diff --git a/rewrite-maven/src/main/java/org/openrewrite/maven/AddDependency.java b/rewrite-maven/src/main/java/org/openrewrite/maven/AddDependency.java
index da61d6ec3a6..4933e8e7291 100644
--- a/rewrite-maven/src/main/java/org/openrewrite/maven/AddDependency.java
+++ b/rewrite-maven/src/main/java/org/openrewrite/maven/AddDependency.java
@@ -229,10 +229,16 @@ public Xml visitDocument(Xml.Document document, ExecutionContext ctx) {
                     for (ResolvedDependency d : dependencies.get(Scope.Compile)) {
                         if (hasAcceptableTransitivity(d, acc) &&
                             groupId.equals(d.getGroupId()) &&
-                            artifactId.equals(d.getArtifactId()) &&
-                            (d.isTransitive() ||
-                                    (d.isDirect() && version.equals(d.getVersion())))
-                        ) {
+                            artifactId.equals(d.getArtifactId())) {
+                            if (d.isTransitive() || (d.isDirect() && version.equals(d.getVersion()))) {
+                                return maven;
+                            }
+                            if (d.isDirect() && (scope == null || Scope.fromName(scope) == Scope.Compile)) {
+                                // Direct compile-scope dependency at a different version — update keeping compile scope
+                                return new AddDependencyVisitor(
+                                        groupId, artifactId, version, versionPattern, null, releasesOnly,
+                                        type, classifier, optional, familyPatternCompiled, metadataFailures).visitNonNull(document, ctx);
+                            }
                             return maven;
                         }
                     }
@@ -243,7 +249,9 @@ public Xml visitDocument(Xml.Document document, ExecutionContext ctx) {
                 if ((resolvedScopeEnum == Scope.Provided || resolvedScopeEnum == Scope.Test) && dependencies.get(resolvedScopeEnum) != null) {
                     for (ResolvedDependency d : dependencies.get(resolvedScopeEnum)) {
                         if (hasAcceptableTransitivity(d, acc) &&
-                                groupId.equals(d.getGroupId()) && artifactId.equals(d.getArtifactId())) {
+                                groupId.equals(d.getGroupId()) && artifactId.equals(d.getArtifactId()) &&
+                                (d.isTransitive() ||
+                                        (d.isDirect() && version.equals(d.getVersion())))) {
                             return maven;
                         }
                     }
diff --git a/rewrite-maven/src/test/java/org/openrewrite/maven/AddDependencyTest.java b/rewrite-maven/src/test/java/org/openrewrite/maven/AddDependencyTest.java
index a84f331a036..7b521c1d883 100644
--- a/rewrite-maven/src/test/java/org/openrewrite/maven/AddDependencyTest.java
+++ b/rewrite-maven/src/test/java/org/openrewrite/maven/AddDependencyTest.java
@@ -2261,6 +2261,90 @@ void addDependencyUpgradesScopeOnlyWhenExistingDependencyHasNarrowerScopeAndEqua
         );
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void existingDependencyUpdatedWithMainSources() {
+        rewriteRun(
+          spec -> spec.recipe(addDependency("com.google.guava:guava:30.0-jre", null)),
+          mavenProject("project",
+            srcMainJava(
+              java("public class A {}")
+            ),
+            pomXml(
+              """
+                <project>
+                    <groupId>com.mycompany.app</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>my-app</artifactId>
+                    <version>1</version>
+                    <dependencies>
+                        <dependency>
+                            <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
+                            <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
+                            <version>29.0-jre</version>
+                        </dependency>
+                    </dependencies>
+                </project>
+                """,
+              """
+                <project>
+                    <groupId>com.mycompany.app</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>my-app</artifactId>
+                    <version>1</version>
+                    <dependencies>
+                        <dependency>
+                            <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
+                            <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
+                            <version>30.0-jre</version>
+                        </dependency>
+                    </dependencies>
+                </project>
+                """
+            )
+          )
+        );
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void existingDependencyUpdatedWithTestSourcesOnly() {
+        rewriteRun(
+          spec -> spec.recipe(addDependency("com.google.guava:guava:30.0-jre", null)),
+          mavenProject("project",
+            srcTestJava(
+              java("public class A {}")
+            ),
+            pomXml(
+              """
+                <project>
+                    <groupId>com.mycompany.app</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>my-app</artifactId>
+                    <version>1</version>
+                    <dependencies>
+                        <dependency>
+                            <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
+                            <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
+                            <version>29.0-jre</version>
+                        </dependency>
+                    </dependencies>
+                </project>
+                """,
+              """
+                <project>
+                    <groupId>com.mycompany.app</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>my-app</artifactId>
+                    <version>1</version>
+                    <dependencies>
+                        <dependency>
+                            <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
+                            <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
+                            <version>30.0-jre</version>
+                        </dependency>
+                    </dependencies>
+                </project>
+                """
+            )
+          )
+        );
+    }
+
     private AddDependency addDependency(@SuppressWarnings("SameParameterValue") String gav) {
         return addDependency(gav, null, null, null);
     }