diff --git a/src/Encoder/SoapEnc/SoapArrayAccess.php b/src/Encoder/SoapEnc/SoapArrayAccess.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4bd0a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Encoder/SoapEnc/SoapArrayAccess.php
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+<?php declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Soap\Encoding\Encoder\SoapEnc;
+
+use Soap\Encoding\Encoder\Context;
+use Soap\Encoding\Encoder\XmlEncoder;
+use Soap\Engine\Metadata\Model\TypeMeta;
+use Soap\Engine\Metadata\Model\XsdType;
+use Soap\WsdlReader\Model\Definitions\BindingUse;
+use Soap\WsdlReader\Parser\Xml\QnameParser;
+use Soap\Xml\Xmlns;
+use Stringable;
+use function Psl\Result\try_catch;
+
+final class SoapArrayAccess
+{
+    /**
+     * @param XmlEncoder<mixed, Stringable|string> $itemEncoder
+     */
+    public function __construct(
+        public readonly string $xsiType,
+        public readonly Context $itemContext,
+        public readonly XmlEncoder $itemEncoder,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public static function forContext(Context $context): self
+    {
+        $meta = $context->type->getMeta();
+        [$namespace, $nodePrefix, $nodeType] = $meta->arrayType()
+            ->map(static fn (array $info): array => [$info['namespace'], ...(new QnameParser())($info['itemType'])])
+            ->unwrapOr([
+                Xmlns::xsd()->value(),
+                $context->namespaces->lookupNameFromNamespace(Xmlns::xsd()->value())->unwrapOr('xsd'),
+                'anyType'
+            ]);
+        $itemNodeName = $meta->arrayNodeName()->unwrapOr(null);
+        $xsiType = ltrim($nodePrefix . ':' . $nodeType, ':');
+
+        $xsdType = try_catch(
+            static fn (): XsdType => $context->metadata->getTypes()
+                ->fetchByNameAndXmlNamespace($nodeType, $namespace)
+                ->getXsdType(),
+            static fn (): XsdType => XsdType::any()
+                ->copy($nodeType)
+                ->withXmlTypeName($nodeType)
+                ->withXmlNamespace($namespace)
+                ->withMeta(static fn (TypeMeta $meta): TypeMeta => $meta->withIsElement(true))
+        );
+
+        if ($context->bindingUse === BindingUse::ENCODED || $itemNodeName !== null) {
+            $xsdType = $xsdType->withXmlTargetNodeName($itemNodeName ?? 'item');
+        } else {
+            $xsdType = $xsdType
+                ->withXmlTargetNodeName($nodeType)
+                ->withXmlTargetNamespaceName($nodePrefix)
+                ->withXmlTargetNamespace($namespace)
+                ->withMeta(
+                    static fn (TypeMeta $meta): TypeMeta => $meta->withIsQualified(true),
+                );
+        }
+
+        $itemContext = $context->withType($xsdType);
+        $encoder = $context->registry->detectEncoderForContext($itemContext);
+
+        return new self(
+            $xsiType,
+            $itemContext,
+            $encoder,
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Encoder/SoapEnc/SoapArrayEncoder.php b/src/Encoder/SoapEnc/SoapArrayEncoder.php
index da50958..fa4fe67 100644
--- a/src/Encoder/SoapEnc/SoapArrayEncoder.php
+++ b/src/Encoder/SoapEnc/SoapArrayEncoder.php
@@ -5,29 +5,22 @@
 
 use Closure;
 use DOMElement;
-use Generator;
 use Soap\Encoding\Encoder\Context;
 use Soap\Encoding\Encoder\Feature\ListAware;
-use Soap\Encoding\Encoder\SimpleType\ScalarTypeEncoder;
 use Soap\Encoding\Encoder\XmlEncoder;
 use Soap\Encoding\TypeInference\XsiTypeDetector;
 use Soap\Encoding\Xml\Node\Element;
-use Soap\Encoding\Xml\Reader\ElementValueReader;
 use Soap\Encoding\Xml\Writer\XsdTypeXmlElementWriter;
 use Soap\Encoding\Xml\Writer\XsiAttributeBuilder;
-use Soap\Engine\Metadata\Model\XsdType;
 use Soap\WsdlReader\Model\Definitions\BindingUse;
-use Soap\WsdlReader\Parser\Xml\QnameParser;
 use VeeWee\Reflecta\Iso\Iso;
-use XMLWriter;
 use function count;
+use function Psl\Fun\lazy;
 use function Psl\Vec\map;
 use function VeeWee\Xml\Dom\Locator\Element\children as readChildren;
 use function VeeWee\Xml\Writer\Builder\children;
-use function VeeWee\Xml\Writer\Builder\element;
-use function VeeWee\Xml\Writer\Builder\namespaced_element;
 use function VeeWee\Xml\Writer\Builder\prefixed_attribute;
-use function VeeWee\Xml\Writer\Builder\value as buildValue;
+use function VeeWee\Xml\Writer\Builder\raw as buildRaw;
 
 /**
  * @implements XmlEncoder<list<mixed>, non-empty-string>
@@ -39,39 +32,35 @@ final class SoapArrayEncoder implements ListAware, XmlEncoder
      */
     public function iso(Context $context): Iso
     {
+        $arrayAccess = lazy(static fn (): SoapArrayAccess => SoapArrayAccess::forContext($context));
+
         return (new Iso(
             /**
              * @param list<mixed> $value
              * @return non-empty-string
              */
-            fn (array $value): string => $this->encodeArray($context, $value),
+            fn (array $value): string => $this->encodeArray($context, $arrayAccess(), $value),
             /**
              * @param non-empty-string|Element $value
              * @return list<mixed>
              */
             fn (string|Element $value): array => $this->decodeArray(
                 $context,
+                $arrayAccess(),
                 $value instanceof Element ? $value : Element::fromString($value)
             ),
         ));
     }
 
