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Testing

Flash BootImage.img to a USB stick, /dev/sdc in the example below.

Mac

BIOS emulation ("Windows") on Mac

This is not a bootable disk.  Please insert a bootable floppy and
press any key to try again ...

Reason unknown.

EFI on Mac

Works.

QEMU

BIOS on QEMU

Works.

sudo apt -y install qemu-system-x86
sudo qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -localtime -m 2G -vga std -drive file=/dev/sdc,readonly,cache=none,format=raw,if=virtio

Note: Without -m 1G it boots, but hangs in the emergency busybox shell.

EFI on QEMU

Works.

sudo apt -y install qemu-system-x86 ovmf
sudo qemu-system-x86_64 -bios /usr/share/ovmf/OVMF.fd -enable-kvm -localtime -m 2G -vga std -drive file=/dev/sdc,readonly,cache=none,format=raw,if=virtio

Note: As part of the BootImage generation process, need to have copied

me@host:~$ ls /cdrom/EFI/BOOT/
BOOTx64.EFI  grubx64.efi

me@host:~$ find /cdrom/EFI/
/cdrom/EFI/
/cdrom/EFI/BOOT
/cdrom/EFI/BOOT/BOOTx64.EFI
/cdrom/EFI/BOOT/grubx64.efi

If we have not done this,

then, at the grub> prompt, enter (using tab completion):

grub> configfile (hd0,msdos1)/boot/grub/grub.cfg

Note: But then we get:

error: can't find command 'loopback'.
error: can't find command 'linux'.
error: can't find command 'initrd'.

Press any key to continue...

Why?