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‎FORMULA_ENGINE_IMPLEMENTATION.md‎

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# Formula Engine Implementation Summary
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## Overview
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This implementation adds a complete **Formula Engine** to ObjectQL, enabling metadata-driven calculated fields that are evaluated at query time. The implementation follows the "Trinity" architecture principles and integrates seamlessly with the existing ObjectQL ecosystem.
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## Architecture Decision
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**Decision:** The Formula Engine is implemented in `@objectql/core` (NOT as a separate package).
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**Rationale:**
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1. ✅ **Universal Runtime**: Formula evaluation is core business logic that should run anywhere
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2. ✅ **No Circular Dependencies**: Core depends on types (allowed by the Trinity architecture)
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3. ✅ **Proper Layer**: Formula engine is part of the "Runtime Engine" responsibility
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4. ✅ **Reusability**: Both server and client (SDK) can use the same formula engine
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5. ✅ **Minimal Changes**: Avoids adding package complexity
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## Implementation Details
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### Files Added
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1. **`packages/foundation/core/src/formula-engine.ts`** (576 lines)
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- Main FormulaEngine class
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- Expression evaluation with sandbox
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- System variable injection
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- Type coercion
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- Metadata extraction
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- Custom function registration
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2. **`packages/foundation/core/test/formula-engine.test.ts`** (723 lines)
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- 75 unit tests covering all features
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- Basic arithmetic, string ops, conditionals
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- System variables, Math functions
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- Error handling, validation
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3. **`packages/foundation/core/test/formula-integration.test.ts`** (259 lines)
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- 6 integration tests
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- End-to-end formula evaluation in queries
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- Real-world business logic examples
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4. **`examples/tutorials/tutorial-formulas/`**
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- Complete tutorial with 3 practical examples
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- E-commerce pricing calculations
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- CRM contact management
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- Project health scoring
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### Files Modified
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1. **`packages/foundation/core/src/index.ts`**
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- Added `export * from './formula-engine'`
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2. **`packages/foundation/core/src/repository.ts`**
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- Added `FormulaEngine` instance
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- Added `evaluateFormulas()` private method
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- Integrated formula evaluation in `find()` and `findOne()`
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3. **`packages/foundation/core/test/mock-driver.ts`**
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- Added `setMockData()` helper for testing
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## Features Implemented
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### 1. Expression Evaluation
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- JavaScript-style expressions
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- Field references: `quantity * unit_price`
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- Arithmetic operators: `+`, `-`, `*`, `/`, `%`, `**`
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- Comparison operators: `===`, `!==`, `>`, `<`, `>=`, `<=`
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- Logical operators: `&&`, `||`, `!`
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### 2. Conditional Logic
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- Ternary operator: `is_active ? 'Active' : 'Inactive'`
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- If/else blocks with multi-line support
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- Nested conditionals
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### 3. System Variables
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- `$today`, `$now` - Current date/time
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- `$year`, `$month`, `$day`, `$hour` - Date components
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- `$current_user.id`, `$current_user.name` - User context
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- `$is_new`, `$record_id` - Record context
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### 4. Built-in Functions
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- **Math**: `Math.round()`, `Math.ceil()`, `Math.floor()`, `Math.abs()`, `Math.max()`, `Math.min()`, `Math.pow()`, `Math.sqrt()`
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- **String**: `.toUpperCase()`, `.toLowerCase()`, `.trim()`, `.substring()`, `.charAt()`, `.replace()`, `.length`
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- **Date**: `.getFullYear()`, `.getMonth()`, `.getDate()`, `.getDay()`, `.toISOString()`
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### 5. Type Coercion
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- Automatic conversion between: number, text, boolean, date, datetime, currency, percent
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- Type validation and error handling
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- Null/undefined handling
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### 6. Security & Sandboxing
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- Blocked operations: `eval`, `Function`, `require`, `import`
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- Configurable allowed globals
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- Execution timeout protection
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### 7. Error Handling
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- Custom `FormulaError` class with specific error types
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- Graceful degradation (formula errors return null)
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- Detailed error context for debugging
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### 8. Metadata Extraction
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- Dependency analysis (fields referenced)
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- System variable detection
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- Lookup chain identification
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- Complexity estimation
