Replace Black with ruff format

See https://astral.sh/blog/the-ruff-formatter, with `ruff format` being
30x faster.

Author: rht

.github/workflows/build_lint.yml

@@ -84,6 +84,6 @@ jobs:
       uses: actions/setup-python@v4
       with:
         python-version: "3.12"
-    - run: pip install black[jupyter]
-    - name: Lint with black
-      run: black --check --exclude=mesa/cookiecutter-mesa/* .
+    - run: pip install ruff~=0.1.1  # Update periodically
+    - name: Lint with ruff format
+      run: ruff format --check .

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -3,11 +3,16 @@ ci:
     autofix_prs: false
 
 repos:
--   repo: https://github.com/psf/black
-    rev: 23.10.1
-    hooks:
-      - id: black-jupyter
-        exclude: ^mesa/cookiecutter-mesa/
+- repo: https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff-pre-commit
+  # Ruff version.
+  rev: v0.1.5
+  hooks:
+    # Run the linter.
+    - id: ruff
+      types_or: [ python, pyi, jupyter ]
+    # Run the formatter.
+    - id: ruff-format
+      types_or: [ python, pyi, jupyter ]
 -   repo: https://github.com/asottile/pyupgrade
     rev: v3.15.0
     hooks:

CONTRIBUTING.rst

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ We test by implementing simple models and through traditional unit tests in the
 
     py.test --cov=mesa tests/
 
-With respect to code standards, we follow `PEP8`_ and the `Google Style Guide`_. We recommend to use `black`_ as an automated code formatter. You can automatically format your code using `pre-commit`_, which will prevent `git commit` of unstyled code and will automatically apply black style so you can immediately re-run `git commit`. To set up pre-commit run the following commands:
+With respect to code standards, we follow `PEP8`_ and the `Google Style Guide`_. We use `ruff format`_ (a more performant alternative to `black`) as an automated code formatter. You can automatically format your code using `pre-commit`_, which will prevent `git commit` of unstyled code and will automatically apply black style so you can immediately re-run `git commit`. To set up pre-commit run the following commands:
 
 .. code-block:: bash
 

pyproject.toml

@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ dynamic = ["version"]
 
 [project.optional-dependencies]
 dev = [
-  "black",
   "ruff~=0.1.1",  # Update periodically
   "coverage",
   "pytest >= 4.6",
@@ -132,6 +131,7 @@ extend-ignore = [
     "RUF012",  # Mutable class attributes should be annotated with `typing.ClassVar` TODO
     "S310",  # Audit URL open for permitted schemes. Allowing use of `file:` or custom schemes is often unexpected.
     "S603",  # `subprocess` call: check for execution of untrusted input
+    "ISC001",  # ruff format asks to disable this feature
 ]
 extend-exclude = ["docs", "build"]
 # Hardcode to Python 3.8.