diff --git a/ext/dom/tests/gh16316.phpt b/ext/dom/tests/gh16316.phpt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000..43368746bc462
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/dom/tests/gh16316.phpt
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+--TEST--
+GH-16316 (DOMXPath breaks when not initialized properly)
+--EXTENSIONS--
+dom
+--FILE--
+<?php
+
+class Demo extends DOMXPath {
+    public function __construct() {}
+}
+
+$demo = new Demo;
+try {
+    var_dump($demo);
+} catch (DOMException $e) {
+    echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
+}
+
+try {
+    var_dump($demo->document);
+} catch (DOMException $e) {
+    echo $e->getMessage(), "\n";
+}
+
+?>
+--EXPECT--
+object(Demo)#1 (1) {
+  ["registerNodeNamespaces"]=>
+  bool(true)
+}
+Invalid State Error
+Invalid State Error
diff --git a/ext/dom/xpath.c b/ext/dom/xpath.c
index 22a7e0ecc5a91..cad08e0a8d8a6 100644
--- a/ext/dom/xpath.c
+++ b/ext/dom/xpath.c
@@ -264,6 +264,11 @@ int dom_xpath_document_read(dom_object *obj, zval *retval)
 		docp = (xmlDocPtr) ctx->doc;
 	}
 
+	if (UNEXPECTED(!docp)) {
+		php_dom_throw_error(INVALID_STATE_ERR, /* strict */ true);
+		return FAILURE;
+	}
+
 	php_dom_create_object((xmlNodePtr) docp, retval, obj);
 	return SUCCESS;
 }