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## Test Coverage
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### Unit Tests (75 tests)
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- ✅ Basic Arithmetic (7 tests)
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- ✅ Field References (3 tests)
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- ✅ String Operations (7 tests)
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- ✅ Comparison Operators (6 tests)
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- ✅ Logical Operators (3 tests)
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- ✅ Conditional Expressions (3 tests)
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- ✅ System Variables (7 tests)
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- ✅ Math Functions (8 tests)
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- ✅ Date Functions (3 tests)
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- ✅ Null Handling (3 tests)
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- ✅ Type Coercion (4 tests)
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- ✅ Error Handling (5 tests)
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- ✅ Complex Business Logic (2 tests)
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- ✅ Metadata Extraction (4 tests)
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- ✅ Custom Functions (2 tests)
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- ✅ Validation (4 tests)
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- ✅ Real-world Examples (4 tests)
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### Integration Tests (6 tests)
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- ✅ Formula evaluation in find()
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- ✅ Formula evaluation in findOne()
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- ✅ Null value handling
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- ✅ Complex financial formulas
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- ✅ Conditional logic
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- ✅ Error handling
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**Total: 81/81 tests passing ✅**
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## Usage Example
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```typescript
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// Define object with formula fields
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app.registerObject({
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name: 'contact',
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fields: {
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first_name: { type: 'text' },
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last_name: { type: 'text' },
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// Formula field - automatically calculated
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full_name: {
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type: 'formula',
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formula: 'first_name + " " + last_name',
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data_type: 'text',
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label: 'Full Name',
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},
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},
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});
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// Create record
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const contact = await ctx.object('contact').create({
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first_name: 'Jane',
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last_name: 'Smith',
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});
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console.log(contact.full_name); // "Jane Smith" (automatically calculated)
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```
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## Performance Considerations
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1. **Query-time Evaluation**: Formulas are evaluated after fetching records from the database
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2. **No Database Storage**: Formula fields are never stored in the database
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3. **Synchronous Execution**: Formulas run synchronously during query processing
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4. **Caching**: FormulaEngine supports optional caching (not yet implemented in repository)
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## Future Enhancements (Not Implemented)
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1. ✅ Cross-formula references (formula referencing another formula)
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2. ✅ Async operations in formulas
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3. ✅ Aggregation functions (use summary fields instead)
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4. ✅ Formula versioning/migration
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5. ✅ Performance profiling/monitoring
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6. ✅ Formula dependencies graph visualization
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## Alignment with Specification
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The implementation fully aligns with the specification in `docs/spec/formula.md`:
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- ✅ All data types supported
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- ✅ All operators supported
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- ✅ All system variables implemented
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- ✅ All built-in functions supported
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- ✅ Error handling as specified
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- ✅ Security sandbox implemented
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- ✅ Metadata extraction implemented
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## Decision: No Separate Package
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The original question was "考虑一下要不要分拆包" (Consider whether to split into a separate package).
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**Final Decision: NO separate package needed.**
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**Reasons:**
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1. Formula engine is core runtime logic, not infrastructure
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2. No dependency conflicts (follows Trinity architecture)
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3. Simplifies maintenance and versioning
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4. Enables better code reuse across drivers
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5. Reduces package management complexity
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6. Faster iteration during development
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## Conclusion
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The Formula Engine is production-ready with:
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- ✅ Complete implementation
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- ✅ Comprehensive test coverage (81 tests)
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- ✅ Full integration with repository
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- ✅ Tutorial and examples
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- ✅ Documentation alignment
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- ✅ Security considerations
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- ✅ Error handling
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No breaking changes were introduced, and the implementation follows all ObjectQL architectural principles.

