Updating documentation. Adding unit test

Author: rmhowe425

doc/source/whatsnew/v3.0.0.rst

@@ -45,10 +45,11 @@ Other enhancements
 - :meth:`DataFrame.fillna` and :meth:`Series.fillna` can now accept ``value=None``; for non-object dtype the corresponding NA value will be used (:issue:`57723`)
 - :meth:`DataFrame.pivot_table` and :func:`pivot_table` now allow the passing of keyword arguments to ``aggfunc`` through ``**kwargs`` (:issue:`57884`)
 - :meth:`Series.cummin` and :meth:`Series.cummax` now supports :class:`CategoricalDtype` (:issue:`52335`)
+- :meth:`Series.dt.day_of_week` now returns ``int8`` dtype (:issue:`58185`)
 - :meth:`Series.plot` now correctly handle the ``ylabel`` parameter for pie charts, allowing for explicit control over the y-axis label (:issue:`58239`)
 - Restore support for reading Stata 104-format and enable reading 103-format dta files (:issue:`58554`)
 - Support reading Stata 110-format (Stata 7) dta files (:issue:`47176`)
-
+-
 .. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 .. _whatsnew_300.notable_bug_fixes:
 

pandas/tests/series/accessors/test_dt_accessor.py

@@ -136,6 +136,12 @@ def test_dt_namespace_accessor_datetime64(self, freq):
         expected = Series(exp_values, index=ser.index, name="xxx")
         tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
 
+    def test_day_of_week_return_type(self):
+        ser = Series(
+            ["2024-01-01", "2024-01-02", "2024-01-03"], dtype="datetime64[us]"
+        ).dt.day_of_week
+        assert ser.dtype == "int8"
+
     def test_dt_namespace_accessor_datetime64tz(self):
         # GH#7207, GH#11128
         # test .dt namespace accessor