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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: develop/interoperability/xcm-observability.md
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- The runtime automatically appends a `SetTopic` instruction if one is missing at the end of an XCM.
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- When using high-level extrinsics such as `limited_reserve_transfer_assets`, you do not need to set a topic manually; the runtime handles it for you.
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-If you manually craft an XCM (e.g., via [`execute`](https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot-sdk/master/pallet_xcm/pallet/struct.Pallet.html#method.execute){target=\_blank} or [`send`](https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot-sdk/master/pallet_xcm/pallet/struct.Pallet.html#method.send){target=\_blank}), you can supply your own `SetTopic`, but it must be the final instruction to be respected.
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-When manually crafting an XCM via [`execute`](https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot-sdk/master/pallet_xcm/pallet/struct.Pallet.html#method.execute){target=\_blank} or [`send`](https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot-sdk/master/pallet_xcm/pallet/struct.Pallet.html#method.send){target=\_blank}), you can include a `SetTopic` as the final instruction; otherwise, `WithUniqueTopic` will append its own unique ID, overriding earlier `SetTopic` instructions.
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- In multi-hop XCM flows, manually setting the topic ensures consistent tracing across all hops. Any remote XCM calls embedded inside the XCM must also include a `SetTopic` at the end to preserve the same `message_id` throughout the cross-chain flow.
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## Message Lifecycle
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description: This conceptual overview of XCM observability in Polkadot covers message correlation, tracing, and debugging features in modern runtimes.
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description: A conceptual overview of XCM observability in Polkadot covers message correlation, tracing, and debugging features in modern runtimes.
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---
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# XCM Observability
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- The runtime automatically appends a `SetTopic` instruction if one is missing at the end of an XCM.
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- When using high-level extrinsics such as `limited_reserve_transfer_assets`, you do not need to set a topic manually; the runtime handles it for you.
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- If you manually craft an XCM (e.g., via [`execute`](https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot-sdk/master/pallet_xcm/pallet/struct.Pallet.html#method.execute){target=\_blank} or [`send`](https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot-sdk/master/pallet_xcm/pallet/struct.Pallet.html#method.send){target=\_blank}), you can supply your own `SetTopic`, but it must be the final instruction to be respected.
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- When manually crafting an XCM via [`execute`](https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot-sdk/master/pallet_xcm/pallet/struct.Pallet.html#method.execute){target=\_blank} or [`send`](https://paritytech.github.io/polkadot-sdk/master/pallet_xcm/pallet/struct.Pallet.html#method.send){target=\_blank}), you can include a `SetTopic` as the final instruction; otherwise, `WithUniqueTopic` will append its own unique ID, overriding earlier `SetTopic` instructions.
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- In multi-hop XCM flows, manually setting the topic ensures consistent tracing across all hops. Any remote XCM calls embedded inside the XCM must also include a `SetTopic` at the end to preserve the same `message_id` throughout the cross-chain flow.
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## Message Lifecycle
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```
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> Note: `@noble/hashes` and `polkadot-api` are required dependencies for this code to work.
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## Failure Event Handling
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When an XCM fails, the transaction rolls back and no explicit failure event is emitted on-chain. The following are some ways to check for XCM failure:
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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: llms.txt
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- [Transact](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/polkadot-developers/polkadot-docs/refs/heads/master/develop/interoperability/xcm-guides/from-apps/transact.md): Learn how to execute arbitrary calls on remote chains using the Transact instruction, enabling cross-chain function execution and remote pallet interactions.
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- [Transfers](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/polkadot-developers/polkadot-docs/refs/heads/master/develop/interoperability/xcm-guides/from-apps/transfers.md): Learn how to perform cross-chain asset transfers using XCM, including teleport, reserve transfers, and handling different asset types across parachains.
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- [XCM Guides](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/polkadot-developers/polkadot-docs/refs/heads/master/develop/interoperability/xcm-guides/index.md): Comprehensive guides for implementing XCM functionality in applications and understanding cross-chain interactions.
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- [XCM Observability](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/polkadot-developers/polkadot-docs/refs/heads/master/develop/interoperability/xcm-observability.md): This conceptual overview of XCM observability in Polkadot covers message correlation, tracing, and debugging features in modern runtimes.
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- [XCM Observability](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/polkadot-developers/polkadot-docs/refs/heads/master/develop/interoperability/xcm-observability.md): A conceptual overview of XCM observability in Polkadot covers message correlation, tracing, and debugging features in modern runtimes.
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- [XCM Runtime APIs](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/polkadot-developers/polkadot-docs/refs/heads/master/develop/interoperability/xcm-runtime-apis.md): Learn about XCM Runtime APIs in Polkadot for cross-chain communication. Explore the APIs to simulate and test XCM messages before execution on the network.
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- [Networks](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/polkadot-developers/polkadot-docs/refs/heads/master/develop/networks.md): Explore the Polkadot ecosystem networks and learn the unique purposes of each, tailored for blockchain innovation, testing, and enterprise-grade solutions.
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- [Add a Pallet to the Runtime](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/polkadot-developers/polkadot-docs/refs/heads/master/develop/parachains/customize-parachain/add-existing-pallets.md): Learn how to include and configure pallets in a Polkadot SDK-based runtime, from adding dependencies to implementing necessary traits.
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