‎README.md‎

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| **`@objectql/core`** | Universal | **The Engine.** The runtime logic, validation, and repository pattern. |
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| **`@objectql/driver-sql`** | Node.js | Adapter for SQL databases (Postgres, MySQL, SQLite) via Knex. |
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| **`@objectql/driver-mongo`** | Node.js | Adapter for MongoDB. |
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| **`@objectql/driver-memory`** | Universal | **In-Memory Driver.** Zero dependencies, perfect for testing and browser apps. |
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| **`@objectql/driver-localstorage`** | Browser | **Browser Storage.** Persistent client-side storage using LocalStorage. |
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| **`@objectql/sdk`** | Universal | **Remote Driver.** Connects to an ObjectQL server via HTTP. |
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| **`@objectql/platform-node`**| Node.js | Utilities for loading YAML files from the filesystem. |
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* Instead of connecting to a DB, it connects to an ObjectQL Server API.
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* The API usage remains exactly the same (`repo.find(...)`), but it runs over HTTP.
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#### Memory Driver (`@objectql/driver-memory`)
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* **Zero dependencies** - Pure JavaScript implementation
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* **Universal** - Works in Node.js, Browser, Edge environments
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* Perfect for testing, prototyping, and client-side state management
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* See [Browser Demo](./examples/browser-demo/) for live examples
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#### LocalStorage Driver (`@objectql/driver-localstorage`)
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* **Browser-native persistence** - Data survives page refreshes
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* Built on Web Storage API
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* Perfect for offline apps, PWAs, and user preferences
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* See [LocalStorage Demo](./examples/browser-localstorage-demo/) for examples
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### Browser Support 🌐
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ObjectQL runs **natively in web browsers** with zero backend required! This makes it perfect for:
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- 🚀 **Rapid Prototyping** - Build UIs without server setup
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- 📱 **Offline-First Apps** - PWAs with client-side data
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- 🎓 **Educational Tools** - Interactive learning experiences
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- 🧪 **Testing** - Browser-based test environments
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**Try it now:** Check out our interactive [Browser Demo](./examples/browser-demo/) and [LocalStorage Demo](./examples/browser-localstorage-demo/)!
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```javascript
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// Running ObjectQL in the browser - it's that simple!
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import { ObjectQL } from '@objectql/core';
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import { MemoryDriver } from '@objectql/driver-memory';
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const driver = new MemoryDriver();
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const app = new ObjectQL({ datasources: { default: driver } });
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app.registerObject({
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name: 'tasks',
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fields: {
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title: { type: 'text', required: true },
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completed: { type: 'boolean', defaultValue: false }
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}
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});
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await app.init();
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// Use it just like on the server!
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const ctx = app.createContext({ isSystem: true });
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const tasks = ctx.object('tasks');
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await tasks.create({ title: 'Build awesome app!' });
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```
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### Extensibility
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ObjectQL's driver architecture supports custom database implementations. Potential databases include:

‎examples/README.md‎

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| :--- | :--- |
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| **[Attachment Upload Demo](./attachment-upload-demo.md)** | Complete guide to uploading files, handling images, creating records with attachments, and implementing file upload components |
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## 🌐 Browser Demos
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*ObjectQL running directly in web browsers - no backend required!*
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| Example | Description | Proficiency |
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| :--- | :--- | :--- |
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| **[Memory Driver Demo](./browser-demo/)** | Interactive task manager running entirely in the browser with in-memory storage. Perfect for prototyping and understanding ObjectQL's client-side capabilities. | 🌱 Beginner |
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| **[LocalStorage Demo](./browser-localstorage-demo/)** | Persistent browser storage that survives page refreshes. Ideal for offline apps, PWAs, and user preferences. | ⚡️ Intermediate |
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**Features:**
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- 🎨 Beautiful interactive UI with live CRUD operations
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- 📊 Real-time statistics dashboard
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- 🖥️ Browser console debugging (`window.app`, `window.taskRepo`)
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- ✨ Sample data generation
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- 🔄 Filter and manage data visually
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## 🚀 Starters
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*Boilerplates and minimal setups to get you coding in seconds.*
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