diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index f9e9eb264c..717871ea14 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ pin-project-lite = "0.2"
 prost = "0.13"
 prost-build = "0.13"
 prost-types = "0.13"
-rand = { version = "0.8", default-features = false }
+rand = { version = "0.9", default-features = false }
 reqwest = { version = "0.12", default-features = false }
 serde = { version = "1.0", default-features = false }
 serde_json = "1.0"
diff --git a/opentelemetry-sdk/Cargo.toml b/opentelemetry-sdk/Cargo.toml
index dc90c89a6a..819e0b4ca2 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-sdk/Cargo.toml
+++ b/opentelemetry-sdk/Cargo.toml
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ futures-channel = "0.3"
 futures-executor = { workspace = true }
 futures-util = { workspace = true, features = ["std", "sink", "async-await-macro"] }
 percent-encoding = { version = "2.0", optional = true }
-rand = { workspace = true, features = ["std", "std_rng","small_rng"], optional = true }
+rand = { workspace = true, features = ["std", "std_rng", "small_rng", "os_rng", "thread_rng"], optional = true }
 glob = { version = "0.3.1", optional =true}
 serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive", "rc"], optional = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true, optional = true }
diff --git a/opentelemetry-sdk/benches/metric.rs b/opentelemetry-sdk/benches/metric.rs
index f4d0f5219a..e6eb471d37 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-sdk/benches/metric.rs
+++ b/opentelemetry-sdk/benches/metric.rs
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ fn bench_histogram(bound_count: usize) -> (SharedReader, Histogram<u64>) {
 
 fn histograms(c: &mut Criterion) {
     let mut group = c.benchmark_group("Histogram");
-    let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();
+    let mut rng = rand::rng();
 
     for bound_size in [10, 49, 50, 1000].iter() {
         let (_, hist) = bench_histogram(*bound_size);
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ fn histograms(c: &mut Criterion) {
                     format!("V,{},{},{}", bound_size, attr_size, i),
                 ))
             }
-            let value: u64 = rng.gen_range(0..MAX_BOUND).try_into().unwrap();
+            let value: u64 = rng.random_range(0..MAX_BOUND).try_into().unwrap();
             group.bench_function(
                 format!("Record{}Attrs{}bounds", attr_size, bound_size),
                 |b| b.iter(|| hist.record(value, &attributes)),
diff --git a/opentelemetry-sdk/benches/metrics_counter.rs b/opentelemetry-sdk/benches/metrics_counter.rs
index 3b6350fe5f..ae40cf5a99 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-sdk/benches/metrics_counter.rs
+++ b/opentelemetry-sdk/benches/metrics_counter.rs
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ use std::cell::RefCell;
 
 thread_local! {
     /// Store random number generator for each thread
-    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_entropy());
+    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_os_rng());
 }
 