+
     /**
      * @param list<mixed> $data
      *
      * @return non-empty-string
      */
-    private function encodeArray(Context $context, array $data): string
+    private function encodeArray(Context $context, SoapArrayAccess $arrayAccess, array $data): string
     {
-        $type = $context->type;
-        $meta = $type->getMeta();
-        $itemNodeName = $meta->arrayNodeName()->unwrapOr(null);
-        $itemType = $meta->arrayType()
-            ->map(static fn (array $info): string => $info['itemType'])
-            ->unwrapOr(XsiTypeDetector::detectFromValue(
-                $context->withType(XsdType::any()),
-                $data[0] ?? null
-            ));
+        $iso = $arrayAccess->itemEncoder->iso($arrayAccess->itemContext);
 
         return (new XsdTypeXmlElementWriter())(
             $context,
@@ -86,66 +75,35 @@ private function encodeArray(Context $context, array $data): string
                             prefixed_attribute(
                                 'SOAP-ENC',
                                 'arrayType',
-                                $itemType . '['.count($data).']'
+                                $arrayAccess->xsiType . '['.count($data).']'
                             ),
                         ]
                         : []
                 ),
                 ...map(
                     $data,
-                    fn (mixed $value): Closure => $this->itemElement($context, $itemNodeName, $itemType, $value)
+                    static fn (mixed $value): Closure => buildRaw((string) $iso->to($value))
                 )
             ])
         );
     }
 
-    /**
-     * @psalm-param mixed $value
-     * @return Closure(XMLWriter): Generator<bool>
-     */
-    private function itemElement(Context $context, ?string $itemNodeName, string $itemType, mixed $value): Closure
-    {
-        $buildValue = buildValue(ScalarTypeEncoder::default()->iso($context)->to($value));
-
-        if ($context->bindingUse === BindingUse::ENCODED || $itemNodeName !== null) {
-            return element(
-                $itemNodeName ?? 'item',
-                children([
-                    (new XsiAttributeBuilder($context, $itemType)),
-                    $buildValue
-                ])
-            );
-        }
-
-        [$prefix, $localName] = (new QnameParser())($itemType);
-
-        return namespaced_element(
-            $context->namespaces->lookupNamespaceFromName($prefix)->unwrap(),
-            $prefix,
-            $localName,
-            $buildValue
-        );
-    }
-
     /**
      * @return list<mixed>
      */
-    private function decodeArray(Context $context, Element $value): array
+    private function decodeArray(Context $context, SoapArrayAccess $arrayAccess, Element $value): array
     {
         $element = $value->element();
+        $iso = $arrayAccess->itemEncoder->iso($arrayAccess->itemContext);
 
         return readChildren($element)->reduce(
             /**
              * @param list<mixed> $list
              * @return list<mixed>
              */
-            static function (array $list, DOMElement $item) use ($context): array {
-                /** @psalm-var mixed $value */
-                $value = (new ElementValueReader())(
-                    $context->withType(XsdType::any()),
-                    ScalarTypeEncoder::default(),
-                    $item
-                );
+            static function (array $list, DOMElement $item) use ($iso): array {
+                /** @var mixed $value */
+                $value = $iso->from(Element::fromDOMElement($item));
 
                 return [...$list, $value];
             },
diff --git a/tests/PhpCompatibility/Implied/ImpliedSchema013Test.php b/tests/PhpCompatibility/Implied/ImpliedSchema013Test.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf35134
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PhpCompatibility/Implied/ImpliedSchema013Test.php
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+<?php
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Soap\Encoding\Test\PhpCompatibility\Implied;
+
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\CoversClass;
+use Soap\Encoding\Decoder;
+use Soap\Encoding\Driver;
+use Soap\Encoding\Encoder;
+use Soap\Encoding\Test\PhpCompatibility\AbstractCompatibilityTests;
+
+#[CoversClass(Driver::class)]
+#[CoversClass(Encoder::class)]
+#[CoversClass(Decoder::class)]
+#[CoversClass(Encoder\SoapEnc\SoapArrayEncoder::class)]
+final class ImpliedSchema013Test extends AbstractCompatibilityTests
+{
+    protected string $schema = <<<EOXML
+    <complexType name="Foo">
+        <all>
+            <element name="id" type="string" />
+        </all>
+    </complexType>
+    <complexType name="ArrayOfFoo" xmlns:soap-enc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">
+        <complexContent>
+            <restriction base="soap-enc:Array">
+                <attribute ref="soap-enc:arrayType" wsdl:arrayType="tns:Foo[]"/>
+            </restriction>
+        </complexContent>
+    </complexType>
+    <element name="testType" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" type="tns:ArrayOfFoo" />
+    EOXML;
+    protected string $type = 'type="tns:ArrayOfFoo"';
+
+    protected function calculateParam(): mixed
+    {
+        return [
+            (object)['id' => 'abc'],
+            (object)['id' => 'def'],
+        ];
+    }
+
+    protected function expectXml(): string
+    {
+        return <<<XML
+         <SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"
+            xmlns:tns="http://test-uri/"
+            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+            xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+            xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">
+            <SOAP-ENV:Body SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/">
+                <tns:test>
+                    <testParam SOAP-ENC:arrayType="tns:Foo[2]" xsi:type="tns:ArrayOfFoo">
+                        <item xsi:type="tns:Foo">
+                          <id xsi:type="xsd:string">abc</id>
+                        </item>
+                        <item xsi:type="tns:Foo">
+                          <id xsi:type="xsd:string">def</id>
+                        </item>
+                    </testParam>
+                </tns:test>
+            </SOAP-ENV:Body>
+        </SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
+        XML;
+    }
+}