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Many applications require specialized hardware or software that depends on kernel modules or drivers. You can use driver containers to load out-of-tree kernel modules on {op-system-first} nodes. To deploy out-of-tree drivers during cluster installation, use the `kmods-via-containers` framework. To load drivers or kernel modules on an existing {product-title} cluster, {product-title} offers several tools:
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* The Driver Toolkit is a container image that is a part of every {product-title} release. It contains the kernel packages and other common dependencies that are needed to build a driver or kernel module. The Driver Toolkit can be used as a base image for driver container image builds on {product-title}.
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* The Special Resource Operator (SRO) orchestrates the building and management of driver containers to load kernel modules and drivers on an existing OpenShift or Kubernetes cluster.
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* The Node Feature Discovery (NFD) Operator adds node labels for CPU capabilities, kernel version, PCIe device vendor IDs, and more.
* For more information about configuring registry storage for your cluster, see xref:../registry/configuring-registry-operator.adoc#registry-removed_configuring-registry-operator[Image Registry Operator in OpenShift Container Platform].
Learn about the Special Resource Operator (SRO) and how you can use it to build and manage driver containers for loading kernel modules and device drivers on nodes in an {product-title} cluster.
* For information about restoring the Image Registry Operator state before using the Special Resource Operator, see
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xref:../registry/configuring-registry-operator.adoc#registry-removed_configuring-registry-operator[Image registry removed during installation].
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* For details about installing the NFD Operator see xref:psap-node-feature-discovery-operator.adoc#installing-the-node-feature-discovery-operator_node-feature-discovery-operator[Node Feature Discovery (NFD) Operator].
The `driver-toolkit` image is available from the link:https://registry.redhat.io/[Container images section of the Red Hat Ecosystem Catalog] and in the {product-title} release payload. The image corresponding to the most recent minor release of {product-title} will be tagged with the version number in the catalog. The image URL for a specific release can be found using the `oc adm` CLI command.
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.Prerequisites
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* Obtain the image pull secret needed to perform an installation of {product-title}, from the link:https://console.redhat.com/openshift/install/pull-secret[Pull Secret] page on the {cloud-redhat-com} site.
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* Install the OpenShift CLI (`oc`).
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* You obtained the image pull secret needed to perform an installation of {product-title}, from the link:https://cloud.redhat.com/openshift/install/pull-secret[Pull Secret] page on the {cloud-redhat-com} site.
As an example, the Driver Toolkit can be used as the base image for building a very simple kernel module called simple-kmod.
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[id="create-simple-kmod-image"]
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[NOTE]
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====
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The Driver Toolkit contains the necessary dependencies, `openssl`, `mokutil`, and `keyutils`, needed to sign a kernel module. However, in this example, the simple-kmod kernel module is not signed and therefore cannot be loaded on systems with `Secure Boot` enabled.
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====
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[id="create-simple-kmod-image_{context}"]
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== Build and run the simple-kmod driver container on a cluster
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.Prerequisites
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* An {product-title} cluster
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* Install the OpenShift CLI (`oc`).
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* Log in as a user with `cluster-admin` privileges.
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* You have a running {product-title} cluster.
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* You set the Image Registry Operator state to `Managed` for your cluster.
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* You installed the OpenShift CLI (`oc`).
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* You are logged into the OpenShift CLI as a user with `cluster-admin` privileges.
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