 static ATTRIBUTE_VALUES: [&str; 10] = [
@@ -75,10 +75,10 @@ fn counter_add_sorted(c: &mut Criterion) {
                 CURRENT_RNG.with(|rng| {
                     let mut rng = rng.borrow_mut();
                     [
-                        rng.gen_range(0..4),
-                        rng.gen_range(0..4),
-                        rng.gen_range(0..10),
-                        rng.gen_range(0..10),
+                        rng.random_range(0..4),
+                        rng.random_range(0..4),
+                        rng.random_range(0..10),
+                        rng.random_range(0..10),
                     ]
                 })
             },
@@ -111,10 +111,10 @@ fn counter_add_unsorted(c: &mut Criterion) {
                 CURRENT_RNG.with(|rng| {
                     let mut rng = rng.borrow_mut();
                     [
-                        rng.gen_range(0..4),
-                        rng.gen_range(0..4),
-                        rng.gen_range(0..10),
-                        rng.gen_range(0..10),
+                        rng.random_range(0..4),
+                        rng.random_range(0..4),
+                        rng.random_range(0..10),
+                        rng.random_range(0..10),
                     ]
                 })
             },
@@ -147,10 +147,10 @@ fn counter_add_sorted_with_non_static_values(c: &mut Criterion, attribute_values
                 CURRENT_RNG.with(|rng| {
                     let mut rng = rng.borrow_mut();
                     [
-                        rng.gen_range(0..4),
-                        rng.gen_range(0..4),
-                        rng.gen_range(0..10),
-                        rng.gen_range(0..10),
+                        rng.random_range(0..4),
+                        rng.random_range(0..4),
+                        rng.random_range(0..10),
+                        rng.random_range(0..10),
                     ]
                 })
             },
@@ -199,10 +199,10 @@ fn counter_overflow(c: &mut Criterion) {
             let rands = CURRENT_RNG.with(|rng| {
                 let mut rng = rng.borrow_mut();
                 [
-                    rng.gen_range(0..4),
-                    rng.gen_range(0..4),
-                    rng.gen_range(0..10),
-                    rng.gen_range(0..10),
+                    rng.random_range(0..4),
+                    rng.random_range(0..4),
+                    rng.random_range(0..10),
+                    rng.random_range(0..10),
                 ]
             });
             let index_first_attribute = rands[0];
@@ -228,11 +228,11 @@ fn random_generator(c: &mut Criterion) {
             let __i1 = CURRENT_RNG.with(|rng| {
                 let mut rng = rng.borrow_mut();
                 [
-                    rng.gen_range(0..4),
-                    rng.gen_range(0..4),
-                    rng.gen_range(0..10),
-                    rng.gen_range(0..10),
-                    rng.gen_range(0..10),
+                    rng.random_range(0..4),
+                    rng.random_range(0..4),
+                    rng.random_range(0..10),
+                    rng.random_range(0..10),
+                    rng.random_range(0..10),
                 ]
             });
         });
diff --git a/opentelemetry-sdk/benches/metrics_gauge.rs b/opentelemetry-sdk/benches/metrics_gauge.rs
index c61095e53e..362f0db9ff 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-sdk/benches/metrics_gauge.rs
+++ b/opentelemetry-sdk/benches/metrics_gauge.rs
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ use std::cell::RefCell;
 
 thread_local! {
     /// Store random number generator for each thread
-    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_entropy());
+    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_os_rng());
 }
 
 static ATTRIBUTE_VALUES: [&str; 10] = [
@@ -55,10 +55,10 @@ fn gauge_record(c: &mut Criterion) {
             let rands = CURRENT_RNG.with(|rng| {
                 let mut rng = rng.borrow_mut();
                 [
-                    rng.gen_range(0..4),
-                    rng.gen_range(0..4),
-                    rng.gen_range(0..10),
-                    rng.gen_range(0..10),
+                    rng.random_range(0..4),
+                    rng.random_range(0..4),
+                    rng.random_range(0..10),
+                    rng.random_range(0..10),
                 ]
             });
             let index_first_attribute = rands[0];
diff --git a/opentelemetry-sdk/benches/metrics_histogram.rs b/opentelemetry-sdk/benches/metrics_histogram.rs
index 8a0b3d8125..bc1c3e09fe 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-sdk/benches/metrics_histogram.rs
+++ b/opentelemetry-sdk/benches/metrics_histogram.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ use std::cell::RefCell;
 
 thread_local! {
     /// Store random number generator for each thread
-    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_entropy());
+    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_os_rng());
 }
 
