Support returning default index_options for semantic_text fields when include_defaults is true (elastic#129967)

kderusso · mridula-s109 · commit e480afdee031 · 2025-07-03T11:48:18.000+01:00
diff --git a/docs/changelog/129967.yaml b/docs/changelog/129967.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+pr: 129967
+summary: Support returning default `index_options` for `semantic_text` fields when
+  `include_defaults` is true
+area: Search
+type: bug
+issues: []
diff --git a/x-pack/plugin/inference/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/inference/InferenceFeatures.java b/x-pack/plugin/inference/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/inference/InferenceFeatures.java
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 
 import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.inference.mapper.SemanticTextFieldMapper.SEMANTIC_TEXT_EXCLUDE_SUB_FIELDS_FROM_FIELD_CAPS;
 import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.inference.mapper.SemanticTextFieldMapper.SEMANTIC_TEXT_INDEX_OPTIONS;
+import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.inference.mapper.SemanticTextFieldMapper.SEMANTIC_TEXT_INDEX_OPTIONS_WITH_DEFAULTS;
 import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.inference.mapper.SemanticTextFieldMapper.SEMANTIC_TEXT_SUPPORT_CHUNKING_CONFIG;
 import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.inference.queries.SemanticKnnVectorQueryRewriteInterceptor.SEMANTIC_KNN_FILTER_FIX;
 import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.inference.queries.SemanticKnnVectorQueryRewriteInterceptor.SEMANTIC_KNN_VECTOR_QUERY_REWRITE_INTERCEPTION_SUPPORTED;
@@ -66,7 +67,8 @@ public Set<NodeFeature> getTestFeatures() {
             SEMANTIC_TEXT_MATCH_ALL_HIGHLIGHTER,
             SEMANTIC_TEXT_EXCLUDE_SUB_FIELDS_FROM_FIELD_CAPS,
             SEMANTIC_TEXT_INDEX_OPTIONS,
-            COHERE_V2_API
+            COHERE_V2_API,
+            SEMANTIC_TEXT_INDEX_OPTIONS_WITH_DEFAULTS
         );
     }
 }
diff --git a/x-pack/plugin/inference/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/inference/mapper/SemanticTextFieldMapper.java b/x-pack/plugin/inference/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/inference/mapper/SemanticTextFieldMapper.java
@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@
 import org.elasticsearch.inference.InferenceResults;
 import org.elasticsearch.inference.MinimalServiceSettings;
 import org.elasticsearch.inference.SimilarityMeasure;
+import org.elasticsearch.inference.TaskType;
 import org.elasticsearch.search.fetch.StoredFieldsSpec;
 import org.elasticsearch.search.lookup.Source;
 import org.elasticsearch.search.vectors.KnnVectorQueryBuilder;
@@ -139,6 +140,9 @@ public class SemanticTextFieldMapper extends FieldMapper implements InferenceFie
         "semantic_text.exclude_sub_fields_from_field_caps"
     );
     public static final NodeFeature SEMANTIC_TEXT_INDEX_OPTIONS = new NodeFeature("semantic_text.index_options");
+    public static final NodeFeature SEMANTIC_TEXT_INDEX_OPTIONS_WITH_DEFAULTS = new NodeFeature(
+        "semantic_text.index_options_with_defaults"
+    );
 
     public static final String CONTENT_TYPE = "semantic_text";
     public static final String DEFAULT_ELSER_2_INFERENCE_ID = DEFAULT_ELSER_ID;
@@ -166,19 +170,9 @@ public static BiConsumer<String, MappingParserContext> validateParserContext(Str
     public static class Builder extends FieldMapper.Builder {
         private final ModelRegistry modelRegistry;
         private final boolean useLegacyFormat;
+        private final IndexVersion indexVersionCreated;
 
-        private final Parameter<String> inferenceId = Parameter.stringParam(
-            INFERENCE_ID_FIELD,
-            false,
-            mapper -> ((SemanticTextFieldType) mapper.fieldType()).inferenceId,
-            DEFAULT_ELSER_2_INFERENCE_ID
-        ).addValidator(v -> {
-            if (Strings.isEmpty(v)) {
-                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
-                    "[" + INFERENCE_ID_FIELD + "] on mapper [" + leafName() + "] of type [" + CONTENT_TYPE + "] must not be empty"
-                );
-            }
-        }).alwaysSerialize();
+        private final Parameter<String> inferenceId;
 
         private final Parameter<String> searchInferenceId = Parameter.stringParam(
             SEARCH_INFERENCE_ID_FIELD,
@@ -193,25 +187,9 @@ public static class Builder extends FieldMapper.Builder {
             }
         });
 
