diff --git a/src/otx/data/dataset/tile.py b/src/otx/data/dataset/tile.py
index 778b7de6b3..b4a4fce242 100644
--- a/src/otx/data/dataset/tile.py
+++ b/src/otx/data/dataset/tile.py
@@ -408,6 +408,15 @@ def __init__(self, dataset: OTXDataset, tile_config: TileConfig) -> None:
             with_full_img=tile_config.with_full_img,
         )
         dm_dataset = dm_dataset.filter("/item/annotation", filter_annotations=True, remove_empty=True)
+
+        if len(dm_dataset) == 0:
+            msg = (
+                f"Tiled dataset is empty. This is likely because the tile_size ({tile_config.tile_size}) "
+                f"is too small, causing all annotations to be discarded. "
+                f"**Try increasing the tile_size.**"
+            )
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+
         # Include original dataset for training
         dm_dataset.update(dataset.dm_subset)
         dataset.dm_subset = dm_dataset
diff --git a/tests/unit/backend/native/utils/test_tile.py b/tests/unit/backend/native/utils/test_tile.py
index a6d6163278..098b607df6 100644
--- a/tests/unit/backend/native/utils/test_tile.py
+++ b/tests/unit/backend/native/utils/test_tile.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright (C) 2024 Intel Corporation
+# Copyright (C) 2024-2025 Intel Corporation
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 #
 
@@ -7,12 +7,15 @@
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock
 
 import numpy as np
+import pytest
 from datumaro import Image
 from datumaro.plugins.tiling.util import xywh_to_x1y1x2y2
 from model_api.models import Model
 from model_api.tilers import Tiler
 
-from otx.data.dataset.tile import OTXTileTransform
+from otx.config.data import TileConfig
+from otx.data.dataset.base import OTXDataset
+from otx.data.dataset.tile import OTXTileTrainDataset, OTXTileTransform
 
 
 def test_tile_transform_consistency(mocker):
@@ -45,3 +48,67 @@ def test_tile_transform_consistency(mocker):
     assert len(dm_rois) == len(ov_tiler_rois)
     for dm_roi in dm_rois:
         assert list(dm_roi) in ov_tiler_rois
+
+
+def test_empty_tiled_dataset_raises_value_error():
+    """Test that OTXTileTrainDataset raises ValueError when tiled dataset is empty."""
+    # Create a mock dataset with empty dm_subset after tiling
+    mock_dataset = MagicMock(spec=OTXDataset)
+    mock_dm_subset = MagicMock()
+
+    # Mock the transform method to return an empty dataset
+    empty_dm_subset = MagicMock()
+    empty_dm_subset.__len__.return_value = 0
+    empty_dm_subset.filter.return_value = empty_dm_subset
+
+    mock_dm_subset.transform.return_value = empty_dm_subset
+    mock_dataset.dm_subset = mock_dm_subset
+
+    # Create tile config with small tile size to trigger the empty dataset scenario
+    tile_config = TileConfig(
+        enable_tiler=True,
+        tile_size=(10, 10),  # Very small tile size
+        overlap=0.1,
+        with_full_img=False,
+    )
+
+    # Test that ValueError is raised with the expected message
+    expected_msg = (
+        "Tiled dataset is empty. This is likely because the tile_size \\(\\(10, 10\\)\\) "
+        "is too small, causing all annotations to be discarded. "
+        "\\*\\*Try increasing the tile_size\\.\\*\\*"
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=expected_msg):
+        OTXTileTrainDataset(dataset=mock_dataset, tile_config=tile_config)
+
+
+def test_empty_tiled_dataset_raises_value_error_different_tile_size():
+    """Test that OTXTileTrainDataset raises ValueError with different tile size in message."""
+    # Create a mock dataset with empty dm_subset after tiling
+    mock_dataset = MagicMock(spec=OTXDataset)
+    mock_dm_subset = MagicMock()
+
+    # Mock the transform method to return an empty dataset
+    empty_dm_subset = MagicMock()
+    empty_dm_subset.__len__.return_value = 0
+    empty_dm_subset.filter.return_value = empty_dm_subset
+
+    mock_dm_subset.transform.return_value = empty_dm_subset
+    mock_dataset.dm_subset = mock_dm_subset
+
+    # Create tile config with different tile size
+    tile_config = TileConfig(
+        enable_tiler=True,
+        tile_size=(50, 50),  # Different tile size
+        overlap=0.2,
+        with_full_img=True,
+    )
+
+    # Test that ValueError is raised with the expected message containing the tile size
+    expected_msg = (
+        "Tiled dataset is empty. This is likely because the tile_size \\(\\(50, 50\\)\\) "
+        "is too small, causing all annotations to be discarded. "
+        "\\*\\*Try increasing the tile_size\\.\\*\\*"
+    )
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=expected_msg):
+        OTXTileTrainDataset(dataset=mock_dataset, tile_config=tile_config)