 static ATTRIBUTE_VALUES: [&str; 10] = [
@@ -68,10 +68,10 @@ fn histogram_record(c: &mut Criterion) {
                 CURRENT_RNG.with(|rng| {
                     let mut rng = rng.borrow_mut();
                     [
-                        rng.gen_range(0..4),
-                        rng.gen_range(0..4),
-                        rng.gen_range(0..10),
-                        rng.gen_range(0..10),
+                        rng.random_range(0..4),
+                        rng.random_range(0..4),
+                        rng.random_range(0..10),
+                        rng.random_range(0..10),
                     ]
                 })
             },
@@ -104,10 +104,10 @@ fn histogram_record_with_non_static_values(c: &mut Criterion, attribute_values:
                 CURRENT_RNG.with(|rng| {
                     let mut rng = rng.borrow_mut();
                     [
-                        rng.gen_range(0..4),
-                        rng.gen_range(0..4),
-                        rng.gen_range(0..10),
-                        rng.gen_range(0..10),
+                        rng.random_range(0..4),
+                        rng.random_range(0..4),
+                        rng.random_range(0..10),
+                        rng.random_range(0..10),
                     ]
                 })
             },
diff --git a/opentelemetry-sdk/src/metrics/mod.rs b/opentelemetry-sdk/src/metrics/mod.rs
index 4cd526a0db..a3f690a606 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-sdk/src/metrics/mod.rs
+++ b/opentelemetry-sdk/src/metrics/mod.rs
@@ -1924,16 +1924,16 @@ mod tests {
         let histogram = test_context.meter().u64_histogram("my_histogram").build();
 
         // Act
-        let mut rand = rngs::SmallRng::from_entropy();
+        let mut rand = rngs::SmallRng::from_os_rng();
         let values_kv1 = (0..50)
-            .map(|_| rand.gen_range(0..100))
+            .map(|_| rand.random_range(0..100))
             .collect::<Vec<u64>>();
         for value in values_kv1.iter() {
             histogram.record(*value, &[KeyValue::new("key1", "value1")]);
         }
 
         let values_kv2 = (0..30)
-            .map(|_| rand.gen_range(0..100))
+            .map(|_| rand.random_range(0..100))
             .collect::<Vec<u64>>();
         for value in values_kv2.iter() {
             histogram.record(*value, &[KeyValue::new("key1", "value2")]);
diff --git a/opentelemetry-sdk/src/trace/id_generator/mod.rs b/opentelemetry-sdk/src/trace/id_generator/mod.rs
index 1cf483118e..716d510d91 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-sdk/src/trace/id_generator/mod.rs
+++ b/opentelemetry-sdk/src/trace/id_generator/mod.rs
@@ -32,5 +32,5 @@ impl IdGenerator for RandomIdGenerator {
 
 thread_local! {
     /// Store random number generator for each thread
-    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_entropy());
+    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_os_rng());
 }
diff --git a/opentelemetry-sdk/src/trace/sampler.rs b/opentelemetry-sdk/src/trace/sampler.rs
index 55b5838a0e..f33eb6aff9 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-sdk/src/trace/sampler.rs
+++ b/opentelemetry-sdk/src/trace/sampler.rs
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ mod tests {
     use super::*;
     use crate::testing::trace::TestSpan;
     use opentelemetry::trace::{SpanContext, SpanId, TraceFlags};
-    use rand::Rng;
+    use rand::random;
 
     #[rustfmt::skip]
     fn sampler_data() -> Vec<(&'static str, Sampler, f64, bool, bool)> {
@@ -301,7 +301,6 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn sampling() {
         let total = 10_000;
-        let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();
         for (name, sampler, expectation, parent, sample_parent) in sampler_data() {
             let mut sampled = 0;
             for _ in 0..total {
@@ -324,7 +323,7 @@ mod tests {
                     None
                 };
 
