Support subclass inits for Url and MultiHostUrl

python/pydantic_core/_pydantic_core.pyi

@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ class Url(SupportsAllComparisons):
         scheme: str,
         username: str | None = None,
         password: str | None = None,
-        host: str,
+        host: str | None = None,
         port: int | None = None,
         path: str | None = None,
         query: str | None = None,
@@ -596,7 +596,7 @@ class Url(SupportsAllComparisons):
             scheme: The scheme part of the URL.
             username: The username part of the URL, or omit for no username.
             password: The password part of the URL, or omit for no password.
-            host: The host part of the URL.
+            host: The host part of the URL, or omit for no host.
             port: The port part of the URL, or omit for no port.
             path: The path part of the URL, or omit for no path.
             query: The query part of the URL, or omit for no query.

python/pydantic_core/core_schema.py

@@ -3655,6 +3655,7 @@ class MyModel:
 
 class UrlSchema(TypedDict, total=False):
     type: Required[Literal['url']]
+    cls: Type[Any]
     max_length: int
     allowed_schemes: List[str]
     host_required: bool  # default False
@@ -3669,6 +3670,7 @@ class UrlSchema(TypedDict, total=False):
 
 def url_schema(
     *,
+    cls: Type[Any] | None = None,
     max_length: int | None = None,
     allowed_schemes: list[str] | None = None,
     host_required: bool | None = None,
@@ -3693,6 +3695,7 @@ def url_schema(
     ```
 
     Args:
+        cls: The class to use for the URL build (a subclass of `pydantic_core.Url`)
         max_length: The maximum length of the URL
         allowed_schemes: The allowed URL schemes
         host_required: Whether the URL must have a host
@@ -3706,6 +3709,7 @@ def url_schema(
     """
     return _dict_not_none(
         type='url',
+        cls=cls,
         max_length=max_length,
         allowed_schemes=allowed_schemes,
         host_required=host_required,
@@ -3721,6 +3725,7 @@ def url_schema(
 
 class MultiHostUrlSchema(TypedDict, total=False):
     type: Required[Literal['multi-host-url']]
+    cls: Type[Any]
     max_length: int
     allowed_schemes: List[str]
     host_required: bool  # default False
@@ -3735,6 +3740,7 @@ class MultiHostUrlSchema(TypedDict, total=False):
 
 def multi_host_url_schema(
     *,
+    cls: Type[Any] | None = None,
     max_length: int | None = None,
     allowed_schemes: list[str] | None = None,
     host_required: bool | None = None,
@@ -3759,6 +3765,7 @@ def multi_host_url_schema(
     ```
 
     Args:
+        cls: The class to use for the URL build (a subclass of `pydantic_core.MultiHostUrl`)
         max_length: The maximum length of the URL
         allowed_schemes: The allowed URL schemes
         host_required: Whether the URL must have a host
@@ -3772,6 +3779,7 @@ def multi_host_url_schema(
     """
     return _dict_not_none(
         type='multi-host-url',
+        cls=cls,
         max_length=max_length,
         allowed_schemes=allowed_schemes,
         host_required=host_required,

src/url.rs

@@ -156,12 +156,12 @@ impl PyUrl {
     }
 
     #[classmethod]
-    #[pyo3(signature=(*, scheme, host, username=None, password=None, port=None, path=None, query=None, fragment=None))]
+    #[pyo3(signature=(*, scheme, host=None, username=None, password=None, port=None, path=None, query=None, fragment=None))]
     #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
     pub fn build<'py>(
         cls: &Bound<'py, PyType>,
         scheme: &str,
-        host: &str,
+        host: Option<&str>,
         username: Option<&str>,
         password: Option<&str>,
         port: Option<u16>,
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ impl PyUrl {
         let url_host = UrlHostParts {
             username: username.map(Into::into),
             password: password.map(Into::into),
-            host: Some(host.into()),
+            host: host.map(Into::into),
             port,
         };
         let mut url = format!("{scheme}://{url_host}");

src/validators/url.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use std::str::Chars;
 
 use pyo3::intern;
 use pyo3::prelude::*;
-use pyo3::types::{PyDict, PyList};
+use pyo3::types::{PyDict, PyList, PyType};
 
 use ahash::AHashSet;
 use url::{ParseError, SyntaxViolation, Url};
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ use crate::errors::{ErrorType, ErrorTypeDefaults, ValError, ValResult};
 use crate::input::downcast_python_input;
 use crate::input::Input;
 use crate::tools::SchemaDict;
+use crate::url::UrlHostParts;
 use crate::url::{schema_is_special, PyMultiHostUrl, PyUrl};
 
 use super::literal::expected_repr_name;
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ type AllowedSchemas = Option<(AHashSet<String>, String)>;
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct UrlValidator {
     strict: bool,
+    cls: Option<Py<PyType>>,
     max_length: Option<usize>,
     allowed_schemes: AllowedSchemas,
     host_required: bool,
@@ -47,6 +49,7 @@ impl BuildValidator for UrlValidator {
 
         Ok(Self {
             strict: is_strict(schema, config)?,
+            cls: schema.get_as(intern!(schema.py(), "cls"))?,
             max_length: schema.get_as(intern!(schema.py(), "max_length"))?,
             host_required: schema.get_as(intern!(schema.py(), "host_required"))?.unwrap_or(false),
             default_host: schema.get_as(intern!(schema.py(), "default_host"))?,
@@ -59,7 +62,7 @@ impl BuildValidator for UrlValidator {
     }
 }
 
