(#9292) New command line flag for puppet resource, fail

See discussion in issue #9292.
What this PR adds is the ability for on the command line if --fail is passed then
the `puppet resource` command will exit with a non zero return code.

(cherry picked from commit cf6cb77)

Conflicts:
	lib/puppet/application/resource.rb
	spec/unit/application/resource_spec.rb

We no longer need to call save_result.first, because we explicitly
assign the save_result and report return values from

    save_result, report = Puppet::Resource.indirection.save(resource, key)

Spec test conflict was because commit 65bcabd moved the test type
and provider outside of the test.

Author: cthorn42

lib/puppet/application/resource.rb

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ def preinit
   option("--verbose","-v")
   option("--edit","-e")
   option("--to_yaml","-y")
+  option('--fail', '-f')
 
   option("--types", "-t") do |arg|
     env = Puppet.lookup(:environments).get(Puppet[:environment]) || create_default_environment
@@ -106,6 +107,9 @@ def help
   Output found resources in yaml format, suitable to use with Hiera and
   create_resources.
 
+* --fail:
+  Fails and returns an exit code of 1 if the resource could not be modified.
+
 EXAMPLE
 -------
 This example uses `puppet resource` to return a Puppet configuration for
@@ -233,8 +237,11 @@ def find_or_save_resources(type, name, params)
           resource = Puppet::Resource.new( type, name, :parameters => params )
 
           # save returns [resource that was saved, transaction log from applying the resource]
-          save_result = Puppet::Resource.indirection.save(resource, key)
-          [ save_result.first ]
+          save_result, report = Puppet::Resource.indirection.save(resource, key)
+          status = report.resource_statuses[resource.ref]
+          raise "Failed to manage resource #{resource.ref}" if status&.failed? && options[:fail]
+
+          [save_result]
         end
       else
         if type == "file"

spec/unit/application/resource_spec.rb

@@ -118,12 +118,19 @@
       @resource_app.main
     end
 
+    before :each do
+      allow(@res).to receive(:ref).and_return("type/name")
+    end
+
     it "should add given parameters to the object" do
       allow(@resource_app.command_line).to receive(:args).and_return(['type','name','param=temp'])
 
       expect(Puppet::Resource.indirection).to receive(:save).with(@res, 'type/name').and_return([@res, @report])
       expect(Puppet::Resource).to receive(:new).with('type', 'name', {:parameters => {'param' => 'temp'}}).and_return(@res)
 
+      resource_status = instance_double('Puppet::Resource::Status')
+      allow(@report).to receive(:resource_statuses).and_return({'type/name' => resource_status})
+      allow(resource_status).to receive(:failed?).and_return(false)
       @resource_app.main
     end
   end
@@ -144,6 +151,9 @@ def exists?
         def string
           Puppet::Util::Execution::ProcessOutput.new('test', 0)
         end
+
+        def string=(value)
+        end
       end
 
       @resource_app.options[:to_yaml] = true