-                let trace_id = TraceId::from(rng.gen::<u128>());
+                let trace_id = TraceId::from(random::<u128>());
                 if sampler
                     .should_sample(
                         parent_context.as_ref(),
diff --git a/opentelemetry-zipkin/Cargo.toml b/opentelemetry-zipkin/Cargo.toml
index 2875015683..c40059e7de 100644
--- a/opentelemetry-zipkin/Cargo.toml
+++ b/opentelemetry-zipkin/Cargo.toml
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ opentelemetry_sdk = { version = "0.28", path = "../opentelemetry-sdk", features
 opentelemetry-http = { version = "0.28", path = "../opentelemetry-http" }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
 serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
-typed-builder = "0.18"
+typed-builder = "0.20"
 http = { workspace = true }
 reqwest = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 thiserror = { workspace = true }
diff --git a/opentelemetry/Cargo.toml b/opentelemetry/Cargo.toml
index 3b27ac3a34..6dd6dcc863 100644
--- a/opentelemetry/Cargo.toml
+++ b/opentelemetry/Cargo.toml
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ internal-logs = ["tracing"]
 [dev-dependencies]
 opentelemetry_sdk = { path = "../opentelemetry-sdk", features = ["spec_unstable_logs_enabled"]} # for documentation tests
 criterion = { workspace = true }
-rand = { workspace = true }
+rand = { workspace = true, features = ["os_rng", "thread_rng"] }
 
 [[bench]]
 name = "metrics"
diff --git a/opentelemetry/src/metrics/mod.rs b/opentelemetry/src/metrics/mod.rs
index 075d5cccbe..e971f34e42 100644
--- a/opentelemetry/src/metrics/mod.rs
+++ b/opentelemetry/src/metrics/mod.rs
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ pub trait InstrumentProvider {
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-    use rand::Rng;
+    use rand::random;
 
     use crate::KeyValue;
     use std::collections::hash_map::DefaultHasher;
@@ -201,10 +201,8 @@ mod tests {
             assert_eq!(kv1, kv2);
         }
 
-        let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();
-
         for _ in 0..100 {
-            let random_value = rng.gen::<f64>();
+            let random_value = random::<f64>();
             let kv1 = KeyValue::new("key", random_value);
             let kv2 = KeyValue::new("key", random_value);
             assert_eq!(kv1, kv2);
@@ -228,10 +226,8 @@ mod tests {
             assert_eq!(hash_helper(&kv1), hash_helper(&kv2));
         }
 
-        let mut rng = rand::thread_rng();
-
         for _ in 0..100 {
-            let random_value = rng.gen::<f64>();
+            let random_value = random::<f64>();
             let kv1 = KeyValue::new("key", random_value);
             let kv2 = KeyValue::new("key", random_value);
             assert_eq!(hash_helper(&kv1), hash_helper(&kv2));
diff --git a/stress/Cargo.toml b/stress/Cargo.toml
index 025e5b17c7..4691def67f 100644
--- a/stress/Cargo.toml
+++ b/stress/Cargo.toml
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ num_cpus = "1.15.0"
 opentelemetry = { path = "../opentelemetry", features = ["metrics", "logs", "trace", "spec_unstable_logs_enabled"] }
 opentelemetry_sdk = { path = "../opentelemetry-sdk", features = ["metrics", "logs", "trace", "spec_unstable_logs_enabled"] }
 opentelemetry-appender-tracing = { path = "../opentelemetry-appender-tracing"}
-rand = { version = "0.8.4", features = ["small_rng"] }
+rand = { workspace = true, features = ["small_rng", "os_rng"] }
 tracing = { workspace = true, features = ["std"]}
 tracing-subscriber = { workspace = true, features = ["registry", "std"] }
 num-format = "0.4.4"
diff --git a/stress/src/metrics_counter.rs b/stress/src/metrics_counter.rs
index d64f2d11f8..debb4e869b 100644
--- a/stress/src/metrics_counter.rs
+++ b/stress/src/metrics_counter.rs
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ lazy_static! {
 
 thread_local! {
     /// Store random number generator for each thread
-    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_entropy());
+    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_os_rng());
 }
 