-impl_py_gc_traverse!(UrlValidator {});
+impl_py_gc_traverse!(UrlValidator { cls });
 
 impl Validator for UrlValidator {
     fn validate<'py>(
@@ -93,7 +96,31 @@ impl Validator for UrlValidator {
             Ok(()) => {
                 // Lax rather than strict to preserve V2.4 semantic that str wins over url in union
                 state.floor_exactness(Exactness::Lax);
-                Ok(either_url.into_py(py))
+
+                if let Some(url_subclass) = &self.cls {
+                    // TODO: we do an extra build for a subclass here, we should avoid this
+                    // in v2.11 for perf reasons, but this is a worthwhile patch for now
+                    // given that we want isinstance to work properly for subclasses of Url
+                    let py_url = match either_url {
+                        EitherUrl::Py(py_url) => py_url.get().clone(),
+                        EitherUrl::Rust(rust_url) => PyUrl::new(rust_url),
+                    };
+
+                    let py_url = PyUrl::build(
+                        url_subclass.bind(py),
+                        py_url.scheme(),
+                        py_url.host(),
+                        py_url.username(),
+                        py_url.password(),
+                        py_url.port(),
+                        py_url.path().filter(|path| *path != "/"),
+                        py_url.query(),
+                        py_url.fragment(),
+                    )?;
+                    Ok(py_url.into_py(py))
+                } else {
+                    Ok(either_url.into_py(py))
+                }
             }
             Err(error_type) => Err(ValError::new(error_type, input)),
         }
@@ -186,6 +213,7 @@ impl CopyFromPyUrl for EitherUrl<'_> {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct MultiHostUrlValidator {
     strict: bool,
+    cls: Option<Py<PyType>>,
     max_length: Option<usize>,
     allowed_schemes: AllowedSchemas,
     host_required: bool,
@@ -213,6 +241,7 @@ impl BuildValidator for MultiHostUrlValidator {
         }
         Ok(Self {
             strict: is_strict(schema, config)?,
+            cls: schema.get_as(intern!(schema.py(), "cls"))?,
             max_length: schema.get_as(intern!(schema.py(), "max_length"))?,
             allowed_schemes,
             host_required: schema.get_as(intern!(schema.py(), "host_required"))?.unwrap_or(false),
@@ -225,7 +254,7 @@ impl BuildValidator for MultiHostUrlValidator {
     }
 }
 
-impl_py_gc_traverse!(MultiHostUrlValidator {});
+impl_py_gc_traverse!(MultiHostUrlValidator { cls });
 
 impl Validator for MultiHostUrlValidator {
     fn validate<'py>(
@@ -258,7 +287,44 @@ impl Validator for MultiHostUrlValidator {
             Ok(()) => {
                 // Lax rather than strict to preserve V2.4 semantic that str wins over url in union
                 state.floor_exactness(Exactness::Lax);
-                Ok(multi_url.into_py(py))
+
+                if let Some(url_subclass) = &self.cls {
+                    // TODO: we do an extra build for a subclass here, we should avoid this
+                    // in v2.11 for perf reasons, but this is a worthwhile patch for now
+                    // given that we want isinstance to work properly for subclasses of Url
+                    let py_url = match multi_url {
+                        EitherMultiHostUrl::Py(py_url) => py_url.get().clone(),
+                        EitherMultiHostUrl::Rust(rust_url) => rust_url,
+                    };
+
+                    let hosts = py_url.hosts(py).map_or(None, |hosts| {
+                        let mut host_parts_vec = Vec::new();
+                        for host in &hosts {
+                            if let Ok(py_dict) = host.downcast::<PyDict>() {
+                                if let Ok(host_parts) = UrlHostParts::extract_bound(py_dict) {
+                                    host_parts_vec.push(host_parts);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                        Some(host_parts_vec)
+                    });
+
+                    let py_url = PyMultiHostUrl::build(
+                        url_subclass.bind(py),
+                        py_url.scheme(),
+                        hosts,
+                        py_url.path().filter(|path| *path != "/"),
+                        py_url.query(),
+                        py_url.fragment(),
+                        None,
+                        None,
+                        None,
+                        None,
+                    )?;
+                    Ok(py_url.into_py(py))
+                } else {
+                    Ok(multi_url.into_py(py))
+                }
             }
             Err(error_type) => Err(ValError::new(error_type, input)),
         }

tests/test_errors.py

@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ def multi_raise_py_error(v: Any) -> Any:
         s2.validate_python('anything')
 
     cause_group = exc_info.value.__cause__
-    assert isinstance(cause_group, BaseExceptionGroup)
+    assert isinstance(cause_group, BaseExceptionGroup)  # noqa: F821
     assert len(cause_group.exceptions) == 1
 
     cause = cause_group.exceptions[0]
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ def outer_raise_py_error(v: Any) -> Any:
     with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as exc_info:
         s3.validate_python('anything')
 
-    assert isinstance(exc_info.value.__cause__, BaseExceptionGroup)
+    assert isinstance(exc_info.value.__cause__, BaseExceptionGroup)  # noqa: F821
     assert len(exc_info.value.__cause__.exceptions) == 1
     cause = exc_info.value.__cause__.exceptions[0]
     assert cause.__notes__ and cause.__notes__[-1].startswith('\nPydantic: ')
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ def outer_raise_py_error(v: Any) -> Any:
     assert isinstance(subcause, ValidationError)
 
     cause_group = subcause.__cause__
-    assert isinstance(cause_group, BaseExceptionGroup)
+    assert isinstance(cause_group, BaseExceptionGroup)  # noqa: F821
     assert len(cause_group.exceptions) == 1
 
     cause = cause_group.exceptions[0]