[Snippets] Fixed coverity issues 167168 (#30435)

### Details:
 - *Fixed coverity issues: "dead code" and "Uncaught exception"*

### Tickets:
 - *CVS-167168*

Author: Alexandra Sidorova

src/common/snippets/include/snippets/op/subgraph.hpp

@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ class Subgraph : public ov::op::util::SubGraphOp {
     // should have explicit Constants even if they're non-scalar (Reshape, Transpose, Broadcast)
     // This check returns True if Constant op which is input of this op should be inside Subgraph body
     static auto constant_input_should_be_inside_body(const std::shared_ptr<ov::Node>& node) -> bool;
-    static bool check_broadcast(const std::shared_ptr<const ov::Node>& node) noexcept;
+    static bool check_broadcast(const std::shared_ptr<const ov::Node>& node);
     // Return estimated unique buffer count (upper bound). It's needed for tokenization
     static auto get_estimated_buffer_count(const ov::NodeVector& ops) -> size_t;
     static auto is_domain_sensitive_op(const std::shared_ptr<ov::Node>& op) -> bool;

src/common/snippets/src/lowered/expressions/buffer_expression.cpp

@@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ void BufferExpression::init_allocation_size(const std::shared_ptr<LoopManager>&
     const auto& parent_loop_ids = get_parent_inner_loops(parent_port.get_expr()->get_loop_ids(), get_loop_ids());
     const auto planar_shape = utils::get_preordered_vdims(parent_port);
 
-    const size_t rank = allocation_rank >= 0 ? std::min(static_cast<size_t>(allocation_rank), planar_shape.size())
-                                             : planar_shape.size();
+    OPENVINO_ASSERT(allocation_rank > 0, "Allocation size must be positive");
+    const size_t rank = std::min(static_cast<size_t>(allocation_rank), planar_shape.size());
 
     const auto& subtensor = ov::snippets::utils::get_projected_subtensor(parent_port);
 

src/common/snippets/src/op/subgraph.cpp

@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ auto Subgraph::constant_input_should_be_inside_body(const std::shared_ptr<ov::No
         node);
 }
 
-bool Subgraph::check_broadcast(const std::shared_ptr<const ov::Node>& node) noexcept {
+bool Subgraph::check_broadcast(const std::shared_ptr<const ov::Node>& node) {
     const auto elementwise = ov::as_type_ptr<const ov::op::util::BinaryElementwiseArithmetic>(node);
     return
         (elementwise == nullptr) ||