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| 1 | +#ifndef Py_PYFPE_H |
| 2 | +#define Py_PYFPE_H |
| 3 | +#ifdef __cplusplus |
| 4 | +extern "C" { |
| 5 | +#endif |
| 6 | +/* |
| 7 | + --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 8 | + / Copyright (c) 1996. \ |
| 9 | + | The Regents of the University of California. | |
| 10 | + | All rights reserved. | |
| 11 | + | | |
| 12 | + | Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for | |
| 13 | + | any purpose without fee is hereby granted, provided that this en- | |
| 14 | + | tire notice is included in all copies of any software which is or | |
| 15 | + | includes a copy or modification of this software and in all | |
| 16 | + | copies of the supporting documentation for such software. | |
| 17 | + | | |
| 18 | + | This work was produced at the University of California, Lawrence | |
| 19 | + | Livermore National Laboratory under contract no. W-7405-ENG-48 | |
| 20 | + | between the U.S. Department of Energy and The Regents of the | |
| 21 | + | University of California for the operation of UC LLNL. | |
| 22 | + | | |
| 23 | + | DISCLAIMER | |
| 24 | + | | |
| 25 | + | This software was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an | |
| 26 | + | agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States | |
| 27 | + | Government nor the University of California nor any of their em- | |
| 28 | + | ployees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any | |
| 29 | + | liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or | |
| 30 | + | usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process | |
| 31 | + | disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe | |
| 32 | + | privately-owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commer- | |
| 33 | + | cial products, process, or service by trade name, trademark, | |
| 34 | + | manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or | |
| 35 | + | imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United | |
| 36 | + | States Government or the University of California. The views and | |
| 37 | + | opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or | |
| 38 | + | reflect those of the United States Government or the University | |
| 39 | + | of California, and shall not be used for advertising or product | |
| 40 | + \ endorsement purposes. / |
| 41 | + --------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 42 | +*/ |
| 43 | + |
| 44 | +/* |
| 45 | + * Define macros for handling SIGFPE. |
| 46 | + * Lee Busby, LLNL, November, 1996 |
| 47 | + |
| 48 | + * |
| 49 | + ********************************************* |
| 50 | + * Overview of the system for handling SIGFPE: |
| 51 | + * |
| 52 | + * This file (Include/pyfpe.h) defines a couple of "wrapper" macros for |
| 53 | + * insertion into your Python C code of choice. Their proper use is |
| 54 | + * discussed below. The file Python/pyfpe.c defines a pair of global |
| 55 | + * variables PyFPE_jbuf and PyFPE_counter which are used by the signal |
| 56 | + * handler for SIGFPE to decide if a particular exception was protected |
| 57 | + * by the macros. The signal handler itself, and code for enabling the |
| 58 | + * generation of SIGFPE in the first place, is in a (new) Python module |
| 59 | + * named fpectl. This module is standard in every respect. It can be loaded |
| 60 | + * either statically or dynamically as you choose, and like any other |
| 61 | + * Python module, has no effect until you import it. |
| 62 | + * |
| 63 | + * In the general case, there are three steps toward handling SIGFPE in any |
| 64 | + * Python code: |
| 65 | + * |
| 66 | + * 1) Add the *_PROTECT macros to your C code as required to protect |
| 67 | + * dangerous floating point sections. |
| 68 | + * |
| 69 | + * 2) Turn on the inclusion of the code by adding the ``--with-fpectl'' |
| 70 | + * flag at the time you run configure. If the fpectl or other modules |
| 71 | + * which use the *_PROTECT macros are to be dynamically loaded, be |
| 72 | + * sure they are compiled with WANT_SIGFPE_HANDLER defined. |
| 73 | + * |
| 74 | + * 3) When python is built and running, import fpectl, and execute |
| 75 | + * fpectl.turnon_sigfpe(). This sets up the signal handler and enables |
| 76 | + * generation of SIGFPE whenever an exception occurs. From this point |
| 77 | + * on, any properly trapped SIGFPE should result in the Python |
| 78 | + * FloatingPointError exception. |
| 79 | + * |
| 80 | + * Step 1 has been done already for the Python kernel code, and should be |
| 81 | + * done soon for the NumPy array package. Step 2 is usually done once at |
| 82 | + * python install time. Python's behavior with respect to SIGFPE is not |
