CI: consolidate workflows and improve caching strategy

- Replace manual dependency installation with setup-build-deps action
- Standardize all workflows to use ubuntu-24.04 for consistency
- Add granular cache prefixes for different build types (lint, format,
  tx-fuzzing)
- Improve build isolation and reduce cache conflicts across jobs

Author: dannywillems

.github/workflows/doc-commands.yml renamed to .github/workflows/doc-commands.yaml

@@ -8,13 +8,15 @@ on:
 jobs:
   format:
     name: Format using nightly
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v5
-      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+      - name: Setup Rust
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-rust
         with:
           toolchain: nightly
           components: rustfmt
+          cache-prefix: format-nightly-v0
       - uses: taiki-e/install-action@v2
         with:
           tool: taplo

.github/workflows/fmt.yaml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ concurrency:
 
 jobs:
   frontend-test:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     steps:
       - name: Git checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v5

.github/workflows/frontend.yaml

@@ -12,21 +12,23 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu-latest]
+        os: [ubuntu-24.04]
         toolchain: [1.84]
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - name: Setup build dependencies
-        run: |
-          sudo apt update || true
-          sudo apt install -y protobuf-compiler sqlite3 || true
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-build-deps
+        with:
+          include-sqlite: true
       - name: Setup SQLite database for SQLx
         run: |
           sqlite3 /tmp/heartbeats.db < tools/heartbeats-processor/schema.sql
-      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+      - name: Setup Rust
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-rust
         with:
           toolchain: ${{ matrix.toolchain }}
           components: clippy, rustfmt
+          cache-prefix: lint-${{ matrix.toolchain }}-v0
       - name: Run make check
         run: make check
         env:
@@ -42,18 +44,18 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu-latest]
+        os: [ubuntu-24.04]
         toolchain: [nightly]
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - name: Setup build dependencies
-        run: |
-          sudo apt update || true
-          sudo apt install -y protobuf-compiler || true
-      - uses: dtolnay/rust-toolchain@stable
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-build-deps
+      - name: Setup Rust
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup-rust
         with:
           toolchain: ${{ matrix.toolchain }}
           components: clippy, rustfmt
+          cache-prefix: lint-tx-fuzzing-${{ matrix.toolchain }}-v0
       - name: Run transaction Fuzzing check
         run: make check-tx-fuzzing
 
@@ -63,7 +65,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu-latest]
+        os: [ubuntu-24.04]
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - name: Install shellcheck
@@ -79,7 +81,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu-latest]
+        os: [ubuntu-24.04]
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v5
       - name: Install hadolint

.github/workflows/lint.yml renamed to .github/workflows/lint.yaml

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ on:
 jobs:
   markdown-format:
     name: Check Markdown Formatting
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
         uses: actions/checkout@v5