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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: OracleDatabase/RAC/OracleRealApplicationClusters/README.md
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Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC) is an option for the award-winning Oracle Database Enterprise Edition. Oracle RAC is a cluster database with a shared cache architecture that overcomes the limitations of traditional shared-nothing and shared-disk approaches to provide highly scalable and available database solutions for all business applications.
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Oracle RAC uses Oracle Clusterware as a portable cluster software that allows clustering of independent servers so that they cooperate as a single system and Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM) to provide simplified storage management that is consistent across all servers and storage platforms. Oracle Clusterware and Oracle ASM are part of the Oracle Grid Infrastructure, which bundles both solutions in an easy-to-deploy software package. For more information on Oracle RAC Database 21c refer to the [Oracle Database documentation](http://docs.oracle.com/en/database/).
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Oracle RAC uses Oracle Clusterware as a portable cluster software that allows clustering of independent servers so that they cooperate as a single system and Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM) to provide simplified storage management that is consistent across all servers and storage platforms. Oracle Clusterware and Oracle ASM are part of the Oracle Grid Infrastructure, which bundles both solutions in an easy-to-deploy software package.
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For more information on Oracle RAC Database 21c refer to the [Oracle Database documentation](http://docs.oracle.com/en/database/).
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This guide helps you install Oracle RAC on Containers on Host Machines as explained in detail below. With the current release, you prepare the host machine, build or use pre-built Oracle RAC Container Images v21c, and setup Oracle RAC on Single or Multiple Host machines with Oracle ASM. In this installation guide, we use [Podman](https://docs.podman.io/en/v3.0/) to create Oracle RAC Containers and manage them.
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This guide helps you install Oracle RAC on Containers on Host Machines as explained in detail below. With the current release, you prepare the host machine, build or use pre-built Oracle RAC Container Images v21c, and setup Oracle RAC on Single or Multiple Host machines with Oracle ASM.
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In this installation guide, we use [Podman](https://docs.podman.io/en/v3.0/) to create Oracle RAC Containers and manage them.
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## Using this Documentation
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To create an Oracle RAC environment, follow these steps:
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## Preparation Steps for running Oracle RAC Database in containers
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Before you proceed to the next section, you must complete each of the steps listed in this section and complete the following prerequisites.
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Before you proceed to the next section, you must complete each of the steps listed in this section and complete the following prerequisites.
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* Refer to the following sections in the publication [Oracle Real Application Clusters Installation Guide](https://docs.oracle.com/cd/F39414_01/racpd/oracle-real-application-clusters-installation-guide-podman-oracle-linux-x86-64.pdf) for Podman Oracle Linux x86-64 to complete the preparation steps for Oracle RAC on Container deployment:
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* Overview of Oracle RAC on Podman
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* Allocate Linux Resources for Oracle Grid Infrastructure Deployment
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* How to Configure Podman for SELinux Mode
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* Install `git` from dnf or yum repository and clone the git repo. We clone this repo on a path called `<GITHUB_REPO_CLONED_PATH>` and refer here.
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* Create a NFS Volume if you are planning to use NFS Storage for ASM Devices. See [Configuring NFS for Storage for Oracle RAC on Podman](https://docs.oracle.com/cd/F39414_01/racpd/oracle-real-application-clusters-installation-guide-podman-oracle-linux-x86-64.pdf) for more details. **Note:** You can skip this step if you are planning to use block devices for storage.
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* Create a NFS Volume if you are planning to use NFS Storage for ASM Devices. See [Configuring NFS for Storage for Oracle RAC on Podman](https://docs.oracle.com/cd/F39414_01/racpd/oracle-real-application-clusters-installation-guide-podman-oracle-linux-x86-64.pdf) for more details.
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**Note:** You can skip this step if you are planning to use block devices for storage.
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* If SELinux is enabled on the Podman host, then ensure to create an SELinux policy for Oracle RAC on Podman. For details about this procedure, see `How to Configure Podman for SELinux Mode` in the publication [Oracle Real Application Clusters Installation Guide for Podman Oracle Linux x86-64](https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/21/racpd/target-configuration-oracle-rac-podman.html#GUID-59138DF8-3781-4033-A38F-E0466884D008). Also, When you are performing the installation using any files from podman host machine where SELinux is enabled, you need to make sure they are labeled correctly with `container_file_t` context. You can use `ls -lZ <file_name/<Directory_name>` to see the security context set on files.
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* To resolve VIPs and SCAN IPs in this guide, we use a preconfigured DNS server in our environment. Replace environment variables `-e DNS_SERVERS=10.0.20.25`, `--dns=10.0.20.25`, `-e DOMAIN=example.info` and `--dns-search=example.info` parameters in the examples in this guide with the `DOMAIN` and `DNS_SERVERS` based on your environment.
