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# Flow visualization
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Post-processed database in Silo-HDF5 format can be visualized and analyzed using VisIt.
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VisIt is an open-source interactive parallel visualization and graphical analysis tool for viewing scientific data.
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A post-processed database in Silo-HDF5 format can be visualized and analyzed using Paraview and VisIt.
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After the post-processing of simulation data (see section [Running](running.md#running-1)), a directory named `silo_hdf5` contains a silo-HDF5 database.
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Here, `silo_hdf5/` includes a directory named `root/` that contains index files for flow field data at each saved time step.
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### Visualizing with Paraview
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Paraview is an open-source interactive parallel visualization and graphical analysis tool for viewing scientific data.
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Paraview 5.11.0 has been confirmed to work with the MFC databases for some parallel environments.
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Nevertheless, the installation and configuration of Paraview can be environment-dependent and are left to the user.
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The user can launch Paraview and open the index files under `/silo_hdf5/root`.
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Once the database is loaded, flow field variables contained in the database can be added to the render view.
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Further information on Paraview can be found in its [documentation](https://docs.paraview.org/en/latest/).
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The figure below shows the iso-contour of the liquid void fraction (`alpha1`) in the database generated by the example case `3D_sphbubcollapse`.
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### Visualizing data in cylindrical coordinates
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Visualizing data in cylindrical coordinates requires a coordinate transformation of the raw data in the database file.
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In Paraview, this coordinate transformation can be accomplished with the following steps:
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1. Apply a `clean to grid` filter to the raw data
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2. Apply a `calculator` filter to the cleaned data
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- Set the calculator `attribute type` to point data
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- Check the box for `Coordinate Results`
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- Enter the formula `coordsX*cos(coordsY)*iHat + coordsX*sin(coordsY)*jHat + coordsZ*kHat`
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- click apply
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These steps will transform the raw data into cylindrical coordinates.
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For many cases, this step will require resizing the render view window.
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## Visualizing with VisIt
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VisIt is an alternative open-source interactive parallel visualization and graphical analysis tool for viewing scientific data.
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Versions of VisIt after 2.6.0 have been confirmed to work with the MFC databases for some parallel environments.
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Nevertheless, installation and configuration of VisIt can be environment-dependent and are left to the user.
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Further remarks on parallel flow visualization, analysis, and processing of the MFC database using VisIt can also be found in [Coralic (2015)](references.md#Coralic15) and [Meng (2016)](references.md#Meng16).
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## Procedure
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After the post-processing of simulation data (see section [Running](running.md#running-1)), a directory named `silo_hdf5` contains a silo-HDF5 database.
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Here, `silo_hdf5/` includes a directory named `root/` that contains index files for flow field data at each saved time step.
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The user can launch VisIt and open the index files under `/silo_hdf5/root`.
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Once the database is loaded, flow field variables contained in the database can be added to the plot.
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The figure below shows the iso-contour of the liquid void fraction (`alpha1`) in the database generated by the example case `3D_sphbubcollapse`.
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For analysis and processing of the database using VisIt's capability, the user is encouraged to address [VisIt user manual](https://wci.llnl.gov/simulation/computer-codes/visit/manuals).
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## Serial data output
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If `parallel_io = F` then MFC will output the conservative variables to a directory `D/`.
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If ``parallel_io = 'F'``, MFC will output the conservative variables to a directory `D/`.
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If multiple cores are used ($\mathtt{ppn > 1}$), then a separate file is created for each core.
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If there is only one coordinate dimension (`n = 0` and `p = 0`), the primitive variables will also be written to `D/`.
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If only one coordinate dimension (`n = 0` and `p = 0`) exists, the primitive variables will also be written to `D/`.
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The file names correspond to the variables associated with each equation solved by MFC.
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They are written at every `t_step_save` time step.
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The conservative variables are
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There are exceptions: if `model_eqns = 3`, then the six-equation model appends these variables with the internal energies of each component.
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If there are sub-grid bubbles `bubbles = T`, then the bubble variables are also written.
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These depend on the bubble dynamics model used.
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If `polytropic = T`, then the conservative variables are appended by
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If ``polytropic = 'T'``, then the conservative variables are appended by
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