CI: Have dedicated Python 3.13 job instead of using Python dev #23039

Job	Run time
python-dev	0s
Pyodide build	23m 49s
Linux-32-bit	18m 51s
Linux-Musl	16m 37s
python-freethreading	24m 42s
macos-13 actions-310.yaml	35m 11s
macos-13 actions-311.yaml	23m 21s
macos-14 actions-310.yaml	19m 28s
macos-14 actions-311.yaml	16m 12s
macos-13 actions-312.yaml	44m 24s
macos-13 actions-313.yaml	54m 34s
macos-14 actions-312.yaml	15m 49s
macos-14 actions-313.yaml	18m 13s
windows-latest actions-311.yaml	34m 58s
windows-latest actions-312.yaml	42m 8s
windows-latest actions-313.yaml	1h 8m 24s
windows-latest actions-310.yaml	36m 14s
Minimum Versions	24m 26s
Future infer strings (without pyarrow)	38m 28s
Locale: zh_CN	25m 5s
Locale: it_IT	25m 42s
Downstream Compat	5m 47s
Numpy Dev	17m 29s
Pyarrow Nightly	21m 19s
Future infer strings	45m 2s
Pypy	1m 14s
ubuntu-22.04 actions-310.yaml	45m 40s
ubuntu-22.04 actions-311.yaml	43m 2s
ubuntu-22.04 actions-312.yaml	42m 28s
ubuntu-22.04 actions-313.yaml	1h 19m 19s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-311.yaml	33m 35s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-312.yaml	33m 15s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-313.yaml	33m 4s
ubuntu-24.04-arm actions-310.yaml	35m 23s
	17h 23m 13s

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