diff --git a/lib/private/L10N/Factory.php b/lib/private/L10N/Factory.php
index 27d29eb3b356e..fa8cc51f60636 100644
--- a/lib/private/L10N/Factory.php
+++ b/lib/private/L10N/Factory.php
@@ -94,11 +94,8 @@ public function __construct(
 	public function get($app, $lang = null, $locale = null) {
 		return new LazyL10N(function () use ($app, $lang, $locale) {
 			$app = $this->appManager->cleanAppId($app);
-			if ($lang !== null) {
-				$lang = str_replace(['\0', '/', '\\', '..'], '', $lang);
-			}
-
-			$forceLang = $this->request->getParam('forceLanguage') ?? $this->config->getSystemValue('force_language', false);
+			$lang = $this->cleanLanguage($lang);
+			$forceLang = $this->cleanLanguage($this->request->getParam('forceLanguage')) ?? $this->config->getSystemValue('force_language', false);
 			if (is_string($forceLang)) {
 				$lang = $forceLang;
 			}
@@ -128,6 +125,29 @@ public function get($app, $lang = null, $locale = null) {
 		});
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Remove some invalid characters before using a string as a language
+	 *
+	 * @psalm-taint-escape callable
+	 * @psalm-taint-escape cookie
+	 * @psalm-taint-escape file
+	 * @psalm-taint-escape has_quotes
+	 * @psalm-taint-escape header
+	 * @psalm-taint-escape html
+	 * @psalm-taint-escape include
+	 * @psalm-taint-escape ldap
+	 * @psalm-taint-escape shell
+	 * @psalm-taint-escape sql
+	 * @psalm-taint-escape unserialize
+	 */
+	private function cleanLanguage(?string $lang): ?string {
+		if ($lang === null) {
+			return null;
+		}
+		$lang = preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9.;,=-]/', '', $lang);
+		return str_replace('..', '', $lang);
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Check that $lang is an existing language and not null, otherwise return the language to use instead
 	 *
@@ -160,7 +180,7 @@ private function validateLanguage(string $app, ?string $lang): string {
 	 */
 	public function findLanguage(?string $appId = null): string {
 		// Step 1: Forced language always has precedence over anything else
-		$forceLang = $this->request->getParam('forceLanguage') ?? $this->config->getSystemValue('force_language', false);
+		$forceLang = $this->cleanLanguage($this->request->getParam('forceLanguage')) ?? $this->config->getSystemValue('force_language', false);
 		if (is_string($forceLang)) {
 			$this->requestLanguage = $forceLang;
 		}
@@ -217,7 +237,7 @@ public function findLanguage(?string $appId = null): string {
 
 	public function findGenericLanguage(?string $appId = null): string {
 		// Step 1: Forced language always has precedence over anything else
-		$forcedLanguage = $this->request->getParam('forceLanguage') ?? $this->config->getSystemValue('force_language', false);
+		$forcedLanguage = $this->cleanLanguage($this->request->getParam('forceLanguage')) ?? $this->config->getSystemValue('force_language', false);
 		if ($forcedLanguage !== false) {
 			return $forcedLanguage;
 		}
@@ -412,7 +432,8 @@ public function getUserLanguage(?IUser $user = null): string {
 				return $language;
 			}
 
-			if (($forcedLanguage = $this->request->getParam('forceLanguage')) !== null) {
+			$forcedLanguage = $this->cleanLanguage($this->request->getParam('forceLanguage'));
+			if ($forcedLanguage !== null) {
 				return $forcedLanguage;
 			}
 
@@ -426,7 +447,7 @@ public function getUserLanguage(?IUser $user = null): string {
 			}
 		}
 
-		return $this->request->getParam('forceLanguage') ?? $this->config->getSystemValueString('default_language', 'en');
+		return $this->cleanLanguage($this->request->getParam('forceLanguage')) ?? $this->config->getSystemValueString('default_language', 'en');
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -452,7 +473,7 @@ public function localeExists($locale) {
 	 * @throws LanguageNotFoundException
 	 */
 	private function getLanguageFromRequest(?string $app = null): string {
-		$header = $this->request->getHeader('ACCEPT_LANGUAGE');
+		$header = $this->cleanLanguage($this->request->getHeader('ACCEPT_LANGUAGE'));
 		if ($header !== '') {
 			$available = $this->findAvailableLanguages($app);
 
diff --git a/tests/lib/L10N/FactoryTest.php b/tests/lib/L10N/FactoryTest.php
index f83dd0bbf8904..bb43c68a21925 100644
--- a/tests/lib/L10N/FactoryTest.php
+++ b/tests/lib/L10N/FactoryTest.php
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 use OCP\IUser;
 use OCP\IUserSession;
 use OCP\L10N\ILanguageIterator;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\DataProvider;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\MockObject\MockObject;
 use Test\TestCase;
 
@@ -90,6 +91,21 @@ protected function getFactory(array $methods = [], $mockRequestGetHeaderMethod =
 		return new Factory($this->config, $this->request, $this->userSession, $this->cacheFactory, $this->serverRoot, $this->appManager);
 	}
 
+	public static function dataCleanLanguage(): array {
+		return [
+			'null shortcut' => [null, null],
+			'default language' => ['de', 'de'],
+			'malicious language' => ['de/../fr', 'defr'],
+			'request language' => ['kab;q=0.8,ka;q=0.7,de;q=0.6', 'kab;q=0.8,ka;q=0.7,de;q=0.6'],
+		];
+	}
+
+	#[DataProvider('dataCleanLanguage')]
+	public function testCleanLanguage(?string $lang, ?string $expected): void {
+		$factory = $this->getFactory();
+		$this->assertSame($expected, self::invokePrivate($factory, 'cleanLanguage', [$lang]));
+	}
+
 	public static function dataFindAvailableLanguages(): array {
 		return [
 			[null],