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* To resolve VIPs and SCAN IPs in this guide, we use a preconfigured DNS server in our environment.
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Replace environment variables `-e DNS_SERVERS=10.0.20.25`, `--dns=10.0.20.25`, `-e DOMAIN=example.info` and `--dns-search=example.info` parameters in the examples in this guide with the `DOMAIN` and `DNS_SERVERS` based on your environment.
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* The Oracle RAC `Containerfile` does not contain any Oracle software binaries. Download the following software from the [Oracle Technology Network](https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html), if you are planning to build Oracle RAC Container Images from next section. However, if you are using pre-built RAC images from the Oracle Container Registry, then you can skip this step.
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- Oracle Grid Infrastructure 21c (21) for Linux x86-64
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- Oracle Database 21c (21) for Linux x86-64
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- Oracle Grid Infrastructure 21c (21) for Linux x86-64
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- Oracle Database 21c (21) for Linux x86-64
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**Notes**
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* If the Podman bridge network is not available outside your host, you can use the Oracle Connection Manager [CMAN Container](../OracleConnectionManager/README.md) to access the Oracle RAC Database from outside the host.
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* Ensure that you have enough space in `/var/lib/containers` while building the Oracle RAC image. Also, if required use `export TMPDIR=</path/to/tmpdir>` for Podman to refer to any other folder as the temporary podman cache location instead of the default `/tmp` location.
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### Building Oracle RAC Database Container Image
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In this document,an `Oracle RAC Database Container Image` refers to an Oracle RAC Database Container Image with Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle Database software binaries installed during Oracle RAC Podman image creation. The resulting images will contain the Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle RAC Database software binaries. Before you begin, you must download grid and database binaries and stage them under `<GITHUB_REPO_CLONED_PATH>/docker-images/OracleDatabase/RAC/OracleRealApplicationCluster/containerfiles/<VERSION>`.
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In this document,an `Oracle RAC Database Container Image` refers to an Oracle RAC Database Container Image with Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle Database software binaries installed during Oracle RAC Podman image creation.
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The resulting images will contain the Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle RAC Database software binaries. Before you begin, you must download grid and database binaries and stage them under `<GITHUB_REPO_CLONED_PATH>/docker-images/OracleDatabase/RAC/OracleRealApplicationCluster/containerfiles/<VERSION>`.
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## Network Management
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Before you start the installation, you must plan your private and public network. Refer to section `Podman Host Preparation` in the publication [Oracle Real Application Clusters Installation Guide](https://docs.oracle.com/cd/F39414_01/racpd/oracle-real-application-clusters-installation-guide-podman-oracle-linux-x86-64.pdf) for Podman Oracle Linux x86-64.
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You can create a `network bridge` on every container host so containers running within that host can communicate with each other. For example: create `rac_pub1_nw` for the public network (`10.0.20.0/24`) and `rac_priv1_nw` (`192.168.17.0/24`) for a private network. You can use any network subnet for testing. In this document we define the public network on `10.0.20.0/24` and the private network on `192.168.17.0/24`.
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You can create a `network bridge` on every container host so containers running within that host can communicate with each other. For example: create `rac_pub1_nw` for the public network (`10.0.20.0/24`) and `rac_priv1_nw` (`192.168.17.0/24`) for a private network.
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You can use any network subnet for testing. In this document we define the public network on `10.0.20.0/24` and the private network on `192.168.17.0/24`.
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## Overview of Running Oracle RAC in Containers
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Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC) is an option for the award-winning Oracle Database Enterprise Edition. Oracle RAC is a cluster database with a shared cache architecture that overcomes the limitations of traditional shared-nothing and shared-disk approaches to provide highly scalable and available database solutions for all business applications. Oracle RAC uses Oracle Clusterware as a portable cluster software that allows clustering of independent servers so that they cooperate as a single system and Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM) to provide simplified storage management that is consistent across all servers and storage platforms. Oracle Clusterware and Oracle ASM are part of the Oracle Grid Infrastructure, which bundles both solutions in an easy-to-deploy software package. For more information on Oracle RAC Database 21c refer to the [Oracle Database documentation](http://docs.oracle.com/en/database/).
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Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC) is an option for the award-winning Oracle Database Enterprise Edition. Oracle RAC is a cluster database with a shared cache architecture that overcomes the limitations of traditional shared-nothing and shared-disk approaches to provide highly scalable and available database solutions for all business applications.
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Oracle RAC uses Oracle Clusterware as a portable cluster software that allows clustering of independent servers so that they cooperate as a single system and Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM) to provide simplified storage management that is consistent across all servers and storage platforms. Oracle Clusterware and Oracle ASM are part of the Oracle Grid Infrastructure, which bundles both solutions in an easy-to-deploy software package.
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For more information on Oracle RAC Database 21c refer to the [Oracle Database documentation](http://docs.oracle.com/en/database/).
