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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: modules/ROOT/pages/authentication-authorization/dbms-administration.adoc
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@@ -79,13 +79,14 @@ The xref:authentication-authorization/built-in-roles.adoc#access-control-built-i
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These include:
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* Create, delete, and modify databases and aliases.
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* <<access-control-dbms-administration-database-management, Create, delete, and modify databases>> and <<access-control-dbms-administration-alias-management, aliases>>.
* Manage <<access-control-dbms-administration-load-privileges, load data security>>.
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To enable a user to perform these tasks, you can grant them the `admin` role, but it is also possible to make a custom role with a subset of these privileges.
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All privileges are also assignable using Cypher commands.
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=== Create a custom administrator role by copying the `admin` role
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You can also create a custom administrator role that can perform almost all DBMS capabilities, excluding database management.
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You can also create a custom administrator role that can perform almost all DBMS capabilities, excluding database management.
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This is done by copying the `admin` role and denying the privileges you do not want.
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However, the role still has some limited database capabilities, such as managing transactions:
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@@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ DENY DATABASE MANAGEMENT ON DBMS TO customAdministrator
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GRANT TRANSACTION MANAGEMENT (*) ON DATABASE * TO customAdministrator
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----
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As a result, the `customAdministrator` role has privileges that include all DBMS privileges except creating, dropping, and modifying databases and aliases, as well as managing transactions.
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As a result, the `customAdministrator` role has privileges that include all DBMS privileges except creating, dropping, and modifying databases, as well as managing transactions.
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. To list all privileges for the role `customAdministrator` as commands, use the following query:
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[source, cypher, role=noplay]
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a|Rows: 3
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|===
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===
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CREATE ROLE newRole AS COPY OF admin and then revoke the ability to read/write/load data?
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[source, cypher, role=noplay]
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----
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CREATE ROLE newRole AS COPY OF admin;
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REVOKE GRANT MATCH {*} ON GRAPH * NODE * FROM newRole;
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REVOKE GRANT MATCH {*} ON GRAPH * RELATIONSHIP * FROM newRole;
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REVOKE GRANT WRITE ON GRAPH * FROM newRole;
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REVOKE GRANT LOAD ON ALL DATA FROM newRole;
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----
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potentially also remove the index/constraint/name management
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[source, cypher, role=noplay]
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----
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REVOKE GRANT CONSTRAINT MANAGEMENT ON DATABASE * FROM newRole;
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REVOKE GRANT INDEX MANAGEMENT ON DATABASE * FROM newRole;
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REVOKE GRANT NAME MANAGEMENT ON DATABASE * FROM newRole;
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REVOKE GRANT SHOW CONSTRAINT ON DATABASE * FROM newRole;
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REVOKE GRANT SHOW INDEX ON DATABASE * FROM newRole;
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----
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If you want to be fancy we could also change what they have access on to system only:
You can grant the privilege to assign roles using the `ASSIGN ROLE` privilege.
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You can grant the privilege to assign roles to users using the `ASSIGN ROLE` privilege.
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For example:
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[source, cypher, role=noplay]
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=== Grant privilege to remove roles
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You can grant the privilege to remove roles using the `REMOVE ROLE` privilege.
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You can grant the privilege to remove roles from users using the `REMOVE ROLE` privilege.
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For example:
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[source, cypher, role=noplay]
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You can grant the privilege to show roles using the `SHOW ROLE` privilege.
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A role with this privilege is allowed to execute the `SHOW ROLES` and `SHOW POPULATED ROLES` administration commands.
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The following query shows an example of how to grant the `SHOW ROLE` privilege:
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[NOTE]
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====
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In order to use `SHOW ROLES WITH USERS` and `SHOW POPULATED ROLES WITH USERS` administration commands, both the `SHOW ROLE` and the `SHOW USER` privileges are required.
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====
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The following query shows an example of how to grant the `SHOW ROLE` privilege:
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[source, cypher, role=noplay]
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----
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GRANT SHOW ROLE ON DBMS TO roleShower
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a|Rows: 1
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|===
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The `SET PASSWORDS` privilege allows the user to run the `ALTER USER` administration command with one or both of the `SET PASSWORD` and `SET PASSWORD CHANGE [NOT] REQUIRED` parts.