-        private final Parameter<MinimalServiceSettings> modelSettings = new Parameter<>(
-            MODEL_SETTINGS_FIELD,
-            true,
-            () -> null,
-            (n, c, o) -> SemanticTextField.parseModelSettingsFromMap(o),
-            mapper -> ((SemanticTextFieldType) mapper.fieldType()).modelSettings,
-            XContentBuilder::field,
-            Objects::toString
-        ).acceptsNull().setMergeValidator(SemanticTextFieldMapper::canMergeModelSettings);
+        private final Parameter<MinimalServiceSettings> modelSettings;
 
-        private final Parameter<SemanticTextIndexOptions> indexOptions = new Parameter<>(
-            INDEX_OPTIONS_FIELD,
-            true,
-            () -> null,
-            (n, c, o) -> parseIndexOptionsFromMap(n, o, c.indexVersionCreated()),
-            mapper -> ((SemanticTextFieldType) mapper.fieldType()).indexOptions,
-            XContentBuilder::field,
-            Objects::toString
-        ).acceptsNull();
+        private final Parameter<SemanticTextIndexOptions> indexOptions;
 
         @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
         private final Parameter<ChunkingSettings> chunkingSettings = new Parameter<>(
@@ -248,6 +226,50 @@ public Builder(
             super(name);
             this.modelRegistry = modelRegistry;
             this.useLegacyFormat = InferenceMetadataFieldsMapper.isEnabled(indexSettings.getSettings()) == false;
+            this.indexVersionCreated = indexSettings.getIndexVersionCreated();
+
+            this.inferenceId = Parameter.stringParam(
+                INFERENCE_ID_FIELD,
+                false,
+                mapper -> ((SemanticTextFieldType) mapper.fieldType()).inferenceId,
+                DEFAULT_ELSER_2_INFERENCE_ID
+            ).addValidator(v -> {
+                if (Strings.isEmpty(v)) {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                        "[" + INFERENCE_ID_FIELD + "] on mapper [" + leafName() + "] of type [" + CONTENT_TYPE + "] must not be empty"
+                    );
+                }
+            }).alwaysSerialize();
+
+            this.modelSettings = new Parameter<>(
+                MODEL_SETTINGS_FIELD,
+                true,
+                () -> null,
+                (n, c, o) -> SemanticTextField.parseModelSettingsFromMap(o),
+                mapper -> ((SemanticTextFieldType) mapper.fieldType()).modelSettings,
+                XContentBuilder::field,
+                Objects::toString
+            ).acceptsNull().setMergeValidator(SemanticTextFieldMapper::canMergeModelSettings);
+
+            this.indexOptions = new Parameter<>(
+                INDEX_OPTIONS_FIELD,
+                true,
+                () -> null,
+                (n, c, o) -> parseIndexOptionsFromMap(n, o, c.indexVersionCreated()),
+                mapper -> ((SemanticTextFieldType) mapper.fieldType()).indexOptions,
+                (b, n, v) -> {
+                    if (v == null) {
+                        MinimalServiceSettings resolvedModelSettings = modelSettings.get() != null
+                            ? modelSettings.get()
+                            : modelRegistry.getMinimalServiceSettings(inferenceId.get());
+                        b.field(INDEX_OPTIONS_FIELD, defaultIndexOptions(indexVersionCreated, resolvedModelSettings));
+                    } else {
+                        b.field(INDEX_OPTIONS_FIELD, v);
+                    }
+                },
+                Objects::toString
+            ).acceptsNull();
+
             this.inferenceFieldBuilder = c -> {
                 // Resolve the model setting from the registry if it has not been set yet.
                 var resolvedModelSettings = modelSettings.get() != null ? modelSettings.get() : getResolvedModelSettings(c, false);
@@ -365,8 +387,11 @@ public SemanticTextFieldMapper build(MapperBuilderContext context) {
                 validateServiceSettings(modelSettings.get(), resolvedModelSettings);
             }
 
-            if (context.getMergeReason() != MapperService.MergeReason.MAPPING_RECOVERY && indexOptions.get() != null) {
-                validateIndexOptions(indexOptions.get(), inferenceId.getValue(), resolvedModelSettings);
+            // If index_options are specified by the user, we will validate them against the model settings to ensure compatibility.
+            // We do not serialize or otherwise store model settings at this time, this happens when the underlying vector field is created.
+            SemanticTextIndexOptions builderIndexOptions = indexOptions.get();
+            if (context.getMergeReason() != MapperService.MergeReason.MAPPING_RECOVERY && builderIndexOptions != null) {
+                validateIndexOptions(builderIndexOptions, inferenceId.getValue(), resolvedModelSettings);
             }
 
