CI: generalize build jobs to multiple platforms

- Add matrix strategy to build, build_wasm, build-tests, and
  build-tests-webrtc jobs
- Support ubuntu-22.04, ubuntu-24.04, ubuntu-24.04-arm, and macos-latest
- Add platform-specific dependency installation (apt vs brew)
- Update artifact names to include OS identifier to avoid conflicts
- Add documentation update reminders for platform matrix changes

This enables testing builds across multiple platforms while maintaining
the same functionality.

Author: dannywillems

.github/workflows/ci.yaml

@@ -503,7 +503,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Download binary
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
         with:
-          name: bin
+          pattern: bin
 
       - name: Download test
         uses: actions/download-artifact@v4