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The `SET PASSWORDS` privilege allows you to run the `ALTER USER` administration command with one or both of the `SET PASSWORD` and `SET PASSWORD CHANGE [NOT] REQUIRED` parts.
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[source, cypher, role=noplay]
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ALTER USER jake SET PASSWORD 'abcd5678' CHANGE NOT REQUIRED
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A user that is granted the `SET AUTH` privilege is allowed to run the `ALTER USER` administration command with one or both of the `SET AUTH` and `REMOVE AUTH` parts:
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=== Grant privilege to modify users' auth providers
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You can grant the privilege to modify users' auth providers using the `SET AUTH` privilege.
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For example:
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[source, cypher, role=noplay]
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----
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GRANT SET AUTH ON DBMS TO userModifier
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----
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As a result, the `userModifier` role has privileges that only allow modifying users' auth providers.
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The `SET AUTH` privilege allows the user to run the `ALTER USER` administration command with one or both of the `SET
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AUTH` and `REMOVE AUTH` parts.
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For example:
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[source, cypher, role=noplay]
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ALTER USER jake REMOVE AUTH 'native SET AUTH 'oidc-okta' { SET id 'jakesUniqueOktaUserId' }
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ALTER USER jake REMOVE AUTH 'native' SET AUTH 'oidc-okta' { SET id 'jakesUniqueOktaUserId' }
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----
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=== Grant privilege to modify the account status of users
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a|Rows: 1
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|===
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A user that is granted the `SET USER STATUS` privilege is allowed to run the `ALTER USER` administration command with only the `SET STATUS` part:
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The `SET USER STATUS` privilege allows the user to run the `ALTER USER` administration command with only the `SET STATUS` part:
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[source, cypher, role=noplay]
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a|Rows: 2
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|===
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A user that is granted the `SET USER HOME DATABASE` privilege is allowed to run the `ALTER USER` administration command with only the `SET HOME DATABASE` or `REMOVE HOME DATABASE` part:
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The `SET USER HOME DATABASE` privilege allows you to run the `ALTER USER` administration command with only the `SET HOME DATABASE` or `REMOVE HOME DATABASE` part:
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: modules/ROOT/pages/database-administration/aliases/manage-aliases-standard-databases.adoc
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@@ -13,27 +13,14 @@ If a transaction modifies a database alias, other transactions concurrently exec
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This prevents issues such as a transaction executing against multiple target databases for the same alias.
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====
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When a query is run against a database alias, it will be redirected to the target database.
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The home database for users can be set to an alias, which will be resolved to the target database on use.
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Starting with Neo4j 2025.04, a database alias can also be set as the default database.
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This page describes managing database aliases for standard databases.
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For aliases created as part of a xref:database-administration/composite-databases/concepts.adoc[composite database], see xref:database-administration/aliases/manage-aliases-composite-databases.adoc[].
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There are two kinds of database aliases - local and remote:
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Local database aliases::
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A local database alias can only target a database within the same DBMS.
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It can be used in all Cypher commands in place of the target database.
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Please note that the local database alias will be resolved while executing the command.
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Privileges are defined on the target database, and not the local database alias.
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[NOTE]
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====
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Starting with Neo4j 2025.06, a database can be assigned a default Cypher version.
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However, local database aliases cannot be assigned a default Cypher version.
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They always get the Cypher version of their target database.
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====
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Remote database aliases::
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A remote database alias may target a database from another Neo4j DBMS.
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Remote database aliases require configuration to safely connect to the remote target, which is described in xref::database-administration/aliases/remote-database-alias-configuration.adoc[Connecting remote databases].
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It is not possible to impersonate a user on the remote database or to execute an administration command on the remote database via a remote database alias.
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Starting with Neo4j 2025.06, a remote database alias can be assigned a default Cypher version.
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[NOTE]
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====
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Starting with Neo4j 2025.06, a database or remote alias can be assigned a default Cypher version.
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However, local database aliases cannot be assigned a default Cypher version.
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They always get the Cypher version of their target database.
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====
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When a query is run against a database alias, it will be redirected to the target database.
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The home database for users can be set to an alias, which will be resolved to the target database on use.
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Starting with Neo4j 2025.04, a database alias can also be set as the DBMS default database.