             final String fullName = context.buildFullName(leafName());
@@ -1166,6 +1191,9 @@ private static Mapper.Builder createEmbeddingsField(
                 }
                 denseVectorMapperBuilder.dimensions(modelSettings.dimensions());
                 denseVectorMapperBuilder.elementType(modelSettings.elementType());
+                // Here is where we persist index_options. If they are specified by the user, we will use those index_options,
+                // otherwise we will determine if we can set default index options. If we can't, we won't persist any index_options
+                // and the field will use the defaults for the dense_vector field.
                 if (indexOptions != null) {
                     DenseVectorFieldMapper.DenseVectorIndexOptions denseVectorIndexOptions =
                         (DenseVectorFieldMapper.DenseVectorIndexOptions) indexOptions.indexOptions();
@@ -1208,7 +1236,6 @@ static DenseVectorFieldMapper.DenseVectorIndexOptions defaultDenseVectorIndexOpt
         // As embedding models for text perform better with BBQ, we aggressively default semantic_text fields to use optimized index
         // options
         if (indexVersionDefaultsToBbqHnsw(indexVersionCreated)) {
-
             DenseVectorFieldMapper.DenseVectorIndexOptions defaultBbqHnswIndexOptions = defaultBbqHnswDenseVectorIndexOptions();
             return defaultBbqHnswIndexOptions.validate(modelSettings.elementType(), modelSettings.dimensions(), false)
                 ? defaultBbqHnswIndexOptions
@@ -1230,11 +1257,24 @@ static DenseVectorFieldMapper.DenseVectorIndexOptions defaultBbqHnswDenseVectorI
         return new DenseVectorFieldMapper.BBQHnswIndexOptions(m, efConstruction, rescoreVector);
     }
 
-    static SemanticTextIndexOptions defaultBbqHnswSemanticTextIndexOptions() {
-        return new SemanticTextIndexOptions(
-            SemanticTextIndexOptions.SupportedIndexOptions.DENSE_VECTOR,
-            defaultBbqHnswDenseVectorIndexOptions()
-        );
+    static SemanticTextIndexOptions defaultIndexOptions(IndexVersion indexVersionCreated, MinimalServiceSettings modelSettings) {
+
+        if (modelSettings == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        SemanticTextIndexOptions defaultIndexOptions = null;
+        if (modelSettings.taskType() == TaskType.TEXT_EMBEDDING) {
+            DenseVectorFieldMapper.DenseVectorIndexOptions denseVectorIndexOptions = defaultDenseVectorIndexOptions(
+                indexVersionCreated,
+                modelSettings
+            );
+            defaultIndexOptions = denseVectorIndexOptions == null
+                ? null
+                : new SemanticTextIndexOptions(SemanticTextIndexOptions.SupportedIndexOptions.DENSE_VECTOR, denseVectorIndexOptions);
+        }
+
+        return defaultIndexOptions;
     }
 
     private static boolean canMergeModelSettings(MinimalServiceSettings previous, MinimalServiceSettings current, Conflicts conflicts) {
diff --git a/x-pack/plugin/inference/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/inference/mapper/SemanticTextIndexOptions.java b/x-pack/plugin/inference/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/inference/mapper/SemanticTextIndexOptions.java
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
 
 /**
  * Represents index options for a semantic_text field.
@@ -50,6 +51,25 @@ public IndexOptions indexOptions() {
         return indexOptions;
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object other) {
+        if (other == this) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (other == null || getClass() != other.getClass()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        SemanticTextIndexOptions otherSemanticTextIndexOptions = (SemanticTextIndexOptions) other;
+        return type == otherSemanticTextIndexOptions.type && Objects.equals(indexOptions, otherSemanticTextIndexOptions.indexOptions);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(type, indexOptions);
+    }
+
     public enum SupportedIndexOptions {
         DENSE_VECTOR("dense_vector") {
             @Override
diff --git a/x-pack/plugin/inference/src/yamlRestTest/resources/rest-api-spec/test/inference/10_semantic_text_field_mapping.yml b/x-pack/plugin/inference/src/yamlRestTest/resources/rest-api-spec/test/inference/10_semantic_text_field_mapping.yml
@@ -833,3 +833,147 @@ setup:
                   type: int8_flat
 
