            for word in words:
+                if word not in self.mapping_aurebesh.values():
+                    raise ValueError("El texto debe estar en aurebesh.")
+
+    def to_espanol(self, text_aurebesh: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Convert an Aurebesh string back into Spanish.
+
+        Args:
+            text_aurebesh (str): Input text in Aurebesh, with tokens separated by spaces.
+
+        Returns:
+            str: The corresponding text in Spanish.
+
+        Raises:
+            ValueError: If the input is not valid Aurebesh.
+
+        Notes:
+            - Unknown Aurebesh tokens are replaced with "?".
+            - Empty string validation is enforced.
+        """
+        self._validate_language(text_aurebesh, aurebesh=True)
+        reverse_aurebesh = {v: k for k, v in self.mapping_aurebesh.items()}
+        words = text_aurebesh.split(" ")
+        text_spanish = [reverse_aurebesh.get(word, "?") for word in words]
+        return "".join(text_spanish)
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    aurebesh = Aurebesh()
+    print(aurebesh.to_aurebesh("Hola mundo!!"))
+    print(aurebesh.to_espanol("Herf Osk Leth Aurek  Mern Usk Nern Dorn Osk"))

Retos/Reto #16 - LA ESCALERA [Media]/python/Maanghel.py

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+"""
+Crea una función que dibuje una escalera según su número de escalones.
+- Si el número es positivo, será ascendente de izquierda a derecha.
+- Si el número es negativo, será descendente de izquierda a derecha.
+- Si el número es cero, se dibujarán dos guiones bajos (__).
+Ejemplo: 4
+ *         _
+ *       _|
+ *     _|
+ *   _|
+ * _|
+"""
+
+def stairs(num_steps: int) -> None:
+    """
+    Draws a staircase in the console based on the given number of steps.
+
+    - Positive values create an ascending staircase (left to right).
+    - Negative values create a descending staircase (left to right).
+    - Zero prints two underscores (__).
+
+    Args:
+        num_steps (int): Number of steps in the staircase.
+    """
+    _validate_steps(num_steps)
+    if num_steps == 0:
+        print("__")
+    elif num_steps > 0:
+        print(f"{'_':>{(num_steps * 2) + 1}}")
+        for i in range(num_steps * 2, 0, -2):
+            print(f"{'_|':>{i}}")
+    else:
+        print("_")
+        for i in range(1, abs(num_steps * 2) + 1, 2):
+            print(f"{'|_':>{i + 2}}")
+
+def _validate_steps(steps: int) -> None:
+    """
+    Validate that the given input is an integer.
+
+    Args:
+        steps (int): The number of steps to validate.
+
+    Raises:
+        TypeError: If the input is not an integer.
+    """
+    if not isinstance(steps, int):
+        raise TypeError("Solo se aceptan enteros como datos.")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    stairs(-6)
+    stairs(6)