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This page describes managing database aliases for standard databases.
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For aliases created as part of a xref:database-administration/composite-databases/concepts.adoc[composite database], see xref:database-administration/aliases/manage-aliases-composite-databases.adoc[].
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[[manage-aliases-list]]
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== List database aliases
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////
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You can list all available database aliases using the `SHOW ALIASES FOR DATABASE` command.
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The command returns a table of all standard and composite database aliases. +
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The command returns a table of all database aliases, whether they belong to a composite database or not. +
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If you need more details, you can append the command with `YIELD *`.
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The `YIELD *` clause returns the full set of columns.
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The required privileges are described in the xref:authentication-authorization/dbms-administration.adoc#access-control-dbms-administration-alias-management[The DBMS ALIAS MANAGEMENT privileges].
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ CREATE OR REPLACE ALIAS `northwind` FOR DATABASE `northwind-graph-2021`
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----
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This is equivalent to running ```DROP ALIAS `northwind++` IF EXISTS FOR DATABASE++``` followed by ```CREATE ALIAS `northwind++` FOR DATABASE `northwind-graph-2021++````.
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[NOTE]
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====
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The `IF NOT EXISTS` and `OR REPLACE` parts of these commands cannot be used together.
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Since remote database aliases target databases that are not in this DBMS, they do not fetch the default Cypher version from their target like the local database aliases.
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Instead, they are assigned the version given by xref:configuration/configuration-settings.adoc#config_db.query.default_language[`db.query.default_language`], which is set in the `neo4j.conf` file.
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Alternatively, you can specify the version in the `CREATE ALIAS` or `ALTER ALIAS` commands.
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See xref:database-administration/aliases/manage-aliases-standard-databases.adoc#set-default-language-for-remote-database-aliases[] and xref:database-administration/aliases/manage-aliases-standard-databases.adoc#alter-default-language-remote-database-alias[] for more information.
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.Query
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It is be validated when the command is executed.
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* `connection_timeout` (For details, see xref:configuration/configuration-settings.adoc#config_dbms.routing.driver.connection.connect_timeout[dbms.routing.driver.connection.connect_timeout].)
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* `connection_max_lifetime` (For details, see xref:configuration/configuration-settings.adoc#config_dbms.routing.driver.connection.max_lifetime[dbms.routing.driver.connection.max_lifetime].)
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* `connection_pool_acquisition_timeout` (Foror details, see xref:configuration/configuration-settings.adoc#config_dbms.routing.driver.connection_pool_acquisition_timeout[dbms.routing.driver.connection_pool_acquisition_timeout].)
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* `connection_pool_acquisition_timeout` (For details, see xref:configuration/configuration-settings.adoc#config_dbms.routing.driver.connection_pool_acquisition_timeout[dbms.routing.driver.connection_pool_acquisition_timeout].)
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* `connection_pool_idle_test` (For details, see xref:configuration/configuration-settings.adoc#config_dbms.routing.driver.connection_pool_idle_test[dbms.routing.driver.connection_pool_idle_test].)
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* `connection_pool_max_size` (For details, see xref:configuration/configuration-settings.adoc#config_dbms.routing.driver.connection.pool.max_size[dbms.routing.driver.connection.pool.max_size].)
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* `logging_level` (For details, see xref:configuration/configuration-settings.adoc#config_dbms.routing.driver.logging.level[dbms.routing.driver.logging.level].)
@@ -470,6 +472,7 @@ SHOW ALIAS `remote-with-driver-settings` FOR DATABASE YIELD *
==== Set a default Cypher version for remote database aliases
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You can set a default Cypher version for remote database aliases using the `DEFAULT LANGUAGE` clause of the `CREATE ALIAS` or `ALTER ALIAS` commands.
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== Alter database aliases
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You can alter both local and remote database aliases using the `ALTER ALIAS` command.
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The command allows you to change the target database, properties, URL, user credentials, default language, or driver settings of the database alias.
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For all aliases, the command allows you to change the target database and properties of the database alias.
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For remote aliases, the command also allows you to change the URL, user credentials, default language, or driver settings of the database alias.
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The required privileges are described in the xref:authentication-authorization/dbms-administration.adoc#access-control-dbms-administration-alias-management[The DBMS ALIAS MANAGEMENT privileges].
