diff --git a/packages/instrumentation-pino/src/instrumentation.ts b/packages/instrumentation-pino/src/instrumentation.ts
index eb5d620384..b8305866ec 100644
--- a/packages/instrumentation-pino/src/instrumentation.ts
+++ b/packages/instrumentation-pino/src/instrumentation.ts
@@ -72,10 +72,12 @@ export class PinoInstrumentation extends InstrumentationBase<PinoInstrumentation
               level: number,
               ...rest: unknown[]
             ) => {
-              return Object.assign(
-                otelMixin(ctx, level),
-                origMixin(ctx, level, ...rest)
-              );
+              const otelMixinResult = otelMixin(ctx, level);
+              if (config.passLogCorrelationToMixin) {
+                return origMixin(otelMixinResult, level, ...rest);
+              } else {
+                return Object.assign(otelMixinResult, origMixin(ctx, level, ...rest));
+              }
             };
           }
 
@@ -184,14 +186,17 @@ export class PinoInstrumentation extends InstrumentationBase<PinoInstrumentation
         return {};
       }
 
-      const logKeys = instrumentation.getConfig().logKeys ?? DEFAULT_LOG_KEYS;
-
-      const record = {
-        [logKeys.traceId]: spanContext.traceId,
-        [logKeys.spanId]: spanContext.spanId,
-        [logKeys.traceFlags]: `0${spanContext.traceFlags.toString(16)}`,
+      const logKeys = {
+        ...DEFAULT_LOG_KEYS,
+        ...instrumentation.getConfig().logKeys,
       };
 
+      const record: Record<string, string> = {};
+      if (logKeys.traceId) record[logKeys.traceId] = spanContext.traceId;
+      if (logKeys.spanId) record[logKeys.spanId] = spanContext.spanId;
+      if (logKeys.traceFlags)
+        record[logKeys.traceFlags] = `0${spanContext.traceFlags.toString(16)}`;
+
       instrumentation._callHook(span, record, level);
 
       return record;
diff --git a/packages/instrumentation-pino/src/types.ts b/packages/instrumentation-pino/src/types.ts
index 803b3b734e..e773637967 100644
--- a/packages/instrumentation-pino/src/types.ts
+++ b/packages/instrumentation-pino/src/types.ts
@@ -38,6 +38,13 @@ export interface PinoInstrumentationConfig extends InstrumentationConfig {
    */
   disableLogCorrelation?: boolean;
 
+  /**
+   * Whether to pass the injected trace-context fields into the
+   * mixin function's context.
+   * @default false
+   */
+  passLogCorrelationToMixin?: boolean;
+
   /**
    * A function that allows injecting additional fields in log records. It is
    * called, as `logHook(span, record)`, for each log record emitted in a valid
@@ -50,8 +57,8 @@ export interface PinoInstrumentationConfig extends InstrumentationConfig {
    * available.
    */
   logKeys?: {
-    traceId: string;
-    spanId: string;
-    traceFlags: string;
+    traceId?: string;
+    spanId?: string;
+    traceFlags?: string;
   };
 }
diff --git a/packages/instrumentation-pino/test/pino.test.ts b/packages/instrumentation-pino/test/pino.test.ts
index b8269cb741..5e0bac49c1 100644
--- a/packages/instrumentation-pino/test/pino.test.ts
+++ b/packages/instrumentation-pino/test/pino.test.ts
@@ -174,6 +174,47 @@ describe('PinoInstrumentation', () => {
       });
     });
 
+    it('injects span context to records with partial custom keys', () => {
+      const logKeys = {
+        traceId: 'traceId',
+        spanId: 'spanId',
+      };
+      instrumentation.setConfig({ logKeys });
+      tracer.startActiveSpan('abc', span => {
+        logger.info('a message');
+        span.end();
+
+        sinon.assert.calledOnce(writeSpy);
+        const record = JSON.parse(writeSpy.firstCall.args[0].toString());
+        const { traceId, spanId, traceFlags } = span.spanContext();
+        assert.strictEqual(record['traceId'], traceId);
+        assert.strictEqual(record['spanId'], spanId);
+        assert.strictEqual(record['trace_id'], undefined);
+        assert.strictEqual(record['span_id'], undefined);
+        assert.strictEqual(record['trace_flags'], traceFlags);
+        assert.strictEqual(record['msg'], 'a message');
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('injects span context to records with an explicitly undefined custom key', () => {
+      const logKeys = {
+        traceFlags: undefined,
+      };
+      instrumentation.setConfig({ logKeys });
+      tracer.startActiveSpan('abc', span => {
+        logger.info('a message');
+        span.end();
+
+        sinon.assert.calledOnce(writeSpy);
+        const record = JSON.parse(writeSpy.firstCall.args[0].toString());
+        const { traceId, spanId } = span.spanContext();
+        assert.strictEqual(record['trace_id'], traceId);
+        assert.strictEqual(record['span_id'], spanId);
+        assert.strictEqual(record['trace_flags'], undefined);
+        assert.strictEqual(record['msg'], 'a message');
+      });
+    });
+
     it('injects span context to child logger records', () => {
       const child = logger.child({ childField: 42 });
       tracer.startActiveSpan('abc', span => {
@@ -440,6 +481,52 @@ describe('PinoInstrumentation', () => {
         assert.strictEqual(record['span_id'], spanId);
       });
     });
+
+    it('ensures user mixin can override values', () => {
+      const logger = pino(
+        {
+          mixin(mergeObject: object) {
+            return { ...mergeObject, trace_id: '123' };
+          },
+        },
+        process.stdout
+      );
+      instrumentation.setConfig({
+        passLogCorrelationToMixin: true,
+      });
+      tracer.startActiveSpan('abc', span => {
+        logger.info('a message');
+        span.end();
+
+        const { spanId } = span.spanContext();
+        const record = JSON.parse(stdoutSpy.firstCall.args[0].toString());
+        assert.strictEqual(record['trace_id'], '123');
+        assert.strictEqual(record['span_id'], spanId);
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('ensures user mixin can eliminate values', () => {
+      const logger = pino(
+        {
+          mixin(mergeObject: object) {
+            return { ...mergeObject, trace_id: undefined };
+          },
+        },
+        process.stdout
+      );
+      instrumentation.setConfig({
+        passLogCorrelationToMixin: true,
+      });
+      tracer.startActiveSpan('abc', span => {
+        logger.info('a message');
+        span.end();
+
+        const { spanId } = span.spanContext();
+        const record = JSON.parse(stdoutSpy.firstCall.args[0].toString());
+        assert.strictEqual(record['trace_id'], undefined);
+        assert.strictEqual(record['span_id'], spanId);
+      });
+    });
   });
 
   describe('log sending', () => {