| 83 | + * changed unless you also do step 3. Thus you can control this new |
| 84 | + * facility at compile time, or run time, or both. |
| 85 | + * |
| 86 | + ******************************** |
| 87 | + * Using the macros in your code: |
| 88 | + * |
| 89 | + * static PyObject *foobar(PyObject *self,PyObject *args) |
| 90 | + * { |
| 91 | + * .... |
| 92 | + * PyFPE_START_PROTECT("Error in foobar", return 0) |
| 93 | + * result = dangerous_op(somearg1, somearg2, ...); |
| 94 | + * PyFPE_END_PROTECT(result) |
| 95 | + * .... |
| 96 | + * } |
| 97 | + * |
| 98 | + * If a floating point error occurs in dangerous_op, foobar returns 0 (NULL), |
| 99 | + * after setting the associated value of the FloatingPointError exception to |
| 100 | + * "Error in foobar". ``Dangerous_op'' can be a single operation, or a block |
| 101 | + * of code, function calls, or any combination, so long as no alternate |
| 102 | + * return is possible before the PyFPE_END_PROTECT macro is reached. |
| 103 | + * |
| 104 | + * The macros can only be used in a function context where an error return |
| 105 | + * can be recognized as signaling a Python exception. (Generally, most |
| 106 | + * functions that return a PyObject * will qualify.) |
| 107 | + * |
| 108 | + * Guido's original design suggestion for PyFPE_START_PROTECT and |
| 109 | + * PyFPE_END_PROTECT had them open and close a local block, with a locally |
| 110 | + * defined jmp_buf and jmp_buf pointer. This would allow recursive nesting |
| 111 | + * of the macros. The Ansi C standard makes it clear that such local |
| 112 | + * variables need to be declared with the "volatile" type qualifier to keep |
| 113 | + * setjmp from corrupting their values. Some current implementations seem |
| 114 | + * to be more restrictive. For example, the HPUX man page for setjmp says |
| 115 | + * |
| 116 | + * Upon the return from a setjmp() call caused by a longjmp(), the |
| 117 | + * values of any non-static local variables belonging to the routine |
| 118 | + * from which setjmp() was called are undefined. Code which depends on |
| 119 | + * such values is not guaranteed to be portable. |
| 120 | + * |
| 121 | + * I therefore decided on a more limited form of nesting, using a counter |
| 122 | + * variable (PyFPE_counter) to keep track of any recursion. If an exception |
| 123 | + * occurs in an ``inner'' pair of macros, the return will apparently |
| 124 | + * come from the outermost level. |
| 125 | + * |
| 126 | + */ |
| 127 | + |
| 128 | +#ifdef WANT_SIGFPE_HANDLER |
| 129 | +#include <signal.h> |
| 130 | +#include <setjmp.h> |
| 131 | +#include <math.h> |
| 132 | +extern jmp_buf PyFPE_jbuf; |
| 133 | +extern int PyFPE_counter; |
| 134 | +extern double PyFPE_dummy(void *); |
| 135 | + |
| 136 | +#define PyFPE_START_PROTECT(err_string, leave_stmt) \ |
| 137 | +if (!PyFPE_counter++ && setjmp(PyFPE_jbuf)) { \ |
| 138 | + PyErr_SetString(PyExc_FloatingPointError, err_string); \ |
| 139 | + PyFPE_counter = 0; \ |
| 140 | + leave_stmt; \ |
| 141 | +} |
| 142 | + |
| 143 | +/* |
| 144 | + * This (following) is a heck of a way to decrement a counter. However, |
| 145 | + * unless the macro argument is provided, code optimizers will sometimes move |
| 146 | + * this statement so that it gets executed *before* the unsafe expression |
| 147 | + * which we're trying to protect. That pretty well messes things up, |
| 148 | + * of course. |
| 149 | + * |
| 150 | + * If the expression(s) you're trying to protect don't happen to return a |
| 151 | + * value, you will need to manufacture a dummy result just to preserve the |
| 152 | + * correct ordering of statements. Note that the macro passes the address |
| 153 | + * of its argument (so you need to give it something which is addressable). |
| 154 | + * If your expression returns multiple results, pass the last such result |
| 155 | + * to PyFPE_END_PROTECT. |
| 156 | + * |
| 157 | + * Note that PyFPE_dummy returns a double, which is cast to int. |
| 158 | + * This seeming insanity is to tickle the Floating Point Unit (FPU). |
| 159 | + * If an exception has occurred in a preceding floating point operation, |
| 160 | + * some architectures (notably Intel 80x86) will not deliver the interrupt |
| 161 | + * until the *next* floating point operation. This is painful if you've |
| 162 | + * already decremented PyFPE_counter. |
| 163 | + */ |
| 164 | +#define PyFPE_END_PROTECT(v) PyFPE_counter -= (int)PyFPE_dummy(&(v)); |
| 165 | + |
| 166 | +#else |
| 167 | + |
| 168 | +#define PyFPE_START_PROTECT(err_string, leave_stmt) |
| 169 | +#define PyFPE_END_PROTECT(v) |
| 170 | + |
| 171 | +#endif |
| 172 | + |
| 173 | +#ifdef __cplusplus |
| 174 | +} |
| 175 | +#endif |
| 176 | +#endif /* !Py_PYFPE_H */ |
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