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Only the clauses used will be altered.
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To verify that the local database alias has a new target database, you can use the `SHOW DATABASE` command.
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It shows up in the `aliases` column for the target database.
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.Query
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[source, cypher]
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.Query
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[source, cypher]
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ALTER ALIAS `remote-northwind` SET DATABASE
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TARGET `northwind-graph-2020` AT "neo4j+s://other-location:7687"
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ALTER ALIAS `remote-northwind`
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SET DATABASE TARGET `northwind-graph-2020` AT "neo4j+s://other-location:7687"
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----
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=== Alter a remote database alias credentials and driver settings
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You can change the user credentials and driver settings of a remote database alias using the `USER`, `PASSWORD`, and `DRIVER` clauses of the `ALTER ALIAS` command.
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You can change the user credentials and driver settings of a remote database alias using the `USER`, `PASSWORD`, and `DRIVER` subclauses of the `SET DATABASE` clause of the `ALTER ALIAS` command.
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For example:
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.Query
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[source, cypher]
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ALTER ALIAS `remote-with-driver-settings` SET DATABASE
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USER bob
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PASSWORD 'new_example_secret'
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DRIVER {
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connection_timeout: duration({ minutes: 1}),
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logging_level: 'debug'
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}
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ALTER ALIAS `remote-with-driver-settings`
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SET DATABASE
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USER bob
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PASSWORD 'new_example_secret'
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DRIVER {
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connection_timeout: duration({ minutes: 1}),
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logging_level: 'debug'
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}
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[IMPORTANT]
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[role=label--new-2025.06]
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[[alter-default-language-remote-database-alias]]
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=== Alter the default Cypher version of a remote database alias
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You can alter the default Cypher version of a remote database alias using the `DEFAULT LANGUAGE` clause of the `ALTER ALIAS` command.
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You can alter the default Cypher version of a remote database alias using the `SET DATABASE DEFAULT LANGUAGE` clause of the `ALTER ALIAS` command.
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For example:
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.Query
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[source, cypher]
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ALTER ALIAS `remote-with-default-language` SET DATABASE
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DEFAULT LANGUAGE CYPHER 5
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ALTER ALIAS `remote-with-default-language`
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SET DATABASE DEFAULT LANGUAGE CYPHER 5
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=== Alter properties of local and remote database aliases
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DROP ALIAS `northwind` FOR DATABASE
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To verify that the local database alias has been deleted, you can use the `SHOW ALIASES FOR DATABASE` command.
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To verify that the local database alias has been deleted, you can use the `SHOW DATABASES` command.
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The deleted alias will no longer appear in the `aliases` column.
Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: modules/ROOT/pages/database-administration/index.adoc
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@@ -8,7 +8,16 @@ The DBMS can manage a standalone server, or a group of servers in a cluster.
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A database is an administrative partition of a DBMS.
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In practical terms, it is a physical structure of files organized within a directory or folder, that has the same name of the database.
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This chapter describes how to manage local and remote standard databases, composite databases, and database aliases.
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This chapter describes how to manage local and remote standard databases, composite databases, and database aliases. +
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All databases are managed using the Cypher administration commands.
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For more information on the Cypher administration commands syntax, see xref:database-administration/syntax.adoc[Database management command syntax].
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[WARNING]
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====
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Cypher administration commands must not be used during a rolling upgrade.
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For more information, see link:{neo4j-docs-base-uri}/upgrade-migration-guide/upgrade/upgrade-4.4/causal-cluster/[Upgrade and Migration Guide -> Upgrade a cluster].
SET TOPOLOGY n PRIMAR{Y\|IES} [m SECONDAR{Y\|IES}] \|
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SET OPTION option value \|
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SET OPTION option value
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}
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[WAIT [n [SEC[OND[S]]]]\|NOWAIT]
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[role=label--new-2025.06]
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[[alter-database-default-language]]
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== Alter database default language
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== Alter database default Cypher version
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You can change the default Cypher version of an existing database, including the `system` database, using the `ALTER DATABASE` command with the `SET DEFAULT LANGUAGE` clause.
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For example:
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ For more information, see xref::clustering/databases.adoc#alter-topology[Managin
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