   - match: { status: 400 }
+
+
+---
+"Displaying default index_options with and without include_defaults":
+  - requires:
+      cluster_features: "semantic_text.index_options_with_defaults"
+      reason: Index options defaults support introduced in 9.2.0
+
+  # Semantic text defaults to BBQ HNSW starting in 8.19.0/9.1.0
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: test-index-options-dense
+        body:
+          settings:
+            index:
+              mapping:
+                semantic_text:
+                  use_legacy_format: false
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              semantic_field:
+                type: semantic_text
+                inference_id: dense-inference-id-compatible-with-bbq
+
+  - do:
+      indices.get_mapping:
+        index: test-index-options-dense
+
+  - not_exists: test-index-options-dense.mappings.properties.semantic_field.index_options
+
+  - do:
+      indices.get_field_mapping:
+        index: test-index-options-dense
+        fields: semantic_field
+        include_defaults: true
+
+  - match: { "test-index-options-dense.mappings.semantic_field.mapping.semantic_field.index_options.dense_vector.type": "bbq_hnsw" }
+  - match: { "test-index-options-dense.mappings.semantic_field.mapping.semantic_field.index_options.dense_vector.m": 16 }
+  - match: { "test-index-options-dense.mappings.semantic_field.mapping.semantic_field.index_options.dense_vector.ef_construction": 100 }
+  - match: { "test-index-options-dense.mappings.semantic_field.mapping.semantic_field.index_options.dense_vector.rescore_vector.oversample": 3 }
+
+  # Validate that actually specifying the same values as our defaults will still serialize the user provided index_options
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: test-index-options-dense2
+        body:
+          settings:
+            index:
+              mapping:
+                semantic_text:
+                  use_legacy_format: false
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              semantic_field:
+                type: semantic_text
+                inference_id: dense-inference-id-compatible-with-bbq
+                index_options:
+                  dense_vector:
+                    type: bbq_hnsw
+                    m: 16
+                    ef_construction: 100
+                    rescore_vector:
+                      oversample: 3
+
+  - do:
+      indices.get_mapping:
+        index: test-index-options-dense2
+
+  - match: { "test-index-options-dense2.mappings.properties.semantic_field.index_options.dense_vector.type": "bbq_hnsw" }
+  - match: { "test-index-options-dense2.mappings.properties.semantic_field.index_options.dense_vector.m": 16 }
+  - match: { "test-index-options-dense2.mappings.properties.semantic_field.index_options.dense_vector.ef_construction": 100 }
+  - match: { "test-index-options-dense2.mappings.properties.semantic_field.index_options.dense_vector.rescore_vector.oversample": 3 }
+
+  - do:
+      indices.get_field_mapping:
+        index: test-index-options-dense2
+        fields: semantic_field
+        include_defaults: true
+
+  - match: { "test-index-options-dense2.mappings.semantic_field.mapping.semantic_field.index_options.dense_vector.type": "bbq_hnsw" }
+  - match: { "test-index-options-dense2.mappings.semantic_field.mapping.semantic_field.index_options.dense_vector.m": 16 }
+  - match: { "test-index-options-dense2.mappings.semantic_field.mapping.semantic_field.index_options.dense_vector.ef_construction": 100 }
+  - match: { "test-index-options-dense2.mappings.semantic_field.mapping.semantic_field.index_options.dense_vector.rescore_vector.oversample": 3 }
+
+  # Indices not compatible with BBQ for whatever reason will fall back to whatever `dense_vector` defaults are.
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: test-index-options-dense-no-bbq
+        body:
+          settings:
+            index:
+              mapping:
+                semantic_text:
+                  use_legacy_format: false
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              semantic_field:
+                type: semantic_text
+                inference_id: dense-inference-id
+
+  - do:
+      indices.get_mapping:
+        index: test-index-options-dense-no-bbq
+
+  - not_exists: test-index-options-dense-no-bbq.mappings.properties.semantic_field.index_options
+
+  - do:
+      indices.get_field_mapping:
+        index: test-index-options-dense-no-bbq
+        fields: semantic_field
+        include_defaults: true
+
+  - not_exists: test-index-options-dense-no-bbq.mappings.properties.semantic_field.index_options
+
+  # Sparse embeddings models do not have index options for semantic_text in 8.19/9.1.
+  - do:
+      indices.create:
+        index: test-index-options-sparse
+        body:
+          settings:
+            index:
+              mapping:
+                semantic_text:
+                  use_legacy_format: false
+          mappings:
+            properties:
+              semantic_field:
+                type: semantic_text
+                inference_id: sparse-inference-id
+
+  - do:
+      indices.get_mapping:
+        index: test-index-options-sparse
+
+  - not_exists: test-index-options-sparse.mappings.properties.semantic_field.index_options
+
+  - do:
+      indices.get_field_mapping:
+        index: test-index-options-sparse
+        fields: semantic_field
+        include_defaults: true
+
+  - not_exists: test-index-options-sparse.mappings.properties.semantic_field.index_options
+
diff --git a/x-pack/plugin/inference/src/yamlRestTest/resources/rest-api-spec/test/inference/10_semantic_text_field_mapping_bwc.yml b/x-pack/plugin/inference/src/yamlRestTest/resources/rest-api-spec/test/inference/10_semantic_text_field_mapping_bwc.yml