 fn main() {
@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ fn test_counter() {
     let rands = CURRENT_RNG.with(|rng| {
         let mut rng = rng.borrow_mut();
         [
-            rng.gen_range(0..len),
-            rng.gen_range(0..len),
-            rng.gen_range(0..len),
+            rng.random_range(0..len),
+            rng.random_range(0..len),
+            rng.random_range(0..len),
         ]
     });
     let index_first_attribute = rands[0];
diff --git a/stress/src/metrics_gauge.rs b/stress/src/metrics_gauge.rs
index d69efb3c4f..3c7f8489a1 100644
--- a/stress/src/metrics_gauge.rs
+++ b/stress/src/metrics_gauge.rs
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ lazy_static! {
 
 thread_local! {
     /// Store random number generator for each thread
-    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_entropy());
+    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_os_rng());
 }
 
 fn main() {
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ fn test_gauge() {
     let rands = CURRENT_RNG.with(|rng| {
         let mut rng = rng.borrow_mut();
         [
-            rng.gen_range(0..len),
-            rng.gen_range(0..len),
-            rng.gen_range(0..len),
+            rng.random_range(0..len),
+            rng.random_range(0..len),
+            rng.random_range(0..len),
         ]
     });
     let index_first_attribute = rands[0];
diff --git a/stress/src/metrics_histogram.rs b/stress/src/metrics_histogram.rs
index 7443505e95..f4916dc8b2 100644
--- a/stress/src/metrics_histogram.rs
+++ b/stress/src/metrics_histogram.rs
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ lazy_static! {
 
 thread_local! {
     /// Store random number generator for each thread
-    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_entropy());
+    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_os_rng());
 
     static PROVIDER_PER_THREAD: SdkMeterProvider = SdkMeterProvider::builder()
         .with_reader(ManualReader::builder().build())
@@ -65,9 +65,9 @@ fn test_histogram(histogram: &Histogram<u64>) {
     let rands = CURRENT_RNG.with(|rng| {
         let mut rng = rng.borrow_mut();
         [
-            rng.gen_range(0..len),
-            rng.gen_range(0..len),
-            rng.gen_range(0..len),
+            rng.random_range(0..len),
+            rng.random_range(0..len),
+            rng.random_range(0..len),
         ]
     });
     let index_first_attribute = rands[0];
diff --git a/stress/src/metrics_overflow.rs b/stress/src/metrics_overflow.rs
index bbd79db780..4d42cc0b7b 100644
--- a/stress/src/metrics_overflow.rs
+++ b/stress/src/metrics_overflow.rs
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ lazy_static! {
 
 thread_local! {
     /// Store random number generator for each thread
-    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_entropy());
+    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_os_rng());
 }
 
 fn main() {
@@ -41,6 +41,6 @@ fn test_counter() {
     // memory usage indefinitely even when user code misbehaves by producing
     // unbounded metric points (unique time series).
     // It also checks that SDK's internal logging is also done in a bounded way.
-    let rand = CURRENT_RNG.with(|rng| rng.borrow_mut().gen_range(0..100000000));
+    let rand = CURRENT_RNG.with(|rng| rng.borrow_mut().random_range(0..100000000));
     COUNTER.add(1, &[KeyValue::new("A", rand)]);
 }
diff --git a/stress/src/random.rs b/stress/src/random.rs
index 9d4b7f997e..b20b8331a2 100644
--- a/stress/src/random.rs
+++ b/stress/src/random.rs
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ use std::cell::RefCell;
 
 thread_local! {
     /// Store random number generator for each thread
-    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_entropy());
+    static CURRENT_RNG: RefCell<rngs::SmallRng> = RefCell::new(rngs::SmallRng::from_os_rng());
 }
 
 fn main() {
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ fn test_random_generation() {
     let _i1 = CURRENT_RNG.with(|rng| {
         let mut rng = rng.borrow_mut();
         [
-            rng.gen_range(0..10),
-            rng.gen_range(0..10),
-            rng.gen_range(0..10),
+            rng.random_range(0..10),
+            rng.random_range(0..10),
+            rng.random_range(0..10),
         ]
     });
 }