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pull/5/_sources/solutions/reference-designs/adalm-pluto/index.rst.txt

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.. _pluto users far_fast:
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How far/fast?
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=============
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The first two questions asked by many novice users of wireless communications
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are always:
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1. *How fast does it go?*
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2. *How far does it cover?*
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The answers are not practical to answer for a device like the ADALM-PLUTO, or
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any other SDR since you can gain distance by giving up datarate, gain data rate
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by increasing bandwidth, gain data rate by changing modulation scheme. The
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performance (how far/fast) of the system will depend heavily on everything from
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the choice of carrier frequency, modulation type, bandwidth, antennas, local
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environment (topography, vegetation, weather), just to name a few.
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Data Links vs Radios
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---------------------
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One of the first things to understand from a novice standpoint is the difference
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between a data link and a radio.
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At the top level, a `data link <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_link>`_
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connects one location to another for the purpose of transmitting and receiving
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digital information. In most instances, we have a transmitter and a receiver and
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the channel. These are governed by a link protocol enabling digital data to be
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transferred from a data source (transmitter) to a data sink (receiver). The data
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link specifies everything that both the transmitter and a receiver need to know
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to communicate effectively. This includes such things as:
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* `Simplex <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplex_communication>`_,
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`Half-duplex <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duplex_(telecommunications)#HALF-DUPLEX>`_
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or `Duplex <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duplex_(telecommunications)>`_
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communication links
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* occupied bandwidth
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* center frequency
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* modulation types supported
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* negotiation of modulation types (if supported)
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* MAC protocol (multi-master, master-slave, CSMA, etc)
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When asking questions about how far, how fast, bit error rate - these are
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characteristics of a data link, not a radio.
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Since the ADALM-PLUTO is a radio, not a datalink, it is difficult to answer
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those questions.
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For analyzing data links, there is a great article at
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`AFAR Communications <http://www.afar.net/tutorials/how-far/>`_ which reviews
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these sorts of things.

pull/5/_sources/tools/pluto/users/index.rst.txt

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..
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Make sure all things are in ./users
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#. :dokuwiki:`Introduction to the Hardware <university/tools/pluto/users/intro>`
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#. :ref:`Introduction to the Hardware <pluto users intro>`
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#. :dokuwiki:`What's with the name? <university/tools/pluto/users/name>` *PlutoSDR?*
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#. :dokuwiki:`Understanding the Internals <university/tools/pluto/users/understanding>`
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#. :dokuwiki:`How hot? <university/tools/pluto/users/temp>`
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#. :dokuwiki:`How Far, How fast? <university/tools/pluto/users/far_fast>`
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#. :ref:`What's with the name? <pluto users name>` *PlutoSDR?*
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#. :ref:`Understanding the Internals <pluto users understanding>`
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#. :ref:`How hot? <pluto users temp>`
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#. :ref:`How Far, How fast? <pluto users far_fast>`
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#. :dokuwiki:`RF Output <university/tools/pluto/users/transmit>`
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#. :dokuwiki:`Receiver Sensitivity <university/tools/pluto/users/receiver_sensitivity>`
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#. :dokuwiki:`Dealing with Non-Quadrature signals <university/tools/pluto/users/non_quad>`
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#. :dokuwiki:`Antennas <university/tools/pluto/users/antennas>`
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#. :ref:`Antennas <pluto users antennas>`
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#. :dokuwiki:`Letter of Volatility <university/tools/pluto/users/letter_of_volatility_pluto.pdf>`
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#. :dokuwiki:`Quick Start <university/tools/pluto/users/quick_start>`
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`SoapyPlutoSDR <https://github.com/jocover/SoapyPlutoSDR>`__
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#. `Access and control of PlutoSDR hardware using python bindings to libiio <https://github.com/radiosd/PlutoSdr>`__
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#. :dokuwiki:`Python Interfaces </resources/tools-software/linux-software/pyadi-iio>`
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#. :dokuwiki:`C Examples </university/tools/pluto/controlling_the_transceiver_and_transferring_data>`
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#. :ref:`C Examples <pluto transceiver_transferring_data>`
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#. :dokuwiki:`/university/tools/pluto/Accessories </Accessories>`
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.. _pluto users intro:
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Introduction to the ADALM-PLUTO
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================================
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.. image:: pluto_on_desk.png
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:width: 400px
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:align: center
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To use the :adi:`ADALM-PLUTO` Active Learning Module, you have:
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RF Connectors
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-------------
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* 2 RF `SMA connectors <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMA_connector>`_ [1]_
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to connect to instrumentation or antennas
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* Transmit (labeled 'Tx')
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* Receive (labeled 'Rx')
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* 300 MHz - 3.8 GHz
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* 200 kHz - 20 MHz channel bandwidth
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USB Connectivity
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----------------
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* USB for your host connectivity (used to stream data)
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* USB 2 (480 Mbits/second)
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* libiio USB device for communicating to the RF device
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* Network device
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* Remote Network Driver Interface Specification
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(`RNDIS <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNDIS>`_)
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* This will enumerate with the ``192.168.2.1`` IP address by default.
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* USB serial device
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* "provides access to the Linux console on the Pluto device via USB
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Communication Device Class Abstract Control Model"
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(`USB CDC ACM <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_communications_device_class>`_)
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* Mass storage device
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* this will appear to the host as a disk, where you can find links for
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software uploads, and the serial number of the device.
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External Power
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--------------
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* External power
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* During Pluto design, potential consumption exceeded 5 unit loads for
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`USB 2 <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB#Power>`_ (500mA), so a backup
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power connector was added. Not necessary for nominal use.
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* An external adapter
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(like `this one from Adafruit <https://www.adafruit.com/products/1995>`_)
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* "We know the 'Power' icon is the 'on/off' icon, if you think that is
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confusing - please let us know."
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.. [1] SubMiniature version A

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