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This guide helps you install Oracle RAC on Containers on Host Machines as explained in detail below. With the current release, you prepare the host machine, build or use pre-built Oracle RAC Container Images v26.0, and setup Oracle RAC on Single or Multiple Host machines with Oracle ASM. In this installation guide, we use [Podman](https://docs.podman.io/en/v3.0/) to create Oracle RAC Containers and manage them.
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-[Copyright](#copyright)
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## Before you begin
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- Before proceeding further, the below prerequisites related to the Oracle RAC (Real Application Cluster) Podman host Environment need to be setup as a preparation steps for the Podman host machine for Oracle RAC Containers. For more details related to the preparation of the host machine, refer to [Preparation Steps for running Oracle RAC Database in containers](../../README.md#preparation-steps-for-running-oracle-rac-database-in-containers). We have pre-created script `setup_rac_host.sh` which will prepare the podman host with the following pre-requisites-
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- Before proceeding further, the below prerequisites related to the Oracle RAC (Real Application Cluster) Podman host Environment need to be setup as a preparation steps for the Podman host machine for Oracle RAC Containers. For more details related to the preparation of the host machine, refer to [Preparation Steps for running Oracle RAC Database in containers](../../README.md#preparation-steps-for-running-oracle-rac-database-in-containers).
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We have pre-created script `setup_rac_host.sh` which will prepare the podman host with the following pre-requisites-
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- Validate Host machine for supported Os version(OL >9.3), Kernel(>UEKR7), Memory(>32GB), Swap(>32GB), shm(>4GB) etc.
INFO: Finished setting up the pre-requisites for Podman-Host
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```
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## Getting Oracle RAC Database Container Images
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Oracle RAC is supported for production use on Podman starting with Oracle Database 19c (19.16), and Oracle Database 21c (21.7). You can also deploy Oracle RAC on Podman using the pre-built images available on the Oracle Container Registry. Refer [this documentation](#https://docs.oracle.com/en/operating-systems/oracle-linux/docker/docker-UsingDockerRegistries.html#docker-registry) for details on using Oracle Container Registry and [Getting Oracle RAC Database Container Images](../../README.md#getting-oracle-rac-database-container-images)
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Oracle RAC is supported for production use on Podman starting with Oracle Database 19c (19.16), and Oracle Database 21c (21.7). You can also deploy Oracle RAC on Podman using the pre-built images available on the Oracle Container Registry.
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Refer [this documentation](https://docs.oracle.com/en/operating-systems/oracle-linux/docker/docker-UsingDockerRegistries.html#docker-registry) for details on using Oracle Container Registry and [Getting Oracle RAC Database Container Images](../../README.md#getting-oracle-rac-database-container-images)
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Example of pulling an Oracle RAC Image from the Oracle Container Registry:
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-[Attach the network to racnodep1](#attach-the-network-to-racnodep1)
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-[Attach the network to racnodep2](#attach-the-network-to-racnodep2)
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-[Section 4: Start the Containers](#section-4-start-the-containers)
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-[Section 5: Validate the Oracle RAC Environment](#section-5-validating-oracle-rac-environment)
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-[Section 5: Validate the Oracle RAC Environment](#section-5-validate-the-oracle-rac-environment)
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-[Section 6: Connecting to Oracle RAC environment](#section-6-connecting-to-oracle-rac-environment)
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-[Section 7: Example of Node Addition to Oracle RAC Containers Based on Oracle RAC Image with block devices](#section-7-example-of-node-addition-to-oracle-rac-containers-based-on-oracle-rac-image-with-block-devices)
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-[Section 7.1: Example of node addition to Oracle RAC containers based on Oracle RAC image without Response File](#section-71-example-of-node-addition-to-oracle-rac-containers-based-on-oracle-rac-image-without-response-file)
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#### Section 2.1.1: Deploying With Block Devices
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##### Section 2.1.1.1: Prerequisites for setting up Oracle RAC with block devices
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Ensure that you have created at least one Block Device with at least 50 Gb of storage space that can be accessed by two Oracle RAC Nodes, and can be shared between them. You can create more block devices in accordance with your requirements and pass those environment variables and devices to the `podman create` command as well as in the Oracle Grid Infrastructure (grid) response files. **Note:** if you use response files. You can skip this step if you are planning to use NFS storage devices.
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Ensure that you have created at least one Block Device with at least 50 Gb of storage space that can be accessed by two Oracle RAC Nodes, and can be shared between them. You can create more block devices in accordance with your requirements and pass those environment variables and devices to the `podman create` command as well as in the Oracle Grid Infrastructure (grid) response files.
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**Note:** if you use response files. You can skip this step if you are planning to use NFS storage devices.
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Ensure that the ASM devices do not have any existing file system. To clear any other file system from the devices, use the following command:
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