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source/user/manual/model/elements/other/BasicLink.rst

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.. _element-two-node-link:
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Link
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^^^^^^
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BasicLink
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^^^^^^^^^
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``Link`` connects two nodes with a set of uncoupled
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``BasicLink`` connects two nodes with a set of uncoupled
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uniaxial springs/dashpots acting along user-selected basic directions.
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It supports 1D, 2D, and 3D kinematics and can include geometric
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(P–Δ) effects, optional Rayleigh damping, and a lumped translational mass.
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.. py:method:: Model.element("BasicLink", tag, nodes, *, mat, dir=None, dof=None, orient=None, pDelta=None, shearDist=None, doRayleigh=False, mass=0.0)
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:no-index:
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Create a two–node link element that couples specified DOFs between two nodes using one or more uniaxial material models.
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:param tag: unique :ref:`element` tag
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:type tag: |integer|
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:param nodes: pair of integer node tags ``(iNode, jNode)`` (see :ref:`node`)
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:type nodes: tuple
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:param mat: uniaxial material tags assigned to the requested link directions
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:type mat: tuple or list of |integer|
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:param dir: 1-based DOF indices corresponding to ``mat`` (length must equal ``len(mat)``); synonym: ``dof``
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:type dir: tuple or list of |integer|
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:param orient: element orientation. Accepts either
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``(x1, x2, x3, y1, y2, y3)`` or a single 3-vector depending on model dimension:
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- In 1D/2D, a single 3-vector is treated as the *x* axis.
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- In 3D, a single 3-vector is treated as the *y* (``yp``) axis while *x* defaults from node coordinates.
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If omitted, :math:`\mathbf{e}_x = \Delta \mathbf{x}/L` and :math:`\mathbf{e}_y = (0,1,0)`.
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:type orient: tuple or list of |float|
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:param pDelta: P-Δ moment distribution ratios. In 3D supply four values; in 2D supply two values.
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:type pDelta: tuple or list of |float|
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:param shearDist: shear distance from node *i*. In 3D supply two values; in 2D supply one value
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(the second defaults internally to ``0.5`` if not provided).
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:type shearDist: tuple or list of |float|
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:param doRayleigh: include Rayleigh damping contributions
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:type doRayleigh: |bool|
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:param mass: lumped element mass
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:type mass: |float|
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.. note::
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- ``dof`` is **1-based**
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- The lengths of ``mat`` and ``dof`` must match.
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- Orientation parsing follows the element’s Tcl command exactly: two vectors ``(x, y)`` if six numbers are given; otherwise a single vector is interpreted per model dimension as described above.
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Formulation
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===========
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The element operates in three coordinate systems:
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- **Global (g)** – the analysis coordinates at the nodes.
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- **Local (l)** – the element’s orthonormal triad :math:`\{\mathbf{e}_x,\mathbf{e}_y,\mathbf{e}_z\}`.
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- **Basic (b)** – the collection of scalar deformation modes that are each driven
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- **Global** – the analysis coordinates at the nodes.
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- **Local** – the element’s orthonormal triad :math:`\{\mathbf{e}_x,\mathbf{e}_y,\mathbf{e}_z\}`.
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- **Basic** – the collection of scalar deformation modes that are each driven
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by a single uniaxial material.
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Only diagonal coupling is used in the basic system: each basic mode is
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assigned exactly one uniaxial material.
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Formulation
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===========
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Let :math:`\mathbf{u}_g` be the global nodal DOF vector ordered as the DOF of
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node *i* followed by the DOF of node *j*.
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The element forms the local

source/user/manual/model/elements/other/FrameLink.rst

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supports optional Rayleigh damping, translational lumped mass, and geometric
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(:math:`P\!-\!\Delta`) effects.
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.. py:method:: Model.element("FrameLink", tag, nodes, section, *, orient=None, pDelta=None, shearDist=None, doRayleigh=False, mass=0.0)
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:no-index:
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Create a two–node link element whose behavior is defined by a section formulation.
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:param tag: unique :ref:`element` tag
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:type tag: |integer|
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:param nodes: pair of integer node tags ``(iNode, jNode)`` (see :ref:`node`)
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:type nodes: tuple
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:param section: section tag (see :ref:`section`)
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:type section: |integer|
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:param orient: element orientation. Accepts either
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``(x1, x2, x3, y1, y2, y3)`` or a single 3-vector depending on model dimension:
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- In 1D/2D, a single 3-vector is treated as :math:`\mathbf{e}_x`.
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- In 3D, a single 3-vector is treated as :math:`\mathbf{e}_y` while :math:`\mathbf{e}_x` defaults from node coordinates.
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If omitted, :math:`\mathbf{e}_x = \Delta \mathbf{x}/L` and :math:`\mathbf{e}_y = (0,1,0)`.
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:type orient: tuple or list of |float|
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:param pDelta: P-Δ moment distribution ratios. In 3D supply four values; in 2D supply two values.
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:type pDelta: tuple or list of |float|
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:param shearDist: shear distance from node *i*. In 3D supply two values; in 2D supply one value
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(the second defaults internally to ``0.5`` if not provided).
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:type shearDist: tuple or list of |float|
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:param doRayleigh: include Rayleigh damping contributions
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:type doRayleigh: |bool|
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:param mass: lumped element mass
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:type mass: |float|
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Formulation
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===========

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